Interpretation Basics of Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Shawneen M. Gonzalez, D.D.S., M.S., is Assistant Professor and Director of the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Clinic in the College of Dentistry at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, Nebraska. She teaches multiple clinical and didactic oral radiology courses at UNMC, and her research focuses on CBCT uses and education methods of oral and maxillofacial radiology.

Preface ix Acknowledgments xi About the Companion Website xiii 1. Introduction to Cone Beam Computed Tomography 3 Shawneen M. Gonzalez Introduction 3 Conventional Computed Tomography (CT) 3 Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) 4 Conventional CT Versus Cone Beam CT 4 Viewing CBCT Data 6 Artifacts 9 Common Uses 12 2. Legal Issues Concerning Cone Beam Computed Tomography 25 Shawneen M. Gonzalez Introduction 25 Standard of Care 25 Recommendations 26 Summary 29 3. Paranasal Sinuses and Mastoid Air Cells 31 Gayle Reardon Introduction 31 Anatomy 31 Inflammatory Disease of the Paranasal Sinuses 45 Intrinsic Diseases of the Paranasal Sinuses 49 Postsurgical Changes of Paranasal Sinuses 56 4. The Sinonasal Cavity and Airway 59 Gayle Reardon Introduction 59 Anatomy 59 Surgical Variations 75 Inflammatory Diseases 77 The Pharynx 80 The Nasopharynx 80 The Oropharynx 82 The Hypopharynx (Also Called Laryngopharynx) 83 The Parapharyngeal Space 83 5. Cranial Skull Base 85 Shawneen M. Gonzalez Introduction 85 Anatomy 85 Incidental Findings 93 6. Soft Tissue of the Brain and Orbits 103 Shawneen M. Gonzalez Introduction 103 Anatomy Soft Tissue of the Brain and Orbits 103 Incidental Findings Soft Tissue of the Brain 108 Incidental Findings Orbits 118 7. Cervical Spine and Soft Tissues of the Neck 123 Shawneen M. Gonzalez Introduction 123 Anatomy Cervical Spine and Soft Tissues of the Neck 123 Incidental Findings 129 8. Temporomandibular Joints 143 Gayle Reardon The Temporomandibular Joints 143 Normal Anatomy and Function 143 Developmental Abnormalities 147 Soft Tissue Abnormalities 152 Remodeling and Arthritis 153 Trauma 163 Tumors 165 9. Implants 167 Shawneen M. Gonzalez Introduction 167 Imaging for Implant Purposes 167 Linear Measurement Accuracy 169 Grey Values and Hounsfield Units 170 Mandibular Canal 171 Virtual Implant Placement Software 172 Appendix 1: Sample Reports 177 Shawneen M. Gonzalez Appendix 2: Resources 189 Index 191