Emergency Surgery

Adam Brooks, FRCS (Gen Surg), DMCC Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust and Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham Bryan A. Cotton, MD, MPH The University of Texas Health Science Center Lt Col Nigel Tai, MS, FRCS (Gen Surg), RAMC Royal London Hospital and Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham Col Peter F. Mahoney, OBE, TD, MSc, FRCA, RAMC RCDM Birmingham Research Associate Editor: David J. Humes, BSc, MBBS, MRCS Lecturer in Surgery, University of Nottingham

List of Contributors vii

Part 1 Approach

1 The Initial Approach to the Emergency Surgery Patient 3
Adam Brooks & J. Alastair D. Simpson

2 Preoperative Considerations 6
Paul Wood

3 Emergency Anaesthesia 14
Giles R. Nordmann

4 Analgesia 20
Jeff L. Tong

Part 2 Abdomen

5 Acute Appendicitis 29
Tom Palser, David J. Humes & Adam Brooks

6 Colonic Diverticulosis 34
David Luke & Douglas M. Bowley

7 Biliary Colic and Acute Cholecystitis 40
Tom Palser & Mark Taylor

8 Perforated Peptic Ulcer 43
A. Morris & Mark J. Midwinter

9 Fulminant Colitis 46
Deborah Nicol & Richard L. Wolverson

10 Mesenteric Ischaemia 50
Justin Manley & Tracy R. Bilski

11 Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage 56
John S. Hammond

12 Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding 61
J. Alastair D. Simpson

13 Acute Pancreatitis 67
Euan J. Dickson, Colin J. McKay & C. Ross Carter

14 Small Bowel Obstruction 74
J. Edward F. Fitzgerald

15 Surgical Jaundice and Cholangitis 80
John S. Hammond & Ian Beckingham

16 Large Bowel Obstruction 86
Igor V. Voskresensky & Bryan A. Cotton

17 Emergency Surgical Management of Herniae 92
John Simpson & David J. Humes

Part 3 Vascular

18 Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm 101
Ross Davenport & Nigel Tai

19 Acute Limb Ischaemia 106
Matthew Button & Nigel Tai

Part 4 Soft Tissue Infection

20 Superficial Sepsis Cutaneous Abscess and Necrotising Fasciitis 115
Conor D. Marron

Part 5 Urology

21 Emergency Urology 127
Thomas J. Walton & Gurminder S. Mann

Part 6 Trauma

22 Abdominal Trauma: Evaluation and Decision Making 139
Lesly A. Dossett & Bryan A. Cotton

23 Thoracic Trauma: Evaluation and Decision Making 145
Stella R. Smith, Thomas König & Nigel Tai

24 Vascular Trauma 153
Nigel Tai & Nora Brennan

25 Damage Control Surgery 161
Timothy C. Nunez, Igor V. Voskresensky & Bryan A. Cotton

26 Trauma Laparotomy 169
Victor Zaydfudim & Bryan A. Cotton

27 Operative Management of Thoracic Trauma 180
Thomas König & Nigel Tai

28 Abdominal Trauma: Operative and Non-Operative Management 185
Roland A. Hernández, Aviram M. Giladi & Bryan A. Cotton

Part 7 Critical Care

29 Critical Care 195
Andrew McDonald Johnston

30 Postoperative Complications 203
Abeed Chowdhury & Adam Brooks

Index 213