Health and Modernity (eBook)

David V. McQueen is the Associate Director for Global Health Promotion at the CDC, and the Program Leader for the IUHPE-WHO Global Programme on Health Promotion Effectiveness. He is on the editorial board of the Birkhauser journal Social and Preventive Medicine, and he has co-edited the book Global Behavioural Risk Surveillance for Springer. He is also co-editing Global Perspectives on Health Promotion Effectiveness (to be published in June 2007). His current research interests include: the theoretical foundations of health promotion, nature of evidence and evaluation in health promotion, analytical methods for risk factor surveillance data, new applications of surveillance, and the health implications of urbanization and urban sprawl. Ilona Kickbusch is a private health consultant, and formerly Head of the Division of Global Health at Yale University School of Medicine, in the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health. She joined Yale after a long career with the World Health Organization where she initiated the OTTAWA Charter for Health Promotion and headed a range of innovative programs. She has published widely on the new public health and is the founder and chair of the editorial board of the journal Health Promotion International. She continues to act as an adviser to the World Health Organization and the Pan American Health Organization and a range of foundations, NGOs and the private sector on matters of global health and the development of health promotion. Presently she acts as the senior health advisor to the United Nations Association of the USA’s global health campaign. She has also been designated the distinguished Fulbright New Century Scholars Leader on "Challenges of Health in a Borderless World." She received her Ph.D. in political science at the University of Konstanz, Germany.

Acknowledgments 5
Contents 6
Contributors 8
Introduction 11
1. Why a Book on Theory and Health Promotion? 11
2. Why Should Practitioners Be Interested in This Book? 12
3. Omissions and What Is Not in the Book 13
4. Two Central Assertions or Assumptions of the Authors 14
5. How to Read This Book 14
6. Why No Conclusion 15
References 15
From a Theory Group to a Theory Book 16
1. Introduction 16
2. Background: Quest for Theory 17
3. Who We Are 18
4. Converging Trajectories 19
5. Concluding Comments 21
References 21
Modernity, Public Health, and Health Promotion 22
1. Introduction 22
2. Health Promotion: Neither a Profession Nor a Discipline 23
3. The Third Revolution of Public Health 27
4. Conclusion 29
References 30
Critical Issues in Theory for Health Promotion 31
1. Why Have Theory in Health Promotion? 31
2. The Everyday Practice of Health Promotion as a Challenge to Theory Building 34
3. The Crisis of Identification: What Is in a Name? 36
4. A Rough Interpretation of the History of Health Promotion: Theory and Practice 38
5. Grand Theory Versus Many (Little) Theories 39
6. What Is the Practice of Health Promotion and How Does Practice Relate to Theory? 39
7. Three Critical Conceptual Challenges Over the Past 30 Years, Each With Its Own Peculiar Implications for Theory Building and the Practice of Health Promotion 41
8. Additional Challenges of Gross Phenomena to Health Promotion Theories 43
9. Complexity and Health Promotion Theory 43
10. The Coterminous Dynamic Development of Health Promotion as Part of Larger Forces 46
11. The Growth of Tradition and Ideology 47
12. Theoretical Implications to Be Considered 48
References 49
Cultural Capital in Health Promotion 53
1. Introduction: Health Promotion and the Unequal Production and Distribution of Health 53
2. General Purpose and Aims of the Chapter 54
3. On the Role of Capital for Social Inequality in Health 56
3.1. Economic, Social, and Cultural Capital 57
3.2. Capital, Habitus, and Field 59
4. Cultural Capital: An Introduction 61
4.1. Incorporated Cultural Capital 62
4.2. Objectivized Cultural Capital 63
4.3. Institutionalized Cultural Capital 64
4.4. Interdependence Among the Three States of Cultural Capital 64
4.5. Interdependence Among the Three Types of Capital 65
5. Cultural Capital: Applications in Health Promotion Practice 67
5.1. Example 1: Health Literacy 68
5.2. Example 2: Health Lifestyles 71
6. Summary 75
7. Conclusions: Towards a Theory of Health Promotion and Social Inequality 75
8. Epilogue: Cultural Capital in the Institutionalization of Health Promotion 78
References 81
Understanding Differentiation of Health in Late Modernity by Use of Sociological Systems Theory1 84
1. Introduction: A Systems-Oriented Conceptual Framework for Defining, Observing, and Intervening in Human Health 84
2. Health of Living Systems: A Quality Generated by Reproduction of the Living System in Its Environment 85
2.1. Human Health: Result of the Interplay Between Three Different Systems, Constituting the Human Individual 92
2.2. Summary 95
3. Health in Modernity 95
3.1. Medicine or Care of Ill Health As a Specific Function System in Modern Society 98
3.2. Public Health in Modern Society 101
4. Health in Late Modernity 104
4.1. Health Care for Individuals in Late Modernity 105
4.2. New Public Health in Late Modernity 109
5. Closing Comments 110
References 110
Managing Uncertainty Through Participation 113
1. Introduction 113
2. Public Health and Reflexive Modernity 113
3. Programs as Public Health Practice 117
3.1. Top-Down and Bottom-Up Public Health Programs 118
3.2. The Uncritical Public Health Rhetoric of Participation 121
4. Actor Network Theory and Participation 122
4.1. Programs as Socio Technical Networks 123
4.2. The Four Operations of Translation 124
4.3. Participation as a Multidirectional Translation Process 129
5. Health Promotion Programs, Uncertainty, and Participation 133
6. Conclusion 134
References 135
Thinking Health Promotion Sociologically 139
1. Introduction 139
2. Redefining Modernity 141
3. The Learning Experience: Redefining Education and Learning 142
4. Adult Women and Lifelong Learning 144
5. Daily Practices, Health, and Wellness 145
References 152
Health Governance: The Health Society 154
1. Introduction 154
2. The Beginning: The Enlightenment 156
3. The Modern Governance of Health 157
4. The Expansion of the Territory of Health 160
5. The Expansion of Reflexivity of Health 162
6. Health Promotion: A New Health Governance Map 164
7. The Deterritorialization of Health 166
References 169
Appendix 172
Health Promotion 172
Prerequisites for Health 172
Advocate 173
Enable 173
Mediate 173
Health Promotion Action Means Build Healthy Public Policy 174
Create Supportive Environments 174
Strengthen Community Actions 174
Develop Personal Skills 175
Reorient Health Services 175
Moving into the Future 175
Commitment to Health Promotion 176
Call for International Action 176
Index 177