Radiopharmaceuticals for Positron Emission Tomography, Volume 1

Peter J. H. Scott is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Radiology at the University of Michigan Medical School. Dr. Scott edited Linker Strategies in Solid-phase Organic Synthesis (also from Wiley) and is the series editor for the Wiley Series on Solid Phase Organic Syntheses. Brian G. Hockley is Radiopharmaceutical Quality Manager at the University of Michigan Medical School, where he works with Michael Kilbourn on radiopharmaceutical research and development. Mr. Hockley has co-authored several articles and a chapter in Linker Strategies in Solid-phase Organic Synthesis (also from Wiley).

Contributors ix

Foreword xvii

Preface xix

Abbreviations xxi

Part I Fluorine-18 Labeled Radiopharmaceuticals 1

1. Synthesis of [18F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) 3
Michelle L. Richards and Peter J. H. Scott

2. Synthesis of Sodium [18F]Fluoride (Na[18F]F) 15
Brian G. Hockley and Peter J. H. Scott

3. Radiosynthesis of 3_-Deoxy-3_-[18F]Fluorothymidine ([18F]FLT) 21
Hartmuth C. Kolb, Henry C. Padgett, Steve Zigler, Jim Patanella, Fanrong Mu, Umesh B. Gangadharmath, Vani P. Mocharla, Peter J. H. Scott, and Joseph C. Walsh

4. Synthesis of [18F]Fluoroazomycin Arabinoside ([18F]FAZA) 31
Brian G. Hockley and Peter J. H. Scott

5. Synthesis of [18F]Fluoromisonidazole (1-(2-Hydroxy-3-[18F]Fluoropropyl)-2-Nitroimidazole, [18F]FMISO) 41
Patrick J. Riss, Valentina Ferrari, Robert Bielik, Roberto Canales-Candela, Rob Smith, and Franklin I. Aigbirhio

6. Synthesis of [18F]FPPRGD2 51
Shuanglong Liu, Frederick T. Chin, Zhen Cheng, and Xiaoyuan Chen

7. Synthesis of [18F]Fluorocholine ([18F]FCH) 61
David Kryza

8. Clinical Manufacturing of [18F]-16-α-Fluoroestradiol ([18F]FES) 69
Piyush Kumar and John R. Mercer

9. Synthesis of N-Succinimidyl 4-[18F]Fluorobenzoate ([18F]SFB) 81
Xia Shao

10. Synthesis of 4-(2_-Methoxyphenyl)-1-[2_-(N-2__Pyridinyl)-p-[18F]Fluorobenzamido]Ethylpiperazine [18F]MPPF 87
Marion Alvarez and Didier Le Bars

11. Synthesis of [18F]-Fallypride 95
Laurent Brichard, Valentina Ferrari, Rob Smith, and Franklin I. Aigbirhio

12. Synthesis of [18F]Fluoroethyltyrosine (18F-FET) 103
Yi Zhao, Amar Alfteimi, and Maaz Zuhayra

13. Synthesis of [18F]Flumazenil ([18F]FZ) 111
Ralf Schirrmacher, Alexey Kostikov, Gassan Massaweh, Miriam Kovacevic, Carmen Wängler, and Alexander Thiel

14. Synthesis of 6-[18F]Fluorodopamine (6-[18F]FDA) 125
Michael A. Channing, John L. Musachio, and Jozef J. Kusmierz

15. Synthesis of 2-([18F]Fluoro)-3-[(2S)-2-Azetidinylmethoxy]Pyridine ([18F]2FA) 139
Hayden T. Ravert, Daniel P. Holt, and Robert F. Dannals

16. Synthesis of [18F]-Substance-P Antagonist-Receptor Quantifier ([18F]SPA-RQ) 155
Sofie Celen, Kim Serdons, Tjibbe de Groot, Terence G. Hamill, and Guy Bormans

Part II Carbon-11 Labeled Radiopharmaceuticals 167

17. Synthesis of [11C]Choline Chloride ([11C]CHL) 169
Brian G. Hockley, Bradford Henderson, and Xia Shao

18. Synthesis of 2-(4-N-[11C]Methylaminophenyl)-6-Hydroxybenzothiazole ([11C]6-OH-BTA-1; [11C]PIB) 177
Cécile Philippe, Markus Mitterhauser, and Wolfgang Wadsak

19. Synthesis of [11C]-meta-Hydroxyephedrine ([11C]MHED) 191
Filippo Lodi, Assunta Carpinelli, Claudio Malizia, and Stefano Boschi

20. Synthesis of l-[methyl-11C]Methionine ([11C]MET) 199
Amy L. Vāvere and Scott E. Snyder

21. Synthesis of (+)-α-[11C]Dihydrotetrabenazine ([11C]DTBZ) 213
Michael R. Kilbourn

22. Synthesis of [11C]Flumazenil([11C]FMZ) 221
Roberto Canales-Candela, Patrick J. Riss, and Franklin I. Aigbirhio

23. Synthesis of [11C]Hexadecanoic Acid ([11C]Palmitic Acid) 233
Adam C. Runkle, Xia Shao, and Peter J. H. Scott

24. Synthesis of O-methyl-11C]Metomidate ([11C]-MTO) 245
István Boros and Franklin I. Aigbirhio

25. Synthesis of [11C]Carfentanil ([11C]CFN) 257
Louis Tluczek and Xia Shao

26. Synthesis of [carbonyl-11C]Way-100635 265
Jan D. Andersson, Sangram Nag, Raisa N. Krasikova, Victor W. Pike, and Christer Halldin

27. Synthesis of [11C]Raclopride 275
Xia Shao

28. Synthesis of 3-Amino-4-[2-(N-Methyl-N-[11C]Methyl-Amino-Methyl)Phenylsulfanyl]-Benzonitrile ([11C]Dasb) 285
Daniela Haeusler, Markus Mitterhauser, and Wolfgang Wadsak

29. Synthesis of [11C] Acetate 297
Filippo Lodi, Claudio Malizia, and Stefano Boschi

30. Synthesis of N-(2-[11C]Methoxybenzyl)-N-(4-Phenoxypyridin-3-yl)Acetamide ([11C]PBR28) 305
Qi-Huang Zheng, Min Wang, and Bruce H. Mock

Part III Other Radiopharmaceuticals 313

31. Synthesis of [13N]Ammonia ([13N]NH3) 315
Peter J. H. Scott

32. Synthesis of [68GA]Gallium Dota-(TYR3)-Octreotide Acetate ([68GA]-Dotatoc) 321
Harald Eidherr, Friedrich Girschele, Markus Mitterhauser, and Wolfgang Wadsak

Appendix 1 Supplier Information 335

Index 339