Embryology at a Glance

Samuel Webster is Lecturer in Anatomy & Embryology at the College of Medicine, Swansea University Rhiannon de Wreede is Honorary Lecturer at the College of Medicine, Swansea University

Preface 6 Acknowledgements 7 List of abbreviations 8 Timeline 9 Part 1 Early development 1 Embryology in medicine 10 2 Language of embryology 12 3 Introduction to development 14 4 Embyonic and foetal periods 16 5 Mitosis 18 6 Meiosis 20 7 Spermatogenesis 22 8 Oogenesis 24 9 Fertilisation 26 10 From zygote to blastocyst 28 11 Implantation 30 12 Placenta 32 13 Gastrulation 34 14 Germ layers 36 15 Neurulation 38 16 Neural crest cells 40 17 Body cavities (embryonic) 42 18 Folding of the embryo 44 19 Segmentation 46 20 Somites 48 Part 2 Systems development 21 Skeletal system (ossification) 50 22 Skeletal system 52 23 Muscular system 54 24 Musculoskeletal system: limbs 56 25 Circulatory system: heart tube 58 26 Circulatory system: heart chambers 60 27 Circulatory system: blood vessels 62 28 Circulatory system: embryonic veins 64 29 Circulatory system: changes at birth 66 30 Respiratory system 68 31 Digestive system: gastrointestinal tract 70 32 Digestive system: associated organs 72 33 Digestive system: congenital anomalies 74 34 Urinary system 76 35 Reproductive system: ducts and genitalia 78 36 Reproductive system: gonads 80 37 Endocrine system 82 38 Head and neck: arch I 84 39 Head and neck: arch II 86 40 Head and neck: arch III 88 41 Head and neck: arches IV VI 90 42 Central nervous system 92 43 Peripheral nervous system 94 44 The ear 96 45 The eye 98 Part 3 Self-assessment MCQs 101 MCQ answers 106 EMQs 107 EMQ answers 108 Glossary 109 Index 114