Neuromuscular Junctions in Drosophila (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Neuromuscular Junctions in Drosophila 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 8
Contributors 12
Preface 14
Chapter 1. Early Development of the Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction: A Model for Studying Neuronal Networks in Development 18
I. Introduction 18
II. Neuronal Network Model System 20
III. Principles of Neuronal Network Development 27
IV. Future Challenges 34
V. Conclusions 36
References 36
Chapter 2. Development of Larval Body Wall Muscles 42
I. Introduction 42
II. Origins of Muscle-Forming Cells from Embryonic Mesoderm 44
III. Muscle Specification 47
IV. The General Pathway of Myogenesis 54
V. Conclusions 57
References 57
Chapter 3. Development of Electrical Properties and Synaptic Transmission at the Embryonic Neuromuscular Junction 62
I. Introduction 62
II. Physiological Maturation of Electrical Properties in Embryonic Myotubes 63
III. Glutamate Receptors and Maturation of the Postsynaptic Glutamate-Gated Current in Embryonic Myotubes 67
IV. Neural Induction of Postsynaptic Specialization 70
V. Retrograde Induction of Presynaptic Specialization 72
VI. Physiological Maturation of Synaptic Transmission 74
VII. Development of Synaptic Modulation Properties 77
VIII. Methods for Electrophysiological Assays of the Embryonic Neuromuscular Junction 78
IX. Conclusions and Perspectives 81
References 82
Chapter 4. Ultrastructural Correlates of Neuromuscular Junction Development 86
I. Introduction 86
II. Features and Development of the Junctional Aggregate 88
III. Differentiation of Postsynaptic Specializations 95
IV. Characterization and Development of Presynaptic Specializations 102
References 106
Chapter 5. Assembly and Maturation of the Drosophila Larval Neuromuscular Junction 110
I. Introduction 110
II. A Bit of Anatomy 111
III. A Whirlwind Tour of Development 114
IV. Mechanisms of Synapse Assembly 116
V. Structural Plasticity at the Neuromuscular Junction 123
VI. Concluding Remarks and Future Directions 129
References 130
Chapter 6. Second Messenger Systems Underlying Plasticity at the Neuromuscular Junction 138
I. Introduction 138
II. Short-Term Plasticity 139
III. Neuromodulation 143
IV. Structural Plasticity 146
V. Long-Term Functional Plasticity 150
References 152
Chapter 7. Mechanisms of Neurotransmitter Release 158
I. Introduction 158
II. The SNARE Hypothesis 159
III. Measuring Synaptic Function in Drosophila 163
IV. Mutational Analysis of the SNARE Complex 166
V. Synaptotagmin and Ca2+ Regulation of SNARE Function 169
VI. Additional Components of the Release Apparatus 172
VII. Conclusions 175
References 177
Chapter 8. Vesicle Recycling at the Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction 184
I. Introduction 184
II. Origins of Synaptic Vesicle Recycling Studies in Drosophila 185
III. Molecular and Phenotypic Analysis of shi Mutants 186
IV. Cell Biology of Synaptic Vesicle Recycling in Drosophila 188
V. Molecules Involved in Synaptic Vesicle Recycling 193
VI. Assays for Synaptic Vesicle Recycling in Drosophila 196
VII. Direct and Indirect Effects 204
VIII. Conclusions 205
References 206
Chapter 9. Ionic Currents in Larval Muscles of Drosophila 214
I. Introduction 214
II. Potassium Currents 216
III. Calcium Currents 232
IV. Conclusions 236
References 237
Chapter 10. Development of the Adult Neuromuscular System 244
I. Introduction 244
II. The Adult Musculature 246
III. Motor Neurons 253
IV. Formation of Adult Neuromuscular Junctions 255
V. Functional Development of the Adult Neuromuscular System 258
VI. Conclusions and Perspectives 258
References 260
Chapter 11. Controlling the Motor Neuron 266
I. Introduction 266
II. The Three Reflex Circuits 268
III. Future Analysis Using Intracellular Recordings from Central Neurons 281
IV. Using the GAL4/UAS System to Characterize Neural Circuits Underlying Behavior 282
V. Conclusions 284
References 285
Appendix 290
Index 294
Contents of Recent Volumes 312