Adventure Sport Physiology (eBook)

Dr Nicholas Draper, Principal Lecturer, School of Physical Education, University of Chichester, Chichester, UK Nick has considerable teaching experience in both the UK and the US. He is a qualified coach in kayaking and mountaineering and for three years was the performance planner for the British judo team. Nick's research interests include coaching and sports science support as they relate to the Adventure and Physical Education Domains. Mr Christopher Hodgson, Senior Lecturer, School of Physical Education, University of Chichester, Chichester, UK Chris is a fully qualified member of the International Association of Ski Instructors, a British Canoe Union Level V Coach and has taught and led adventurous activity programmes in North America, Europe, Africa and India. Chris' research interests include human performance during environmentally induced stress, the enhancement of adventure sports performance and the experience of adventure activities.

ADVENTURE SPORT PHYSIOLOGY 3
Contents 9
Acknowledgements 13
Preface 15
Part I: The Foundations of Adventure Sport Physiology 19
1. A historical perspective: the context of adventure physiology 21
1.1 The earliest physiologists 21
1.2 The founders of exercise physiology 29
1.3 The development of environmental physiology 31
1.4 The origins of adventure physiology 33
1.5 The development of adventure sports 36
2. Nutrition for health and performance 49
2.1 Introduction to nutrition 49
2.2 Carbohydrates 57
2.3 Fats 61
2.4 Proteins 67
2.5 Vitamins 72
2.6 Minerals 76
2.7 Water 79
2.8 Digestion 80
2.9 Components of a healthy balanced diet 82
2.10 Summary and study questions 86
3. The structure and functioning of the human body 89
3.1 The cellular basis for life 89
3.2 Skeletal system 98
3.3 Nervous system 102
3.4 Endocrine system 114
3.5 Summary and study questions 120
4. Fundamental systems for adventure sports 123
4.1 Muscular system 123
4.2 Respiratory system 139
4.3 Cardiovascular system 151
4.4 Energy systems 163
4.5 Summary and study questions 169
5. Training fundamentals 173
5.1 Introduction to training methodology 173
5.2 Developing and designing training programmes 194
5.3 Summary and study questions 212
Part II: The Physiological Demands of Adventure Sports 215
6. Power and power endurance: the explosive activities 217
6.1 Introduction 217
6.2 Muscle fibre types 218
6.3 The phosphagen system 222
6.4 Physiological response to power and power endurance activities and fatigue 229
6.5 Physiological adaptations to power training 236
6.6 Nutritional ergogenic aids to power performance 237
6.7 Summary and study questions 241
7. Anaerobic endurance: the lactate tolerance and management activities 245
7.1 Introduction 245
7.2 Glycolysis 246
7.3 Physiological response to anaerobic endurance activities and fatigue 257
7.4 Physiological adaptations to anaerobic endurance training 263
7.5 Nutritional ergogenic aids to anaerobic performance 264
7.6 Sport-specific physiology 266
7.7 Summary and study questions 275
8. Intermittent adventure activities 279
8.1 Introduction 279
8.2 Physiology of intermittent activities 280
8.3 Training and recovery in intermittent activity 285
8.4 Nutrition and ergogenic aids for intermittent activities 286
8.5 Water immersion 289
8.6 The physiology of water-based adventure sports 300
8.7 Summary and study questions 313
9. Aerobic endurance part 1: high-intensity activities 317
9.1 Introduction 317
9.2 Aerobic-anaerobic transition and lactate threshold 318
9.3 Physiological response to high-intensity endurance activities 325
9.4 Physiological adaptations to training 336
9.5 Nutritional ergogenic aids to aerobic performance 338
9.6 Physiological challenge of thermal stress 341
9.7 The physiology of land-based adventure sports 351
9.8 The physiology of water-based adventure sports 354
9.9 Summary and study questions 364
10. Aerobic endurance part 2: lower-intensity activities 369
10.1 Introduction 369
10.2 Aerobic system 370
10.3 Physiological response to lower intensity endurance activities 391
10.4 Physiological adaptations to training 394
10.5 Nutritional ergogenic aids to aerobic performance 395
10.6 The effects of hyperbaric and hypobaric condition on performance 400
10.7 The physiology of mountaineering 414
10.8 Summary and study questions 424
References 429
Index 447

"... probably the most comprehensive adventure sport
physiology book I am aware of; therefore, I recommend it
wholeheartedly." -The Sport & Exercise
Scientist

"Well illustrated and clearly written, the book is
particularly strong in the chemical foundations of nutrition and
the production of energy for movement." -Choice
Reviews, July 2009