Nanomedicine

Dr Thomas J. Webster is an associate professor for the Division of Engineering and Department of Orthopaedics at Brown University, USA. He directs the Nanomedicine laboratory which designs, synthesizes, and evaluates nanomaterials for various implant applications and is noted for his work in this area.

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Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomaterials

Dedication

Part I: Materials, properties and considerations

Chapter 1: Introduction to nanomedicine

Abstract:

1.1 Introduction: basic concepts of nanomedicine

1.2 Public perception of nanomedicine

1.3 Scientific principles and applications of nanomedicine

1.4 Future trends in nanomedicine

Chapter 2: Trends in nanomedicine

Abstract:

2.1 Introduction

2.2 The rise of nanomedicine

2.3 Diagnostics and medical records

2.4 Treatment

2.5 Future trends

Chapter 3: Biomedical nanocrystalline metals and alloys: structure, properties and applications

Abstract:

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Synthesis and structure of nanocrystalline metals and alloys

3.3 Properties of nanocrystalline metals and alloys

3.4 Biocompatibility of nanocrystalline metals and alloys

3.5 Applications of nanocrystalline metals and alloys

3.6 Future trends

3.7 Sources of further information and advice

Chapter 4: Nanoporous gold for biomedical applications: structure, properties and applications

Abstract:

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Medical applications

4.3 Biosensor applications

4.4 Alloy formation

4.5 Dealloying of gold–silver alloy

4.6 Mechanical properties of nanoporous gold

4.7 Electronic properties of nanoporous gold

4.8 Conclusions

Chapter 5: Hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings for biomaterials

Abstract:

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings

5.3 HA coatings by plasma spraying

5.4 Properties of plasma-sprayed coatings

5.5 Biomimetic HA coatings

5.6 HA coatings by sol-gel deposition

5.7 Miscellaneous deposition techniques for HA coatings

5.8 Conclusions

5.9 Future trends

5.10 Acknowledgement

Part II: Nanomedicine for therapeutics and imaging

Chapter 6: Calcium phosphate-coated magnetic nanoparticles for treating bone diseases

Abstract:

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticle synthesis

6.3 Surface modification of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles

6.4 Characterization of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles

6.5 Biological applications of magnetic nanoparticles

6.6 Conclusions

6.7 Future trends

Chapter 7: Orthopedic carbon nanotube biosensors for controlled drug delivery

Abstract:

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Carbon nanotubes for electrochemical biosensing

7.3 Carbon nanotube-based in situ orthopedic implant sensors

7.4 Electrically controlled drug-delivery systems for infection and inflammation

7.5 Critical issues in developing in situ orthopedic implantable sensors and devices

7.6 Conclusions

Chapter 8: Nanostructured selenium anti-cancer coatings for orthopedic applications

Abstract:

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Selenium as an anti-cancer implant material

8.3 Nanostructured selenium coatings: a novel approach of using selenium to create anti-cancer biomaterials

8.4 In vitro biological assays for uncoated and selenium-coated metallic substrates

8.5 The effectiveness of titanium and stainless steel substrates

8.6 Coarse-grained Monte Carlo computer simulation of fibronectin adsorption on nanometer rough surfaces

8.7 Conclusions

Chapter 9: Nanoparticulate targeted drug delivery using peptides and proteins

Abstract:

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Peptides and proteins for targeted drug delivery

9.3 Drug-peptide conjugates

9.4 Peptide-functionalized drug delivery systems

9.5 Peptide-targeted drug delivery across the intestine

9.6 Peptide-targeted drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB)

9.7 Peptide-targeted drug delivery for cancer applications

9.8 Peptide-targeted drug delivery for the liver

9.9 Conclusions and future trends

Chapter 10: Nanotechnology for DNA and RNA delivery

Abstract:

10.1 Introduction to DNA and RNA delivery

10.2 Advanced DNA/RNA delivery approaches in nanotechnology

10.3 Nanomaterial applications for DNA/RNA delivery

10.4 Novel vaccines

10.5 Molecular probes and images

10.6 Conclusions and future trends

Chapter 11: Gold nanoshells for imaging and photothermal ablation of cancer

Abstract:

11.1 Introduction

11.2 The impact of cancer

11.3 Cancer biology

11.4 Nanotechnology and cancer treatment

11.5 Nanoshells

11.6 Conclusions and future trends

11.7 Sources of further information and advice

11.8 Acknowledgments

Chapter 12: Microfluidics for testing and delivering nanomedicine

Abstract:

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Microfluidics

12.3 Testing of nanomedicine with microfluidic instruments

12.4 Delivery of nanomedicine using microfluidic technology

12.5 Nanoparticles

12.6 Conclusions and future trends

Chapter 13: Zinc oxide nanowires for biomedical sensing and analysis

Abstract:

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Electrode growth and preparation

13.3 Sensors and functionalization

13.4 Measurement and results

13.5 Conclusions

Part III: Nanomedicine for soft tissue engineering

Chapter 14: Nanotechnology and tissue-engineered organ regeneration

Abstract:

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Nanotechnology and tissue engineering

14.3 Nanotechnology and organ regeneration

14.4 Future trends and challenges

Chapter 15: Rapid fabrication of biomimetic nanofiber-enabled skin grafts

Abstract:

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Autologous skin tissue engineering for wound healing

15.3 The effects of microenvironment on the formation of skin substitute

15.4 Production of biomimetic nanofibers using electrostatic spinning

15.5 Layer-by-layer assembly of cells into 3-D constructs using electrospun nanofibers

15.6 Rapid formation of skin grafts using the nanofiber-enabled cell-layering approach

15.7 Future trends and challenges

15.8 Conclusion

15.9 Acknowledgment

Chapter 16: Nanotubes for tissue engineering

Abstract:

16.1 Introduction

16.2 Nanotubes for tissue engineering

16.3 Nanotube applications in tissue engineering

16.4 Nanotubes and their effects

16.5 Conclusions

Chapter 17: Self-assembled nanomaterials for tissue-engineering applications

Abstract:

17.1 Introduction

17.2 Peptide-based self-assembled nanomaterials

17.3 Applications of peptide-based materials in tissue engineering

17.4 Nucleic acid-based nanomaterials

17.5 Applications of rosette nanotubes (RNTs) in bone and cartilage tissue engineering

Part IV: Nanomedicine for bone and cartilage tissue engineering

Chapter 18: Electrically active biocomposites as smart scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Abstract:

18.1 Introduction

18.2 Composition and electrical properties of natural bone

18.3 Effect of an external E-field on cells

18.4 Development of hydroxyapatite (HA)-based bone replacement materials

18.5 Conclusions

18.6 Acknowledgement

Chapter 19: Nanotechnology for cartilage and bone regeneration

Abstract:

19.1 Introduction

19.2 Cartilage repair and regeneration

19.3 Bone repair and regeneration

19.4 Future trends and conclusions

Chapter 20: Nanostructured materials for bone tissue replacement

Abstract:

20.1 Introduction

20.2 The need for nano-engineered bone

20.3 Surface properties of orthopedic materials

20.4 Nano coating on conventional surfaces

20.5 Nanomaterials for orthopedic tissue engineering

20.6 Future trends and ethical concerns

20.7 Conclusions

Chapter 21: Nanocomposites for cartilage regeneration

Abstract:

21.1 Introduction

21.2 Design criteria and considerations for cartilage biomaterials

21.3 Biomaterials for cartilage regeneration

21.4 Scaffold fabrication

21.5 Conclusions and future trends

Index