Sphingolipids and Metabolic Disease (eBook)

Current thinking holds that obesity derives primarily from overnutrition (though compelling arguments for other mechanisms, like endocrine disruption by environmental pollutants, also gain support from the literature). In animals, overnutrition is initially handled by adipose tissue expansion; however, exhaustion of this route of lipid sequestering results in oversupply of lipid to other tissues including skeletal muscle, heart, liver, and others. Failure of these tissues to clear excess lipids through either metabolism or sequestration into putatively inert triacylglycerols results in perturbation of bioactive lipid metabolism in cells. In particular, aberrant generation of bioactive sphingolipids is implicated in a multitude of pathological outcomes of metabolic disease including insulin resistance, inflammation, cardiomyopathy, and others. This volume addresses not only the fundamentals of sphingolipid metabolism and analysis, but also the roles of sphingolipids in these disease processes.

L. Ashley Cowart obtained her BS in Biology in 1995 from Furman University in Greenville, South Carolina, and her PhD in Biochemistry in 2001 from Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennesee. After postdoctoral work in the laboratory of Dr. Yusuf Hannun, she joined the faculty at the Medical University of South Carolina in Charleston, South Carolina, where she currently holds the position of Assistant Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Dr. Cowart's main research focus is the regulation of sphingolipid metabolism in diabetes and obesity and the roles of sphingolipids in pathological outcomes associated with these disorders. In addition to research, she is involved with graduate admissions and education.

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Current thinking holds that obesity derives primarily from overnutrition (though compelling arguments for other mechanisms, like endocrine disruption by environmental pollutants, also gain support from the literature). In animals, overnutrition is initially handled by adipose tissue expansion; however, exhaustion of this route of lipid sequestering results in oversupply of lipid to other tissues including skeletal muscle, heart, liver, and others. Failure of these tissues to clear excess lipids through either metabolism or sequestration into putatively inert triacylglycerols results in perturbation of bioactive lipid metabolism in cells. In particular, aberrant generation of bioactive sphingolipids is implicated in a multitude of pathological outcomes of metabolic disease including insulin resistance, inflammation, cardiomyopathy, and others. This volume addresses not only the fundamentals of sphingolipid metabolism and analysis, but also the roles of sphingolipids in these disease processes.