Anterior Segment Diseases

Arturo Perez Arteaga, MD, Medical Director, Centro Oftalmologico, Tlalnepantla, Mexico Ashok Sharma, MD Director, Cornea Centre, Chandigarh Medical Director, City Eye Bank Chandigarh, India

1. Congenital Anomalies of the Anterior Segment ...................................... 1Hala M Elhilaly, Rania El Essawy, Hoda M Mostafa (Egypt)2. Developmental Abnormalities ................................................................. 19Arturo Perez Arteaga (Mexico)• Axenfeld Rieger Syndrome 20• Peters Anomaly 22• Aniridia 263. Conjunctival Disorders .............................................................................. 29Arturo Perez Arteaga (Mexico)• Infectious Diseases 30– Trachoma 30– Bacterial Conjunctivitis 34– Adenoviral Keratoconjunctivitis 38– Chlamydial Conjunctivitis 40• Inflammatory Diseases 44– Allergic conjunctivitis 44– Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis 46– Vernal Conjunctivitis 50– Atopic Conjunctivitis 52– Ocular Cicatricial Pemphigoid 56– Stevens-Johnson Syndrome 60– Superior Limbic Keratoconjunctivitis 64– Phlyctenular Conjunctivitis 68• Neoplastic Disorders 72– Lymphoma 72– Conjunctival Nevus 74– Conjunctival Intraepithelial Neoplasia 76– Squamous Cell Carcinoma 78– Primary Acquired Melanosis of the Conjunctiva 82– Conjunctival Melanoma 84– Limbal Dermoid 88• Degenerations 90– Pingueculae 90– Pterygium 92– Conjunctivochalasis 94xiv Anterior Segment Diseases4. Episclera and Sclera ................................................................................... 97Arturo Perez Arteaga (Mexico)5. Corneal Disorders ..................................................................................... 103Ashok Sharma (India)• Infections 104– Bacterial Keratitis 104– Fungal Keratitis 106– Herpes Simplex Keratitis 110– Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus 112– Acanthamoeba Keratitis 114– Atypical Mycobacterium Keratitis 116– Nocardia Keratitis 118• Inflammations 120– Marginal Keratitis 120– Vernal Conjunctivitis 122– Vernal Ulcer 126– Vitamin A Deficiency 128– Corneal Edema 132– Numular Corneal Opacities 136– Dry Eyes 136– Meibomian Gland Disease 140– Neurotrophic Keratitis 142– Ocular Surface Disease and Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency 144– Currents in Surgical Management of Ocular Surface Disease 150– Mooren’s Ulcer 160– Peripheral Ulcerative Keratitis 162• Corneal Injuries 166– Management of Corneal Injuries 166– Management of Blunt Trauma of Anterior Segment 172– Acute Chemical Eye Injury 182• Non-inflammatory Degenerations 188– Corneal Degenerations 188– Pellucid Marginal Corneal Degeneration 192– Terrien’s Marginal Degeneration 192– Salzmann’s Nodular Degeneration 194– Climatic Droplet Keratopathy 196• Corneal Dystrophies 200– Anterior Corneal Dystrophies 202– Stromal Corneal Dystrophies 206– Endothelial Dystrophies 208– Congenital Corneal Dystrophies 209Contents6. Iris and Ciliary Body ................................................................................. 213Arturo Perez Arteaga (Mexico)• Idiopathic Iritis 214• Sarcoidosis 216• Fuchs Heterochromic Iridocyclitis 218• Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis 2217. Tear Film Disorders .................................................................................. 223• Pathophysiology of Tear Film 224Ashok Garg (India)• Diagnostic Tests and Principles in Dry Eye Syndrome 254David Meyer (South Africa)• Blepharitis and Meibomianitis 270Henry D Perry, Eric D Donnenfeld (USA)• Dry Eye after Refractive Surgery 274Belquiz A Nassaralla, João J Nassaralla (Brazil)• Computer Vision Syndrome and Dry Eye 280Ashok Garg (India)• Pediatric Dry Eye 286John D Sheppard (USA)8. Hyphema.................................................................................................... 297Earl R Crouch, Eric Crouch (USA)9. Pediatric Iris Abnormalities .................................................................... 307Arif Adenwala (UAE), Mahesh Dalvi (India)10. Anterior Segment Tumors ....................................................................... 319Flavio A Marigo, Paul T Finger (USA)11. Keratoplasty ............................................................................................... 347• Pediatric Keratoplasty 348Anita Panda, Geeta Behera, Abhiyan Kumar (India)• Evolution of Keratoplasty through Centuries 374Anita Panda, Sandeep Kumar, Shibal Bhartiya , Abhiyan Kumar (India)• Current Concepts in Pediatric Corneal Transplant Surgery 408Ashok Sharma (India)Index 429xv