Principles and Protocols

Introduction: approach to the diagnosis and management of on-call problems; documentation of on-call problems; assessment and management of volume status; AIDS and the house officer. Patient related problems - the common calls: abdominal pain; chest pain; combativeness - the put of control patient; confusion/decreased level of consciousness; decreased urine output; diarrhoea; fall-out-of-bed; fever; gastrointestinal bleeding; headache; heart rate and rhythm disorders; high blood pressure; hypnotics, laxatives,a analgesics, and antipyretics; hypotension and shock; leg pain; lines, tubes, and drains; polyuria frequency incontinence; pronouncing death; seizures; shortness of breath; skin rashes and urticaria; syncope; transfusion and reactions. Laboratory related problems - the common calls: acid-base disorders; anaemia; calcium disorders; coagulation disorders; glucose disorders; potassium disorders; sodium disorders.