Promises and Limits of Reductionism in the Biomedical Sciences

David L. Hull has been teaching philosophy of biology for almost forty years. He received his PhD from the Department of History and Philosophy of Science at Indiana University and has taught at the University of Wisconisn-Milwuaukee and Northwestern University. He has published a dozen books and anthologies and over a hundred papers. He is past president of the Philosophy of Science Association, The Society for Systematic Zoology and the International Society for the History, Philosophy and Social Studies of Biology. He is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Marc Van Regenmortel was for 20 years Director of the Immunochemistry Laboratory at the CNRS Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, in Strasbourg, France. Educated in Brussels, Belgium, he received his PhD degree (1961) in Virology from the University of Cape Town, South Africa and held professorship appointments at several Universities in South Africa and France. The author or editor of 14 books in virology and immunochemistry, he has published over 350 scientific papers and reviews. He is Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Molecular Recognition and of Archives of Virology, an Executive Editor of Analytical Biochemistry and serves on the editorial boards of seven other journals. He was for nine years (1990-1999) Secretary General of the International Union of Microbiological Societies and for three years (1987-1990) Chairman of its Virology Division. He is since 1996 the President of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.

Preface Contributors About the Editors Introduction (D.L. Hull and M.H.V. Van Regenmortel) Emergent Properties of Biological Molecules and Cells (R. P. J. Williams) From Nineteenth Century Ideas on Reduction in Physiology to Non-reductive Explanations in Twentieth Century Biochemistry (C. Debru) Pitfalls of Reductionism in Immunology (M. H. V. Van Regenmortel) Reductionism in Medicine: Social Aspects of Health (E.A. Lloyd) 'Who's Afraid of Reductionism?' 'I am!' (S. Shostak) Round Table Discussion 1 (Chair: A. Rosenberg) Reductionism in a Historical Science (A. Rosenberg) Varieties of Reductionism: Derivation and Gene Selection (D. L. Hull) The Gene: Between Holism and Reductionism (M. Morange) Genes versus Molecules: How to, and How Not To, Be a Reductionist (S. Sarak) Limits on Reproduction: A Reductionist Research Strategy in Evolutionary Biology (J. Griesemer) Evolutionary Psychology: A Case Study in the Poverty of Genetic Determinism (J. Dupre) Round Table Discussion 2 (Chair: M.H.V. Van Regenmortel) The Ethical Imperative of Holism in Medicine (A. Tauber) Levels of Explanation in Human Behaviour: the Poverty of Evolutionary Psychology (S. P. R. Rose) Reductionism and Social Policy (D. Nelkin) Reductionism, Complexity and Molecular Medicine: Genetic Chips and the 'Globalization' of the Genome (K. Schaffner) Round Table Discussion 3 (Chair: K.F. Schaffner) Bibliography Index