Prenatal and Postnatal Care

Robin G. Jordan is a certified nurse–midwife and formerly a long time faculty member of Frontier Nursing University, teaching midwives and nurse practitioners. She is currently Professor in Nursing at North Central Michigan College, Michigan, USA. Janet L. Engstrom is a certified nurse–midwife and women′s health nurse practitioner, teaching midwives and nurse practitioners. She is the Associate Dean for Research at Frontier Nursing University, Kentucky, USA. Julie A. Marfell is a family nurse practitioner and nurse practitioner educator. She is the Associate Dean for Family Nursing at Frontier Nursing University, Kentucky, USA. Cindy L. Farley is a certified nurse–midwife and midwifery educator. She is currently Adjunct Associate Professor at Georgetown University, Washington D.C., USA, and Adjunct Professor at the Midwifery Institute of Philadelphia University, Pennsylvania, USA.

About the editors xix


Contributors xxi


Reviewers xxiii


Foreword xxv


Preface xxvii


Part I Physiological foundations of prenatal and postnatal care 3


1 Reproductive tract structure and function 5
Patricia W. Caudle


2 Conception, implantation, and embryonic and fetal development 19
Patricia W. Caudle


3 Maternal physiological alterations during pregnancy 34
Patricia W. Caudle


Part II Preconception and prenatal care 49


4 Preconception care 51
Victoria L. Baker


5 Prenatal care: Goals, structure, and components 73
Carrie S. Klima


6 Nutrition during pregnancy 99
Robin G. Jordan and Julie A. Paul


7 Pregnancy diagnosis and gestational age assessment 125
Janet L. Engstrom and Joyce D. Cappiello


8 Risk assessment and risk management in prenatal care 149
Robin G. Jordan


9 Prenatal genetic counseling, screening, and diagnosis 160
Robin G. Jordan and Janet L. Engstrom


10 Assessment of fetal well–being 176
Jenifer Fahey


11 Common discomforts of pregnancy 193
Robin G. Jordan


12 Medication use during pregnancy 223
Mary C. Brucker and Tekoa L. King


13 Substance use during pregnancy 238
Daisy J. Goodman, Alane B. O′Connor, and Kelley A. Bowden


14 Social issues in pregnancy 261
Nena R. Harris


15 Exercise, recreational and occupational issues, and intimate relationships in pregnancy 274
Meghan Garland


16 Psychosocial adaptations in pregnancy 291
Cindy L. Farley


17 Health education during pregnancy 312
Lisa Hanson, Leona VandeVusse, and Kathryn Shisler Harrod


18 Assessment and care at the onset of labor 325
Amy Marowitz


Part III Common complications of pregnancy 333


19 Bleeding during pregnancy 335
Robin G. Jordan


20 Amniotic fluid and fetal growth disorders 352
Victoria H. Burslem and Cindy L. Farley


21 Preterm labor and birth 365
Robin G. Jordan


22 Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy 375
Robin G. Jordan


23 Gestational diabetes 387
Kimberly K. Trout


24 Other complications in pregnancy: Multiple gestation, post–term pregnancy, hyperemesis, and abdominal pain 397
Tonya B. Nicholson


25 Perinatal loss and grief 409
Robin G. Jordan


Part IV Postnatal care 417


26 Physiological alterations during the postnatal period 419
Kimberly A. Couch and Karen DeCocker–Geist


27 Components of postnatal care 423
Tia P. Andrighetti and Deborah Brandt Karsnitz


28 Common complications during the postnatal period 441
Deborah Brandt Karsnitz


29 Contraception 462
Patricia Aikins Murphy and Leah N. Torres


30 Lactation and breastfeeding 478
Marsha Walker


31 Common breastfeeding problems 499
Marsha Walker


Part V Management of common health problems during the prenatal and postnatal periods 515


32 Respiratory disorders 517
Janyce Cagan Agruss


33 Hematological and thromboembolic disorders 525
Julie A. Marfell


34 Urinary tract disorders 536
Rhonda Arthur and Nancy Pesta Walsh


35 Gastrointestinal disorders 544
Audra C. Malone and Karen DeCocker–Geist


36 Obesity 549
Cecelia M. Jevitt


37 Endocrine disorders 560
Elizabeth Gabzdyl


38 Neurological disorders 570
Tonya B. Nicholson


39 Dermatological disorders 580
Gwendolyn Short and Elizabeth Powell Holcomb


40 Infectious diseases 589
Jacquelyne Brooks and Elizabeth A. Parr


41 Sexually transmitted infections and common vaginitis 608
Meghan Garland and Barbara P. Brennan


42 Psychological disorders 621
Heather Shlosser


Index 631