A Guide to School Services in Speech-Language Pathology

Trici Schraeder, MS, CCC-SLP Trici Schraeder, MS, CCC-SLP received her BA and MS degrees from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. She completed her Clinical Fellowship for her Certificate of Clinical Competence from the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) in medical settings in 1975-76; worked as a school-based speech-language pathologist for 14 years in Wisconsin public schools; and has held a teaching appointment at the University of Wisconsin-Madison since 1989. Trici is a past Vice President of School Services for the Wisconsin Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology Professional Association (WSHA-P); was a recipient of the WSHA 2002 Outstanding Service Award; was the first appointed Wisconsin State Education Advocacy Leader (SEAL); and is a four-time recipient of an Award for Continuing Education (ACE) from ASHA.

List of Illustrations Preface Chapter 1: Origins of Public School Speech-Language Pathology Programs Related Vocabulary Introduction The Quiet Revolution Movement Toward Inclusion No Child Left Behind Act Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act Successes and Failures Roles and Responsibilities of Today's School-Based Speech-Language Pathologist Requisite Knowledge for the School-Based Speech-Language Pathologist Essential Skills for the School-Based Speech-Language Pathologist Dispositions Toward Persons with Disabilities: Considerations in Practice for the School-Based Speech-Language Pathologist Summary Questions for Application and Review 24 References 25 Chapter 2: A Workload Analysis Approach to Caseload Standards in Schools Related Vocabulary Introduction Caseload and Service Quality: Specific Effects What Is Caseload? What Is Workload? Considerations Regarding Options for Unmet Needs Twelve Steps to a Workload Analysis Some Workload Solutions Success Story: A Workload Analysis Approach Applied to a Weighting System Summary Questions for Application and Review References Appendix 2 - 1: Middleton/Cross Plains Area School District Speech-Language Severity Rating Scales Chapter 3: Assessment, Evaluation, and Individualized Education Programs in Schools Related Vocabulary Introduction Prereferral Referral for Evaluation for Special Education and Related Services The Individualized Education Program Team Assessment Activities Evaluation Process Evaluation Report Re-Evaluation: General Provisions The Individualized Education Program A Historical Prospective: Ongoing Evolution of Individualized Education Programs Summary Questions for Application and Review References Appendix 3 - 1: Example IEPs Chapter 4: Speech-Language Service Delivery Formats Used in Public Schools: Intervention Approaches Related Vocabulary Introduction Selecting Program Formats Self-Contained Program Model Resource Room Model Consultation Model Team Teaching Model Prevention Model Cooperative Learning Team Model Teaming for Reading Model Pull-Out Program Model Computer-Assisted Learning Model Telepractice Model Video Modeling Multimodal Communication Model Selecting the Intervention Approach Summary Questions for Application and Review References Chapter 5: Evidence-Based Practice Related Vocabulary Introduction "Credible Evidence" and "Scientifically Based": What Do These Terms Mean? Criteria for Evaluating the Quality of the Reasoning Ranking the Quality of the Evidence ASHA Initiative ASHA Framework for Assessing Levels of Evidence "Evidence Based" Is More Than Literature Reviews When Is It Advantageous to Examine Levels of Evidence? Challenges State of the Art Specific Evidence of What Works in Speech-Language Intervention Summary Questions for Application and Review References Appendix 5 - 1: Useful Web-Based Resources Chapter 6: Problem Behavior Management and Conflict Resolution Related Vocabulary Introduction Prior, Proper Planning and Proactive Strategies Creating a Culture of Community Physical Considerations Effective Conflict Resolution to Use with Adults Summary Questions for Application and Review References Chapter 7: Cultural Competence in Communication Related Vocabulary Introduction Interview and Case History Assessment Tools New Approaches to Assessment Culture Considerations Related to Intervention Cultural Competence Related to Curriculum Content and Intervention Summary Questions for Application and Review References Chapter 8: Conferencing, Counseling, and Creating a Sense of Community Related Vocabulary Introduction Creating a Positive First Contact Tips and Techniques for Parent-Teacher Conferences and Individualized Education Program Meetings Student Records and Confidentiality Tips and Techniques for Personal Adjustment Counseling Summary Questions for Application and Review References Chapter 9: Oral Language Curriculum Standards Inventory (OL-CSI): An Authentic Assessment Approach for School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists Related Vocabulary Introduction References Appendix 9 - 1: Oral Language Curriculum Standards Inventory (OL-CSI) Index