Diploma in Dental Nursing, Level 3

Carole Hollins is a dental practitioner and member of the british Dental Association. She is a member of the Factulty of General Dental Practitioners and a former Chairman of the NEBDN. She has been involved in the training and examining of dental nurses for over twenty years, and holds relevant qualifications in both assessment and clinical teaching and learning.

Introduction to the Third Edition viii

Acknowledgements ix

About the Companion Website x

Chapter 1: Unit 301: Ensure Your Own Actions Reduce Risks to Health and Safety 1

Overview of responsibilities 2

Employers’ responsibilities 3

Employees’ responsibilities – role of the dental nurse 5

Summary of Health and Safety requirements 11

Fire Precaution (Workplace) Regulations 11

First aid regulations 15

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) 17

Reporting of Injuries, Diseases, and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR) 26

Waste disposal 28

Ionising radiation 32

Occupational hazards 34

General safety measures 35

Chapter 2: Unit 302: Reflect on and Develop Your Practice 38

Reflect on performance 40

Implement a performance improvement plan 45

Evaluate the effectiveness of the plan 52

Compliance with registration requirements 53

Chapter 3: Unit 268: First Aid Essentials 68

Roles and responsibilities of the first aider 70

Incident assessment 76

Management of an unresponsive casualty who is breathing normally 78

Management of an unresponsive casualty with breathing problems 82

Management of a choking casualty 86

Management of a wounded and bleeding casualty 88

Management of a casualty in shock 90

Management of minor injuries 91

Chapter 4: Unit 304: Prepare and Maintain Environment, Instruments and Equipment for Clinical Dental Procedures 93

Application of standard precautions of infection control 94

Application of health and safety measures 99

Application of suitable sterilisation methods 110

Safe disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste 116

Chapter 5: Unit 305: Offer Information and Support to Individuals on the Protection of their Oral Health 119

Correct identification of the patient 120

Gaining valid consent 121

Communication skills 121

Provide appropriate Oral Health Information 124

Demonstrate and advise on appropriate oral hygiene techniques 129

Chapter 6: Unit 306: Provide Chairside Support during the Assessment of Patients’ Oral Health 139

Types of patient records 140

Retrieve and make available the patient records 149

Setting up for the Assessment 149

Recording the verbal Assessment information 152

Recording relevant medical conditions 159

Maintaining confidentiality of the information 162

Chapter 7: Unit 307: Contribute to the Production of Dental Images 163

Maintain the health and safety of all persons 164

Set up for the taking of Dental Images 167

Process the dental films and mount them correctly 171

Store or save the images correctly 175

Contribute to quality assurance checks 176

Chapter 8: Unit 308: Provide Chairside Support during the Prevention and Control of Periodontal Disease and Caries, and the Restoration of Cavities 180

Before the procedure 182

During the procedure 193

After the procedure 200

Chapter 9: Unit 309: Provide Chairside Support during the Provision of Fixed and Removable Prostheses 203

Before the procedure 205

During the procedure 221

After the procedure 231

Chapter 10: Unit 310: Provide Chairside Support during Non-surgical Endodontic Treatment 236

Before the procedure 237

During the procedure 246

After the procedure 251

Chapter 11: Unit 311: Provide Chairside Support during the Extraction of Teeth and Minor Oral Surgery 253

Before the procedure 254

During the procedure 265

After the procedure 272

Chapter 12: Unit 312: Principles of Infection Control in the Dental Environment 278

Background knowledge of microorganisms 280

Infection 282

Occupational hazards – cross-infection and inoculation injury 283

Infection control 289

Details of cleaning techniques for reusable items 294

Decontamination room 299

Hazardous waste disposal 301

Relevant health and safety legislation, policies and guidelines 303

Chapter 13: Unit 313: Assessment of Oral Health and Treatment Planning 310

Oral health Assessments 311

Orthodontic clinical Assessment 335

Disease-related changes of the oral tissues 343

Effects of ageing on the soft tissues 345

Medical conditions that affect the oral tissues 346

Medical emergencies 349

Basic structure and function of Oral and dental anatomy 363

Common oral diseases 396

Chapter 14: Unit 314: Dental Radiography 397

Use of ionising radiation in dentistry 398

Ionising radiation regulations 401

Principles of Dental Radiography 406

Radiograph exposure, handling and processing faults 416

Quality assurance of films 420

Handling of chemicals 421

Chapter 15: Unit 315: Scientific Principles in the Management of Oral Health Diseases and Dental Procedures 425

Common Oral Diseases 426

Prevention and Management of Dental Disease 445

Manage and handle materials and instruments, and understand the purpose and stages of different Dental procedures 473

Administration of local anaesthesia 474

Cavity restoration with fillings 484

Periodontal therapy 502

Non-surgical endodontics 505

Prosthodontics 511

Orthodontics 540

Dental implants 543

Extractions and minor Oral surgery 546

Index 561