Transport Across Multi-Membrane Systems

1 - Transport Across Multimembrane Systems.- A. Introduction.- B. Organization of Epithelia.- C. Sodium Entry Coupled with Transport of Organic Substances.- D. Exchange Diffusion and Counter-Transport Systems in Epithelial Transport.- E. Transport of Water.- F. Hormonal Effects on Epithelial Transport.- References.- 2 - Role of Tight Junctions in Epithelial Function.- A. Introduction.- B. Ultrastructure.- C. Epithelial Diversity and the Paracellular Pathway.- D. Molecular Organization.- E. Modification of Tight Junction Permeability.- F. Role of Junctional Permeability in Epithelial Transport.- References.- 3 - Morphological Correlates of Transport.- A. Introduction.- B. The Organization of Cytoplasm.- C. Pericellular Pathways.- D. The Cell Surface.- E. Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 4 - Transport in Giant Plant Cells II - Freshwater Cells.- A. Introduction.- B. Active Transport Processes.- C. Intercellular Transport.- D. Control of Ionic Composition.- E. Excitability of Characean Cells.- References.- 5 - Ion Transport and Turgor Pressure Regulation in Giant Algal Cells.- A. Introduction.- B. Basic Elements of Turgor Regulation.- C. Experimental Methods of Measuring and Controlling Turgor Pressure.- D. Experimental Data on Osmotic Regulation.- E. Cellular Transport Properties Affected by Turgor Pressure.- F. Location and Nature of the Turgor-Pressure Transducer.- G. Relations between Turgor Regulation and other Controlled Processes.- H. Alternative Strategies for Controlling Turgor or Volume.- J. Conclusions and Aims for Future Work.- Acknowledgements.- Note Added in Proof.- References.- 6 - Transport Across Amphibian Skin.- A. Introduction: The Amphibian Skin as Experimental Object.- B. Anatomical Problems.- C. The Outer Barrier.- D. TheTransport Compartment.- E. The Internal Barrier.- F. The Potential Profile.- G. Chloride and Other Anions.- H. Hydrogen Ion Secretion.- J. Aldosterone and Molting.- K. Conclusions.- References.- 7 - Transport Across Amphibian Urinary Bladder.- A. Introduction.- B. Structure as Related to Function.- C. Electrical Properties.- D. Membrane Selectivity.- E. Active Sodium Transport.- F. Movement of Water and Other Nonelectrolytes: Effects of Vasopressing.- G. Effects of Other Hormones.- References.- 8 - Transport Across Insect Excretory Epithelia.- A. Introduction.- B. Malpighian Tubules.- C. Transport Processes in the Hindgut.- D. Transport Processes Important to Excretion in Other Epithelia.- E. Concluding Remarks.- References.- 9 - Transport Across Insect Gut Epithelium.- A. Introduction.- B. Transport of Uncharged Molecules by the Insect Intestine.- C. K-Pump of Cecropia.- D. Lag Time.- E. Uniformity of Gut.- References.- 10 - Transport in Eye Epithelia: The Cornea and Crystalline Lens.- A. Introduction and Morphology.- B. The Cornea.- C. The Crystalline Lens.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 11 - Transport in Eye Epithelia: Ciliary Epithelium and Retina Pigment Epithelium.- A. Introduction.- B. Ciliary Epithelium and Outflow Channels.- C. Retina Pigment Epithelium.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 12 - Ion Transport Across the Choroid Plexus.- A. Introduction.- B. The Experimental Approach.- C. Ion Fluxes Across the Epithelium.- D. Na-K-ATPase and Secretion.- E. The Intracellular Na and K Concentrations.- F. Potassium Transport Across the Apical Membrane.- G. Na and CI Fluxes Across the Apical Membrane.- H. Passive Permeation.- J. A Model for Ion Transport.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 13 - The Sweat Glands.- A. Introduction.- B. The Morphology of theSweat Glands.- C. The Vascularization of the Sweat Glands.- D. Innervation of the Sweat Glands.- E. Number of Sweat Glands.- F. Maximum Rate of Secretion.- G. Rate of Secretion from Individual Glands.- H. Ionic Composition of Sweat in Relation to Secretory Rate.- J. Mechnism of Secretion.- K. The Metabolism of the Sweat Glands.- L. Species Differences in Eccrine Sweat Gland Function.- References.- 14 - The Lacrimal Gland.- A. Introduction.- B. Tears.- C. Structure of the Lacrimal Gland.- D. Innervation of the Lacrimal Gland.- E. Ionic Composition of Lacrimal Gland Secretion in Relation to Secretory Rate.- F. Potassium Transient.- G. Mechanism of Secretion by the Lacrimal Gland.- References.