Emergency Medicine

Anthony F. T. Brown MB ChB, FRCP, FRCS(Ed), FACEM, FCEM, Professor, Discipline of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane Senior Staff Specialist, Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane Mike Cadogan MA(Oxon), MB ChB (Ed), FACEM, Staff Specialist in Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth

Section I CRITICAL CARE EMERGENCIES
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Acute Upper Airway Obstruction
Shocked Patient
Unconscious Patient
Anaphylaxis
Severe Head Injury
Critical-Care Areas Drug Infusion Guideline



Section II GENERAL MEDICAL EMERGENCIES
Chest Pain
Cardiac Arrhythmias
Breathless Patient
Upper Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage
Diabetic Coma and Pre-coma
Altered Conscious Level
Acute Neurological Conditions
Headache
Acute Arthropathy
Allergic or Immunological Conditions
Skin Disorders
Elderly Patient
Further Reading



Section III ACID-BASE, ELECTROLYTE AND RENAL EMERGENCIES
Acid-Base Disturbances
Electrolyte Disorders
Acute Renal Failure
Further Reading



Section IV INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND FOREIGN TRAVEL EMERGENCIES
Febrile Neutropenic Patient
Hepatitis
Gastrointestinal Tract Infection
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Needlestick and Sharps Incidents
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection
Tuberculosis
Bites with Rabies or other Lyssavirus Risk
Common Imported Diseases of Travelers
Pandemic Influenza
Further Reading



Section V TOXICOLOGY
Acute Poisoning: General Principles
Specific Poisons
Chemical Burns
Further Reading



Section VI TOXINOLOGY EMERGENCIES
Snake Bites
Spider Bites
Marine Envenomation
Bee and Wasp Stings
Further Reading



Section VII ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCIES
Heat, Cold and Drowning
Sports-Diving Accidents
Electrical Burns, Electrocution and Lightning Strike
Further Reading



Section VIII SURGICAL EMERGENCIES
Multiple Injuries
Head and Facial Injuries
Neck Injuries
Chest Injuries
Abdominal and Pelvic Trauma
Additional Orthopaedic Injuries in Multiple Trauma
Head Injury
Burns
Acute Abdomen
Further Reading



Section IX ORTHOPAEDIC EMERGENCIES
Injuries to the Shoulder and Upper Arm
Injuries to the Elbow and Forearm
Injuries to the Wrist and Hand
Cervical Spine Injuries
Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Injuries
Pelvic Injuries
Injuries to the Hip and Upper Femur
Injuries to the Lower Femur, Knee and Upper Tibia
Injuries to the Lower Tibia, Ankle and Foot
Further Reading



Section X MUSCULOSKELETAL AND SOFT-TISSUE EMERGENCIES
Soft-Tissue Injuries
Non-articular Rheumatism
Back Pain
Further Reading



Section XI PAEDIATRIC EMERGENCIES
General Assessment
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Breathless Child
Stridor
Abdominal Pain, Diarrhoea and Vomiting
Febrile Child
Seizures and Febrile Convulsions
Acute Poisoning
Limping Child
Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy (SUDI)
Child Abuse (Non-accidental Injury)
Further Reading



Section XII OBSTETRIC AND GYNAECOLOGICAL EMERGENCIES
Gynaecological Assessment and Management
Gynaecological Causes of Acute Abdominal Pain
Bleeding in Early Pregnancy
Conditions in Late Pregnancy
Women's Medicine Crises
Further Reading



Section XIII ENT EMERGENCIES
Traumatic Conditions of the Ear
Non-traumatic Conditions of the Ear
Traumatic Conditions of the Nose
Non-traumatic Conditions of the Nose
Traumatic Conditions of the Throat
Non-traumatic Conditions of the Throat
Further Reading



Section XIV OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCIES
Visual Acuity
Topical Ophthalmic Preparations
Traumatic Conditions of the Eye
Conditions Affecting the Eyelids
Painful, Red Eye
Sudden Loss of Vision in the Uninflamed Eye
Further Reading



Section XV MAXILLOFACIAL AND DENTAL EMERGENCIES
Traumatic Conditions of the Face and Mouth
Non-traumatic Conditions of the Mouth
Further Reading



Section XVI PSYCHIATRIC EMERGENCIES
Deliberate Self-harm
Violent Patient
Alcohol and Drug Dependency and Abuse
Involuntary Detention
Further Reading



Section XVII ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL ISSUES
Desirable Habits of the Good Emergency Department Doctor
Triage
Consent, Competence and Refusal of Treatment
Police, Coroner and Attending Court
Retrieval and Inter-hospital Transfer
Mass Casualty Disaster and the Major Incident
Further Reading



Section XVIII PRACTICAL PROCEDURES
Endotracheal Intubation
Rapid Sequence Induction (RSI) Intubation
Cricothyrotomy
Needle Thoracentesis
Intercostal Catheter Insertion
DC Cardioversion
Pericardial Aspiration
Central Line Insertion
Intraosseous Line Insertion
Lumbar Puncture
Indwelling Urethral Catheter Insertion
Nasogastric Tube Insertion
Bier’s Intravenous Regional Block
Femoral Nerve Block
Digital Nerve Ring Block
Knee Aspiration