Handbook of Communication and Emotion (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Handbook of Communication and Emotion: Research, Theory, Applications, and Contexts 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 6
Contributors 14
Acknowledgments 17
Foreword 18
Part I: Introduction 34
Chapter 1. Communication and Emotion: Basic Concepts and Approaches 36
Affect, Emotion, and Mood 38
Emotional Experience versus Emotional Expression 42
General Approaches to Conceptualizing Emotion 43
Implications 55
Conclusion 56
References 57
Chapter 2. Communicating Emotion in Everyday Life: Cues, Channels, and Processes 62
Research Literature on Emotion Messages 63
Varieties of Cues in Everyday Life 71
Darwin Revisited: Process and Adaptation 75
References 78
Chapter 3. Principles of Communication and Emotion in Social Interaction 82
Principles of Comnmnication and Emotion 82
The Evolution of Emotional Communication 83
The Socialization of Emotional Communication 85
Interpersonal Elicitation of Emotions 90
Interpersonal Schemata and Cognitive Processing 97
Emotions as Interpersonal Conmmnication 106
Patterns of Mutual Influence 115
Conclusion 122
References 122
Part II: The "Dark Side" of Emotions 130
Chapter 4. Strategic Embarrassment" The Culprit of Emotion 132
The Nature of Unintentional Embarrassment 133
Strategic Embarrassment 136
Model of Planned Strategic Embarrassment 138
Conclusion 150
References 151
Chapter 5. Guilt and Hurt: Similarities, Distinctions, and Conversational Strategies 156
Comparing Guilt and Hurt 157
Defining Characteristics of Guilt and Hurt 163
The Elicitation of Guilt and Hurt 170
Responses to Guilt and Hurt 176
Directions for Future Study 177
References 182
Chapter 6. Jealousy Experience and Expression in Romantic Relationships 188
Overview 189
Antecedents of Jealousy Experience and Expression 191
Cognitive and Emotional Components of Jealousy Experience 200
Types, Functions, and Consequences of Conmmnicative Responses to Jealousy 203
Summary and Conclusion 215
References 216
Chapter 7. The Experience and Expression of Anger in Interpersonal Settings 222
Anger in Interpersonal Settings 224
Anger and Aggression 230
Anger-Relevant Responses 236
Conclusion 241
References 242
Chapter 8. Interpersonal Communication Problems Associated with Depression and Loneliness 248
Depression and Interpersonal Interaction 249
Interpersonal R.elationships and Reactions to Depression 250
Social Skills Deficits Associated with Depression 254
Loneliness and Interpersonal Interaction 260
The Relationship between Depression and Loneliness 264
Conclusion 266
References 266
Part III: The "Bright Side" of Emotions 276
Chapter 9. How the Comforting Process Works: Alleviating Emotional Distress through Conversationally Induced Reappraisals 278
Effective Forms of Comforting 279
Emotion and Appraisal 286
Appraisal Theory, Comforting, and Conversation 291
Features of Conversations That Facilitate Reappraisal 296
Conclusion 306
References 308
Chapter 10. When a Friend Is in Need: Feelings about Seeking, Giving,, and Receiving Social Support 314
Sensitive Interaction Systems Theory 315
Seeker's Perspective 317
Supporter Perspective 321
Immediate Emotional Outcomes 326
Long-Term Relationship Outcomes 327
References 331
Chapter 11. The Bright Side of Relational Communication: Interpersonal Warmth as a Social Emotion 336
Interpersonal Warmth 338
Multicomponential Constructs Related to Interpersonal Warmth 339
Communicative Behaviors Related to Interpersonal Warmth 345
The Acceptance of Interpersonally Warm Messages 350
Conclusion 356
References 357
Chapter 12. Loving and Liking 364
Loving and Liking as Emotions 365
Liking 365
Romantic Interest 369
Love 374
Conclusions 380
References 382
Chapter 13. Communication and Sexual Desire 386
Conceptualizing Sexual Desire 387
Biological or Reproductive Perspectives 391
Relational Perspectives 393
Conclusion 403
References 405
Part IV: Applications and Contexts 412
Chapter 14. Emotional Expression in the Deception Process 414
The Nature of Emotions and Emotional Expression 415
Interpersonal Deception Theory 416
Emotion as a Motivator of Deception 418
Emotional Expression during Deceptive Episodes 419
Interpreting Emotional Expression during Interpersonal Deception 427
Summary 430
References 431
Chapter 15. Affect, Persuasion, attd Communication Processes 436
Definitional Issues and General Background 437
Emotion and Persuasion: Explanatory Frameworks 442
Models of "Message-Irrelevant" Effects 445
The Communication of Emotions 447
Directions for Future Research 449
Conclusion 451
References 451
Chapter 16. Fear as Motivator, Fear as Inhibitor: Using the Extended Parallel Process Model to Explain Fear Appeal Successes and Failures 456
The Nature of Fear 457
Historical Origins of.Fear Appeals 457
The Extended Parallel Process Model 461
Distinguishing the Extended Parallel Process Model from Other Fear Appeal Models 473
Research on the Extended Parallel Process Model to Date 475
Future Directions 479
Conclusion 480
References 481
Chapter 17. Cultural Influeuces on Emotional Expression: Implications for Intercultural Communication 484
The Nature of Emotions 485
The Influence of Culture on Emotional Expression and Recognition 485
Cultural Dynamics Affecting Emotion 489
Summary and Conclusion 501
References 502
Chapter 18. Emotion, Attachment, and Satisfaction in Close Relationships 506
General Theories of Emotion in Close Relationships 507
Emotion and Relationship Satisfaction 508
Attachment Style and Emotion 516
Attachment Style, Emotion, and Relationship Satisfaction 519
Study 1: Attachment Style and Emotional Control 520
Study 2: Attachment and the Experience of Affect during Marital Conflict 523
General Discussion 532
References 534
Chapter 19. Communication of Emotions in Friendships 540
Communication of Primary Emotions in Friendships 543
Communication of Mixed Emotions in Friendships 547
Reconsidering the Acceptance–Disgust Dichotomy in Plutchik's Model 552
Dialectics within Plutchik's Model 554
Theoretical hnplications 555
Summary and Concluding Thoughts 557
References 559
Chapter 20. Children's Responses to Emotional Portrayals on Television 566
Developmental Differences in Children's Processing of Television 567
Understanding Emotional Portrayals on Television 570
Learning about Emotions from Television 572
Emotional Reactions to Television 575
Affective Socialization 587
Summary and Implications 591
References 594
Index 604