Solaris 10 System Administration Exam Prep 2

Bill Calkins is owner and president of Pyramid Consulting, a computer training and consulting firm specializing in the implementation and administration of Open Systems. He also is the owner of www.UnixEd.com, a web site that provides online UNIX training materials. Bill has more than 20 years of experience in UNIX system administration, consulting, and training at more than 100 different companies. He has authored several UNIX textbooks, which are currently best sellers and used by universities and training organizations worldwide, including the Solaris System 9 Systems Administrator Training Guide from Exam Cram.

Solaris 10 System Administration Exam Prep (CX-310-200 & CX-310-202)Table of Contents



Introduction


How This Book Helps You
Conventions Used in This Book
Audience
The Sun Certified System Administrator Exams
Exam CX-310-200

Manage File Systems
Install Software
Perform System Boot Procedures
Perform User and Security Administration
Manage Network Printers and System Processes
Perform System Backups and Restores


Exam CX-310-202

Describe Network Basics
Manage Virtual File Systems and Core Dumps
Manage Storage Volumes
Control Access and Configure System Messaging
Set Up Naming Services
Solaris Zones
Perform Advanced Installation Procedures


Exam CX-310-203 (Solaris 10 Upgrade Exam)
Summary
Advice on Taking the Exam



Study and Exam Prep Tips


Learning as a Process
Study Tips

Study Strategies
Pre-Testing Yourself


Exam Prep Tips

Putting It All Together





Part I: Exam Preparation



Chapter One: Managing File Systems


Introduction
Device Drivers
Physical Device Name
Device Autoconfiguration
USB Devices
Instance Names
Major and Minor Device Numbers
Logical Device Name

Block and Raw Devices


A File System Defined
Defining a Disk's Geometry

Disk Controllers
Defect List
Disk Labels
Partition Tables


Solaris File System Types

Disk-Based File Systems
Network-Based File Systems
Virtual File Systems


Disk Slices

Displaying Disk Configuration Information
Using the format Utility to Create Slices
The Free Hog Slice
Using the format Utility to Modify Partitions
Using the Solaris Management Console Disks Tool
Recovering Disk Partition Information
Logical Volumes


Parts of a UFS
The Root (/) File System

Soft (Symbolic) Links
Hard Links
Removing a Link


Components of the UFS

The Boot Block
The Superblock
Cylinder Groups
The inode
The Storage Block
Free Blocks


Creating a UFS
Understanding Custom File System Parameters

Logical Block Size
Fragment Size
Minimum Free Space
Optimization Type
Number of inodes and Bytes per inode
The mkfs Command
The fstyp Command


File System Operations

Synchronizing a File System
Repairing File Systems
The labelit Command
The volcopy Command


Tuning File Systems
Mounting File Systems

Mounting a File System with Large Files
Mounting a File System with UFS Logging Enabled


Unmounting a File System

The fuser Command
/etc/mnttab


Volume Management

Using Volume Management
Troubleshooting Volume Manager
Displaying a File System's Disk Space Usage
Displaying Directory Size Information


Information on File Systems

Controlling User Disk Space Usage
The quot Command


Summary

Exercises
Exam Questions
Answers to Review Questions


Suggested Readings and Resources



Chapter Two: Installing the Solaris 10 Operating Environment


Introduction
Installing the Solaris 10 Software
Requirements and Preparation for Installing the Solaris 10 Software

Minimum System Requirements


Software Terminology

Software Packages
Software Groups
Solaris Media
System Configuration to Be Installed


Disk Storage

Basic Considerations for Planning Partition (Slice) Sizes
Slice Arrangements on Multiple Disks


Methods of Installing the Solaris 10 Software

Solaris Interactive Installation
JumpStart
Custom JumpStart
Solaris Flash Archives
WAN Boot
Solaris Live Upgrade


Upgrading the Operating System
The Solaris Installation Prechecklist

Using the Interactive Installation Process (suninstall)
Configuring Power Management


Tools for Managing Software
Adding and Removing Software Packages
Using a Spool Directory

Installing Software from the Command Line
Removing Software Using pkgrm
Solaris Product Registry
Web Start Installer


Listing and Verifying Installed Packages
Software Patches
Installing a Patch

Installing a Patch
Removing a Patch


Patch Manager (smpatch)
Patch Tool
General Guidelines
Summary

Exercises
Exam Questions
Answers to Exam Questions
Suggested Readings and Resources





Chapter Three: Perform System Boot and Shutdown Procedures


Introduction
Booting a System

Powering On the System
The Boot PROM and Program Phases


The OpenBoot Environment

Entry-Level to High-End Systems
Accessing the OpenBoot Environment
System Control Switch
OpenBoot Firmware Tasks


The OpenBoot Architecture
The OpenBoot Interface
Getting Help in OpenBoot
PROM Device Tree (Full Device Pathnames)

OpenBoot Device Aliases


OpenBoot NVRAM

The nvedit Line Editor


OpenBoot Security
OpenBoot Diagnostics

Input and Output Control


OpenBoot PROM Versions
Booting a System

The boot Command


The Kernel
The init Phase

The Solaris Management Facility (SMF) Service
Using the Run Control Scripts to Stop or Start Services


System Shutdown

Commands to Shut Down the System
Stopping the System for Recovery Purposes
Turning Off the Power to the Hardware


Summary

Exercises
Review Questions
Answers to Review Questions


Suggested Readings and Resources



Chapter Four: User and Security Administration


Introduction
Administering User Accounts

Managing User and Group Accounts with the SMC
Managing User and Group Accounts from the Command Line


Setting Up Shell Initialization Files

C Shell Initialization Files
Bourne Shell Initialization Files
Korn Shell Initialization Files
Additional Shells Included with Solaris 10
Default Initialization Files
Customizing User Initialization Files
The Home Directory
Projects
Name Services


System Security

Controlling Physical Security
Controlling System Access
Controlling File Access


Access Control Lists (ACLs)

Setting ACL Entries
Checking the New File Permissions
Verifying ACL Entries
Copying a File's ACL to Another File
Modifying ACL Entries on a File
Deleting ACL Entries from a File
Auditing Users
Controlling Network Security
Securing Superuser Access


The Secure Shell (ssh)
ASET
Common-Sense Security Techniques
Summary

Exercises
Exam Questions
Answers to Exam Questions


Suggested Reading and Resources



Chapter Five: Managing System Processes


Introduction
Viewing a Process

pgrep
prstat
Process Manager
SMC Process Tool
pargs
svcs


Process Types
Using Signals
Scheduling Processes
Scheduling Priorities

Changing the Priority of a Time-Sharing Process with nice
Changing the Scheduling Priority of Processes with priocntl
Fair Share Scheduler (FSS) and the Fixed Scheduler (FX)


Using the Solaris Batch-Processing Facility

Configuring crontab
Scheduling a Single System Event (at)
Job Scheduler


Summary

Exercises
Exam Questions
Answers to Exam Questions


Suggested Reading and Resources



Chapter Six: Managing the LP Print Service


The LP Print Service
The Solaris Print Service

LP Print Service Directories
The Print Spooler
The LP Print Daemons


Setting Up the Printer Hardware

Ethernet Connections
Parallel Connections
Serial Connections
USB Connections


Setting Up a Network Printer

BSD Versus SVR4 Printing Software
Print Servers Versus Print Clients
Configuring Software for a Solaris Printer


Administering Printers

Deleting Printers and Managing Printer Access
Creating Printer Classes
Checking Printer Status
Managing Printer Queues
Restarting the Print Scheduler
Setting a User's Default Printer
Modifying the Printer with Print Manager
Troubleshooting the Print Scheduler


Summary

Exercises
Exam Questions
Answers to Exam Questions


Suggested Reading and Resources



Chapter Seven: Performing System Backups and Restorations


Introduction
Backup Media

Tape Device Names


Solaris Backup and Restoration Utilities

The tar Utility
The dd Utility
The cpio Utility
The pax Utility
The ufsdump Utility
The ufsrestore Utility
Recovering the Root (/) or /usr File System
Additional Notes About Restoring Files


The fssnap Utility
zip and unzip
Solaris Flash Archive
The jar Utility
Summary
Apply Your Knowledge

Exercises
Exam Questions
Answers to Exam Questions


Suggested Reading and Resources



Chapter Eight: The Solaris Network Environment


Introduction
Network Fundamentals

Network Topologies
Network Protocols and Network Models
Encapsulation and Decapsulation
Packets
Ethernet
Network Hardware
IPv4 Addressing
IPv6


Network Interfaces

Controlling and Monitoring an IPv4 Network Interface
Configuring an IPv4 Network Interface
Changing the System Hostname


Network Services
Network Maintenance
Summary
Apply Your Knowledge

Exercises
Exam Questions
Answers to Exam Questions


Suggested Reading and Resources



Chapter Nine: Virtual File Systems, Swap Space, and Core Dumps


Introduction
The Swap File System

Swap Space and TMPFS
Sizing Swap Space
Monitoring Swap Resources
Setting Up Swap Space


Core File Configuration
Crash Dump Configuration
NFS

NFS Version 4
Servers and Clients
NFS Daemons
Setting Up NFS
Mounting a Remote File System
NFS Server Logging


AutoFS

AutoFS Maps
When to Use automount


Summary

Key Terms
Exercises
Exam Questions
Answers to Exam Questions


Suggested Reading and Resources



Chapter Ten: Managing Storage Volumes


Introduction
RAID

RAID 0
RAID 1
RAID 5
RAID 1+0


Solaris Volume Manager (SVM)

SVM Volumes
Planning Your SVM Configuration
Metadisk Driver
SVM Commands
Creating the State Database
Monitoring the Status of the State Database
Creating a Concatenated Volume
Monitoring the Status of a Volume
Creating a Soft Partition
Expanding an SVM Volume
Creating a Mirror
Unmirroring a Non-Critical File System
Mirroring the Root File System
Unmirroring the Root File System


Veritas Volume Manager
Summary

Exercises
Exam Questions
Answers to Exam Questions


Suggested Reading and Resources



Chapter Eleven: Controlling Access and Configuring System Messaging


Introduction
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)

Using RBAC
RBAC Components


syslog

Using the logger Command


Summary

Review Exercises
Exam Questions
Answers to Exam Questions


Suggested Readings and Resources



Chapter Twelve: Naming Services


Introduction
Name Services Overview

The Name Service Switch File


/etc Files
NIS

The Structure of the NIS Network
Determining How Many NIS Servers You Need
Determining Which Hosts Will Be NIS Servers
Information Managed by NIS
Planning Your NIS Domain
Configuring an NIS Master Server
Setting Up NIS Clients
Setting Up NIS Slave Servers
Creating Custom NIS Maps
NIS Security
Troubleshooting NIS


NIS+

Hierarchical Namespace
NIS+ Security
Authentication
Authorization


DNS

Configuring the DNS Client


Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)

Sun Java System Directory Server


Name Service Cache Daemon (nscd)
The getent Command
Summary
Key Terms

Exercises
Exam Questions
Answers to Exam Questions


Suggested Reading and Resources



Chapter Thirteen: Solaris Zones


Introduction
Consolidation and Resource Management

Consolidation


Solaris Zones

Types of Zones
Zone Features
Non-Global Zone Root File System Models
Networking in a Zone Environment
Zone Daemons
Configuring a Zone
Viewing the Zone Configuration
Installing a Zone
Booting a Zone
Halting a Zone
Rebooting a Zone
Uninstalling a Zone
Deleting a Zone
Zone Login
Creating a Zone


Summary

Review Exercises
Exam Questions
Answers to Exam Questions


Suggested Reading and Resources



Chapter Fourteen: Advanced Installation Procedures


Introduction
JumpStart

Preparing for a Custom JumpStart Installation
What Happens During a Custom JumpStart Installation?
The Boot Server
The Install Server
The Configuration Server
The Rules File
begin and finish Scripts
Creating class Files
Testing Class Files
sysidcfg File
Setting Up JumpStart in a Name Service Environment
Setting Up Clients
Troubleshooting JumpStart
A Sample JumpStart Installation


Solaris Flash

Creating a Flash Archive
Using the Solaris Installation Program to Install a Flash Archive
Solaris Flash and JumpStart


Preboot Execution Environment (PXE)

Preparing for a PXE Boot Client
Booting the x86 Client


Summary

Exercises
Exam Questions
Answers to Exam Questions


Suggested Reading and Resources



Part II: Final Review



Fast Facts


Section 1—Exam CX-310-200
Managing File Systems

Devices and Drivers
Instance Names
File Systems
Creating a UFS
Volume Management


Installing the Solaris 10 Operating Environment

Tools for Managing Software
Software Patches


System Startup and Shutdown

OpenBoot Environment
The Kernel
Commands to Shut Down the System


User and Security Administration

Shells and Initialization Files
System Security
Protecting Data
Access Control Lists (ACLs)
Monitoring Users
Network Security
Restricting Root Access


Managing Processes

Using the kill Command
Projects and Tasks


Managing the LP Print Service

The LP Print Daemons


Performing System Backups and Restorations
Section 2—Exam CX-310-202
The Solaris Network Environment

Network Definitions and Hardware
Network Classes
Configuring Network Interfaces
Changing the System Hostname


Virtual File Systems, Swap Space, and Core Dumps

Swap Space
Core File and Crash Dump Configuration
Network File System (NFS)
Autofs


Managing Storage Volumes

RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks)
The State Database


Controlling Access and Configuring System Messaging

Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)


Naming Services

/etc Files
NIS
NIS+
DNS
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)


Solaris Zones
Advanced Installation Procedures

JumpStart
Solaris Flash





Practice Exam


Practice Exam Questions
Practice Exam Answers



Part III: Appendixes



Appendix A: What's on the CD-ROM


ExamGear, Exam Prep Edition



Glossary

Index


© Copyright Pearson Education. All rights reserved.