Public Health and Epidemiology at a Glance (eBook)

Public Health and Epidemiology at a Glance 5
Preface 8
Acknowledgements 9
About the authors 9
1: Introduction to public health 10
Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice 12
2: Incidence and prevalence 12
3: Risks and odds 14
4: Hierarchy of evidence and investigating causation 16
5: Bias, confounding and chance in epidemiological studies 18
6: Standardisation 20
7: Ecological and cross-sectional studies 22
8: Case-control and cohort studies 24
9: Trials (experimental studies) 26
10: Systematic reviews and meta-analysis 28
11: Diagnostic tests 30
Assessing Population Health 32
12: Health and illness 32
13: Demography 34
14: Epidemiological transition 36
15: Health information 38
16: Measuring population health status 40
17: Lifestyle determinants of health 42
18: Environmental determinants of health 44
19: Inequalities in health 46
20: Socio-economic inequalities in health 48
21: Health needs assessment 50
Improving and Protecting Health 52
22: Disease prevention 52
23: Principles of disease transmission 54
24: Communicable disease control 56
25: Surveillance 58
26: Immunisation 60
27: Screening principles 62
28: Screening programmes 64
29: Health promotion 66
30: Changing behaviour 68
Health Economics 7
31: Economic perspectives on health 70
32: Economic evaluation 72
33: Economic perspectives on measuring health-related outcomes 74
34: Economics of public health problems 76
Effective Health Care 78
35: Health care systems 78
36: Planning health services 80
37: Health care evaluation 82
Self-Assessment 84
Self-assessment questions 84
Self-assessment answers 86
Appendix: Practical issues in conducting epidemiological studies 87
Further reading 89
Index 90