Basic Guide to Anatomy and Physiology for Dental Care Professionals

How to use this book ix 1 Basic biology overview 1 Definitions 1 Cell biology 1 Basic tissues 3 Organs and systems 11 Disease processes 12 Immunity 15 Anatomical nomenclature 17 2 Cardiovascular system 20 The heart gross anatomy 20 The heart microscopic anatomy 23 The cardiac cycle 23 Blood vessels functions 25 Blood vessels microscopic anatomy 25 Blood composition and functions 29 CVS medical conditions 34 Blood cell disorders 36 CVS medications 37 3 Respiratory system 40 The thoracic cavity gross anatomy 40 The respiratory system gross anatomy 42 Upper respiratory tract microscopic anatomy 43 Lower respiratory tract microscopic anatomy 44 Alveoli microscopic anatomy 44 Gaseous exchange mechanism 45 Breathing mechanism 47 Respiratory medical conditions 49 Respiratory medications 51 4 Digestive system 53 The pharynx gross anatomy 53 The stomach gross anatomy 57 The stomach microscopic anatomy 57 Vomiting 60 The small intestines gross anatomy 60 The small intestines microscopic anatomy 60 The large intestines gross anatomy 61 The large intestines microscopic anatomy 63 Accessory digestive organs 63 Gastrointestinal medical conditions 68 Gastrointestinal medications 73 5 Nervous system 75 Types of nerves 75 The brain and spinal cord gross anatomy 76 The brain microscopic anatomy 79 Information transmission by nerves 80 Nervous system medical conditions 84 Nervous system medications 86 6 Oral embryology and histology 88 Definitions 88 Overview of general embryo development 88 Oral embryology overview 92 Developmental disturbances affecting Lip and palate 98 Developmental disturbances affecting teeth 99 Oral histology oral mucosa 103 Histology of the taste buds and taste sensation 105 7 Skull and oral anatomy 107 Skull anatomy overview 107 Anatomy of the cranium 107 Anatomy of the face 111 Oral anatomy 112 Muscles 123 Nerve supply to the oral cavity 130 Blood supply to the head and neck region 138 8 Tooth anatomy 142 The tooth gross anatomy 142 The tooth microscopic anatomy and histology 143 Dental anatomical nomenclature 148 Tooth morphology and function 149 9 Periodontal anatomy 158 Cementum histology 158 Periodontal ligament histology 159 Gingivae histology 163 Junctional tissues histology 163 Periodontium and disease 165 10 Salivary glands 167 Major salivary glands gross anatomy 167 Major salivary glands microscopic anatomy 168 Functions of saliva 170 Disorders of the salivary glands 170 Index 175