Essentials of Nuclear Medicine Physics and Instrumentation

Rachel A. Powsner, MD, is Head of the Nuclear Medicine Section at the Veterans Administration Boston Healthcare System, and an Associate Professor of Radiology at Boston University. She is a practicing nuclear medicine physician, radiology faculty member at Boston University, and an author of the first two editions of this text. Matthew R. Palmer, PhD, is the Nuclear Medicine Physicist at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Assistant Professor of Radiology at Harvard Medical School in Boston, where he teaches in the nuclear medicine residency training program. Dr. Palmer is a welcome addition to the author team for the third edition of this book. Edward R. Powsner, MD, is Former Chief of the Nuclear Medicine Service at the Veterans Administration Hospital in Ann Arbor, Michigan, where he is also Emeritus Professor and Associate Chairman, Department of Pathology, at Michigan State University. He is Former Chair of the Joint Review Committee for Educational Nuclear Medicine Technology and was a member of the American Board of Nuclear Medicine.

Preface vii Acknowledgements viii 1. Basic Nuclear Medicine Physics 1 2. Interaction of Radiation with Matter 21 3. Formation of Radionuclides 32 4. Non-scintillation Detectors 41 5. Scintillation Detectors 60 6. Imaging Instrumentation 73 7. Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography 91 8. Positron Emission Tomography 103 9. X-Ray Computed Tomography 119 10. Hybrid Imaging Systems: PET/CT and SPECT/CT 129 11. Image Reconstruction, Processing, and Display 134 12. Information Technology 161 13. Quality Control 168 14. Radiation Biology 185 15. Radiation Dosimetry 197 16. Radiation Safety 205 17. Management of Nuclear Event Casualties 212 Kevin Donohoe, MD Appendix A: Common Radionuclides 224 Appendix B: Major Dosimetry for Common Radiopharmaceuticals 225 Appendix C: Sample Calculations for the S Value 226 Appendix D: Guide to Nuclear Regulatory Commission Publications 228 Appendix E: Recommended Reading by Topic 231 Index 232