The Vein Book

John J. Bergan, MD, FACS, FACPh, FRCS, pioneered a new era of diagnosis and treatment for venous conditions, expanding the scope of research and discovering new frontiers in phlebology. As a clinical vascular surgeon, physician, scientist, and respected teacher of vascular surgery, he has published over 800 academic papers and authored or edited more than 40 textbooks. He has served as president for all the major vascular surgery societies and resided on editorial boards of all major surgical and vascular journals, including the Journal of Vascular Surgery, Annals of Vascular Surgery, and the British Journal of Surgery. Additionally, he was a co-founder of the American Venous Forum and American College of Phlebology. Nisha Bunke, MD, FACPh, is the Director of La Jolla Vein Care, Volunteer Clinical Instructor of Surgery at the University of California San Diego School of Medicine, member of the Scripps Ximed Medical Group.

Part I: Basic Considerations ; 1. Historical Introduction ; Alberto Caggiati and Claudio Allegra ; 2. Venous Embryology and Anatomy ; Geza Mozes and Peter Gloviczki ; 3. Epidemiology of Chronic Peripheral Venous Disease ; Michael H. Criqui, Julie O. Denenberg, Robert D. Langer, Robert M. Kaplan, and Arnost Fronek ; 4. Venous Anatomy, Physiology, and Pathophysiology ; John J. Bergan and Luigi Pascarella ; 5. Physiologic Testing in Venous Disorders ; Jeffrey K. Raines and Jose I. Almeida ; 6. Inappropriate Leukocyte Activation in Venous Disease ; Philip Coleridge Smith ; 7. Molecular Basis of Venous Insufficiency ; 8. Chronic Venous Insufficiency: Molecular Abnormalities and Ulcer Formation ; Joseph D. Raffetto ; 9. Pathophysiology of Chronic Venous Insufficiency ; Peter J. Pappas, Brajesh K. Lal, Frank T. Padberg Jr., Robert W. Zickler, and Walter N. Duran ; 10. Mechanism and Effects of Compression Therapy ; Hugo Partsch ; 11. Classifying Venous Disease ; Bo Elkof ; Part II: Primary Superficial Venous Insufficiency ; 12. Risk Factors, Manifestations, and Clinic Examination of the Patient with Primary Venous Insufficiency ; John J. Bergan ; 13. Sclerosing Agents ; A. Cavezzi and M. Izzo ; 14. Sclerotherapy Treatment of Telangiectasias ; Robert A. Weiss and Margaret A. Weiss ; 15. Complications and Adverse Sequelae of Sclerotherapy ; Mitchel P. Goldman ; 16. Laser Treatment of Telangiectasias and Reticular Veins ; Neil Sadick and Lian Sorhaindo ; 17. Overview: Treatment of Venous Insufficiency ; John J. Bergan ; 18. Ultrasound Examination of the Patient with Primary Venous Insufficiency ; Luigi Pascarella and Lisa Mekenas ; 19. Sclerotherapy and Ultrasound Sclerotherapy ; Paul K. Thibault ; 20. Sclerofoam for Treatment of Varicose Veins ; Jeanjerome Guex ; 21. Sclerosants in Microfoam: A New Approach in Angiology ; Juan Cabrera, Maria V. Rubia, and Juan Cabrera Jr. ; 22. Ultrasound Guided Catheter and Foam Therapy for Venous Insufficiency ; Luigi Pascarella and John J. Bergan ; 23. Principles of Treatment of Varicose Veins ; Steven E. Zimmet ; 24. Inversion Stripping of the Saphenous Vein ; John J. Bergan ; 25. Neovascularization: An Adverse Response to Proper Groin Dissection ; Marianne De Maeseneer ; 26. The Changing Importance of the Saphenous Vein: Treating vs. Non-treatment ; Paul Pittaluga, Chastanet S, Locret T ; 27. Principles of Ambulatory Phlebectomy ; Jose I. Almeida and Jeffrey K. Raines ; 28. Powered Phlebectomy in Surgery of Varicose Veins ; Nick Morrison ; 29. Endovenous Radiofrequency and Laser Ablation ; Nick Morrison ; 30. Treatment of Small Saphenous Vein Reflux ; Kenneth Myers, Amy Clough, Stefania Roberts, and Damien Jolley ; 31. Recurrent Varicose Veins After Operative Treatment ; Michel Perrin ; 32. Use of System-Specific Questionnaires and Determination of Quality of Life After Treatment of Varicose Veins ; A C Shepherd, M Davis, and A H Davies ; 33. Pelvic Congestion Syndrome: Diagnosis and Treatment ; G D Richardson ; Part III: Venous Thromboembolism ; 34. The Epidemiology of Venous Thromboembolism in the Community: Implications for Prevention and Management ; John A. Heit ; 35. Fundamental Mechanisms in Venous Thrombosis: New Insights ; Jose A. Diaz, Daniel D. Myers Jr., and Thomas W. Wakefield ; 36. Congenital and Acquired Hypercoagulable Syndromes ; Jocelyn A. Segall and Timothy K. Liem ; 37. New Ways To Prevent Venous Thromboembolism: Inhibition of Factor Xa and Thrombin ; David Bergqvist ; 38. Diagnosis of Deep Venous Thrombosis ; David A. Frankel and Warner P. Bundens ; 39. Thrombotic Risk Assessment: A Hybrid Approach ; Joseph A. Caprini ; 40. Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in the General Surgical Patient ; J.I. Arcelus and Joseph A. Caprini ; 41. Conventional Treatment of Deep Venous Thrombosis ; Graham F. Pineo and Russell D. Hull ; 42. The Diagnosis and Management of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia ; Theodore E. Warkentin ; 43. Operative Venous Thrombectomy ; Anthony J. Comerota and Steven S. Gale ; 44. Permanent Vena Cava Filters: Indications, Filter Types, and Results ; Ali F. AbuRahma and Patrick A. Stone ; 45. Complications of Vena Cava Filters ; Teresa L. Carman and Linda M. Graham ; 46. Temporary Filters and Prophylactic Indications ; John C. McCallum and Nikhil Kansal ; 47. Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Venous Thrombosis ; Anthony J. Comerota and Santiago Chahwan ; 48. Percutaneous Mechanical Thrombectomy in the Treatment of DVT ; Colleen M. Johnson, Pritham P. Reddy, and Robert B. McLafferty ; 49. Diagnosis and Management of Primary Axillo-Subclavian Venous Thrombosis ; Niren Angle ; 50. Subclavian Vein Obstruction: Techniques for Repair and Bypass ; Richard J. Sanders ; 51. Superficial Thrombophlebitis: Recommendations for Diagnosis and Management ; Joann M. Lohr ; Part IV: Chronic Venous Insufficiency ; 52. The Primary Cause of Chronic Venous Insufficiency ; Michel Perrin, Oscar Maleti, and Marzia Lugli ; 53. Conventional Surgery for Chronic Venous Insufficiency ; William Marston ; 54. Subfascial Endoscopic Perforating Vein Surgery (SEPS) for Chronic Venous Insufficiency ; Peter Gloviczki, Manju Karla, and Alessandra Puggioni ; 55. Ultrasound Guided Sclerotherapy of Perforating Veins In Chronic Insufficiency ; Fedor Lurie, Alessandra Puggionu, and Robert L. Kistner ; 56. Perforating Veins ; John J. Bergan and Luigi Pascarella ; 57. Endovenous Treatment of Iliocaval Occlusion ; Patricia E. Thorpe and Francisco J. Osse ; 58. Popliteal Venous Entrapment ; Seshadri Raju ; 59. Valvuloplasy In Primary Venous Insufficiency: Development, Performance, and Long-Term Results ; Robert L. Kistner, Elna Masuda, and Fedor Lurie ; 60. Prosthetic Venous Valves ; Michael C. Dalsing ; 61. Post-Thrombotic Syndrome: Clinical Features, Pathology, and Treatment ; Seshadri Raju ; 62. Efficacy of Veno-Active Drugs In Chronic Venous Disease: Survey Of Evidence, Synthesis, And Tentative Recommendations ; Michel Perrin and A.A. Ramelet ; 63. Medical Management of the Venous Leg Ulcer: Wound Dressings and Adjuvant Agents ; Part V: Congenital Venous Abnormalities ; 64. Venous Malformations and Tumors: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Management ; BB Lee and J Laredo