Foundations of Couples, Marriage, and Family Counseling

DAVID CAPPUZZI, PD, LPC, NCC, is core faculty member in the mental health counseling program at Walden University; a Senior Faculty Associate in the Department of Counseling and Human Services at Johns Hopkins University; and Professor Emeritus at Portland State University. He is the former president of the American Counseling Association (ACA) and an ACA Fellow. MARK D. STAUFFER, PD, NCC, is a contributing instructor in the Counselor Education and Supervision program at Walden University in the Department of Teacher and Counselor Education at Oregon State University and is Co-Chair of the American Counseling Association International Committee.

Preface ix PART 1 ESSENTIAL KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS 1 Chapter 1 Variations in Family Systems and Family Life Cycles 3 David Capuzzi, Mark D. Stauffer, and Nicholaus Erber Functional and Dysfunctional Families 5 Variations in Family Systems 7 The Family Life Cycle 15 Summary 20 Useful Websites 21 References 21 Chapter 2 Using Community Genograms to Position Culture and Context in Family Therapy 25 Sandra A. Rigazio-DiGilio and Hyeseong Kang Introduction 25 Making the Invisible Visible: The Evolution of Genograms 26 Community Genograms: Capturing the Complexity of Culture and Context 32 Basic Components of Standard Community Genograms 34 Using Community Genograms to Extend Client Perspectives 40 Using Community Genograms as Consultants and Advocates 45 Summary 49 References 50 Chapter 3 Diversity and Intercultural Work in Family Counseling 53 Brian Canfield Goals 55 Background 56 Major Constructs 57 Techniques 63 Limitations 68 Summary 69 Useful Websites and Links 69 References 70 Chapter 4 Effectively Using Research and Assessment in Couples and Family Therapy 71 Brande Flamez, Janet Froeschle Hicks, and Ashley Clark The Role of Research in Effective Family Therapy 73 Conclusions Drawn in Family Therapy Research 74 Research Methods in Family Therapy 77 Assessment in Family Therapy 81 Use of Standardized Assessment Instruments for Individuals 84 Inventories for Couples and Family Counseling 86 Summary 95 Useful Websites 95 References 96 Chapter 5 Legal, Ethical, and Professional Issues 101 Melinda Haley Ethical Issues 102 Legal Issues 107 Professional Issues 114 Accreditation 120 Summary 121 Useful Websites 122 References 122 PART 2 THEORIES: HISTORY, CONCEPTS, AND TECHNIQUES 127 Chapter 6 Psychodynamic Theories: Approaches and Applications 129 Stephanie K. Scott Background 131 Major Constructs 135 Goals 141 Techniques 144 Limitations 152 Summary 154 Useful Websites 155 References 155 Chapter 7 Experiential and Humanistic Theories: Approaches and Applications 159 Mark B. Scholl, Michelle Perepiczka, and Michael Walsh Carl Whitaker 160 Walter Kempler 167 Virginia Satir 171 Limitations 179 Summary 180 Useful Websites 181 References 181 Chapter 8 Bowenian Family Systems Theory: Approaches and Applications 185 Dohee Kim-Appel and Jonathan K. Appel Background 186 Bowen s Family Systems Theory 187 Major Constructs 188 Counseling Techniques 202 Limitations and Future Research 206 Summary 208 Useful Websites 208 References 208 Chapter 9 Structural Theory: Approaches and Applications 215 Shawn P. Parmanand and Esther Benoit Theoretical Overview 215 Background: Founders and Current Proponents 216 Major Constructs 219 Goals 229 Techniques 230 Limitations 235 Summary 235 Useful Websites 236 References 236 Chapter 10 Strategic and Milan Systemic Theories: Approaches and Applications 239 Mark D. Stauffer and David Capuzzi Background 239 Major Constructs 240 Washington School of Strategic Therapy 242 Mental Research Institute (MRI) School 250 Milan Systemic School 253 Strategic Therapy Limitations 257 Summary 258 Useful Websites 258 References 259 Chapter 11 Behavioral and Cognitive-Behavioral Theories: Approaches and Applications 261 Marvarene Oliver and Yvonne Castillo Background 262 Major Constructs 276 Techniques 278 Limitations 281 Summary 281 Useful Websites 282 References 282 PART 3 COUPLES WORK 287 Chapter 12 Key Issues and Interventions in Couples Counseling 289 Montserrat Casado-Kehoe and Diane Kimball Parker Couples Counseling Models and Interventions 290 Summary 311 Useful Websites 311 References 312 Chapter 13 Sexuality and Gender in Couples Counseling 317 Janet Froeschle Hicks and Brande Flamez Definitions of Gender and Sex 318 Couple Differentiation 331 Counselor Sexuality Training 335 Summary 335 Useful Websites 337 References 337 Chapter 14 Counseling Couples Using Life Cycle and Narrative Therapy Lenses 341 Colleen R. Logan, Aaron H. Jackson, Lee A. Teufel-Prida, and Dawn M. Wirick Case Study 341 Introduction 342 Termination 354 Referral 356 Summary 357 Useful Websites 357 References 357 PART 4 SPECIAL ISSUES 359 Chapter 15 Filial Play Therapy and Other Strategies for Working With Parents 361 John Sommers-Flanagan, Kirsten W. Murray, and Christina G. Yoshimura Parenting Problems and Theoretical Models 362 Core Principles for Working With Parents 364 Filial Therapy: A Specific Approach to Working Directly With Parents 370 References 386 Chapter 16 Working With Addictions in Family Therapy 389 Pamela S. Lassiter, Astra B. Czerny, and Kimberly S. Williams What Is Addiction? 389 Prevalence of Addiction in Families 390 Impact of Addiction 390 Substance Abuse Versus Nonsubstance Addictions 391 Biopsychosocial Epistemology of Addiction 392 Using Family Therapy as a Treatment Modality 395 Family Dynamics and Addiction 396 Recruitment of Addicted Families 399 Assessment Strategies 400 Assessment and Initial Interviews 401 Joining With Addicted Families 402 Segmenting 403 Stages of Change 403 Motivational Interviewing 404 Family Interventions Protocols 405 Family Education Programs 405 Goals for Therapy With Addicted Families 405 Training and Supervision 411 Summary 413 Useful Websites 413 References 414 Chapter 17 Violence, Abuse, and Trauma in Family Therapy 419 Danica G. Hays, Kevin C. Snow, and Cassandra G. Pusateri Introduction to Violence, Abuse, and Trauma 419 Diversity Considerations 424 Counseling Families Experiencing Violence, Abuse, and Trauma 428 Postscript: Counselor Self-Care 436 Summary 438 Useful Websites 438 References 439 Chapter 18 Divorce and Other Loss Issues in Family Therapy 449 Thelma Duffey The Grief Experience 450 Theories of Grief 453 A Family s Adaptation to Loss 457 Common Experiences of Loss in a Family System 458 Ambiguous Loss 466 Creativity in Grief and Loss Counseling 474 Summary 477 Useful Websites 477 References 478 Meet the Editors 483 Meet the Contributors 485 Author Index 499 Subject Index 513