Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Orthodontics – Indications, Insights, and Innovations

Sunil Kapila, D.D.S., M.S., Ph.D., is Robert W. Browne Endowed Professor and Chair, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, the University of Michigan School of Dentistry in Ann Arbor, Michigan. He also serves as the Graduate Orthodontics Program Director at the University of Michigan. Dr. Kapila is the director of the Moyers Symposium, a prestigious conference held at the University of Michigan, which each year focuses on a specific topic in orthodontics, dentofacial orthopedics and craniofacial biology.

List of Contributors ix Preface xiii Acknowledgments xv Part 1 Technology Assessment and Enhancements 3 1 Contemporary Concepts of Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Orthodontics 5 Sunil D. Kapila 2 Functional and Technical Characteristics of Different Cone Beam Computed Tomography Units 43 Om P. Kharbanda, Neeraj Wadhawan, Rajiv Balachandran, Devasenathipathy Kandasamy, and Sunil D. Kapila 3 Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Orthodontics: Perspectives on Radiation Risk 67 Sharon L. Brooks and John B. Ludlow 4 Rational Basis for Transitioning from 2D to 3D Radiographic Imaging in Orthodontic Practice and Research 81 Birte Melsen and Michel Dalstra 5 The Future of Cone Beam Computed Tomography and 3D Imaging in Orthodontics 103 Michael W. Vannier and Bin Jiang Part 2 Protocols and Principles for Cone Beam Computed Tomography Imaging in Orthodontics 113 6 Development of Evidence-Based Selection Criteria for Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Orthodontics 115 William C. Scarfe, Kirt E. Simmons, and Carla A. Evans 7 To Scan or Not to Scan: Medico-Legal Implications 127 Bernard Friedland 8 Protocols for the Use of Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Orthodontic Practice 139 Aaron D. Molen Part 3 Diagnosis and Treatment Planning 165 9 How to Interpret Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans 167 Christos Angelopoulos 10 Detection of Incidental Findings in Cone Beam Computed Tomography Imaging and Their Clinical Implications 185 Erika Benavides and Paul C. Edwards 11 3D Orthodontic Diagnosis and Treatment Planning 221 Juan Martin Palomo, Manish Valiathan, and Mark G. Hans 12 Application of 3D TMJ Imaging to TMJDs, TMJ Functional Analyses, and Orthodontic Treatment Outcomes 247 Anna-Kari Hajati, Lucia H.S. Cevidanes, Laura Iwasaki, Jeffrey C. Nickel, and Sunil D. Kapila 13 Characterization of the Upper Airway Morphology and Its Changes in the Apneic Patient Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography 273 R. Scott Conley, Paolo M. Cattaneo, and Bruce S. Haskell 14 Alveolar Boundary Conditions in Orthodontic Diagnosis and Treatment Planning 293 Sunil D. Kapila and Jeanne M. Nervina Part 4 Clinical Applications and Treatment Outcomes 317 15 Assessment of Root Position and Morphology by Cone Beam Computed Tomography 319 Jeanne M. Nervina and Sunil D. Kapila 16 3D Image-Aided Diagnosis and Treatment of Impacted and Transposed Teeth 349 Sunil D. Kapila and Jeanne M. Nervina 17 Assessment of Maxillary Transverse Deficiency and Treatment Outcomes by Cone Beam Computed Tomography 383 Jeanne M. Nervina, Sunil D. Kapila, and Carlos Flores-Mir 18 Planning and Placing Temporary Anchorage Devices with the Aid of Cone Beam Computed Tomography Imaging 411 Sebastian Baumgaertel 19 3D Planning and Treatment Outcomes of Bone Anchored Maxillary Protraction 427 Tung Nguyen 20 Applications of Cone Beam Computed Tomography to Orthognathic Surgery Treatment Planning 437 Sean P. Edwards and R. Scott Conley 21 3D Diagnosis and Management of Facial Asymmetries 453 Abeer AlHadidi, Lucia H.S. Cevidanes, and Beatriz Paniagua 22 3D Assessment of Orthognathic Surgical Outcomes 463 Yoon-Ji R. Kim, Yang-Ho Park, Leonardo Koerich de Paula, and R. Scott Conley 23 3D Imaging in Diagnosis and Treatment Planning of Craniofacial Anomalies 485 Snehlata Oberoi, Jeanne M. Nervina, and Karin Vargervik Index 509