Vertigo and Dizziness

After graduating from the Semmelweis Medical School, Budapest, Béla Büki, MD, PhD, specialized in ENT at the ENT-Clinic of the same University. Since 1998, he has been working in Austria, currently at the Dept. of Otorhinolaryngology, County Hospital Krems, Austria. His special interests are: otoacoustic emissions, electrocochleography, non-invasive intracranial pressure measurements and neurotology.; Alexander A. Tarnutzer, MD, received his medical degree from the University of Basel, Switzerland, in 2003 and became a board-certified neurologist in 2012, after having completed his training at the Dept. of Neurology at the University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland. He is currently part of the Interdisciplinary Center for Vertigo & Balance Disorders at the University Hospital Zurich. His special interests are: human spatial orientation, balance and graviception, cerebellar disorders, transcranial magnetic stimulation, neurotology, neuro-ophthalmology.

1. Introduction: Neurotology is about neurology for ENT specialists; about ENT for neurologists, and about both specialities for general practitioners. ; 2. Dizziness as emergency: Simple, fast bedside tests to differentiate between potentially dangerous and peripheral causes in the emergency room and general practice ; 3. Vestibular physiology: The basics presented accessibly ; 4. History of complaints as a diagnostic tool:First episode, recurrent attacks, chronic dizziness, triggers, onset and types ; 5. Examination methods: Bedside tests; new innovative instrumental vestibular testing (3 dimensional head impulse test and evoked responses) ; 6. Three frequent peripheral causes of dizziness and vertigo: Effective therapy of Menieres disease and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; differential diagnosis of vestibular neuritis ; 7. Chronic vestibular insufficiency: Complaints and causes ; 8. Diseases of the temporal bone: Fractures, pathological third windows on the labyrinth, schwannoma ; 9. Central causes of vertigo, dizziness and imbalance: Migraine, TIA, stroke, ataxias and other neurological vestibular syndromes ; 10. Medical, non-vestibular causes of dizziness or vertigo: Frequent, potentially life threatening and benign, self-limiting systemic causes ; 11. Diagnosis of falls, dizziness in children and elderly: Benign and more urgent causes of falls, classification and prevention ; 12. Controversial issues: Vestibular paroxysmia, cervical vertigo, spontaneous perilymphatic fistula:do they exist? New theories about chronic postural/positional vertigo and dizziness