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Emergence of Advanced Computational Intelligence Coupled with Smart Environment

Risha Rani* and Tirtha Deb

Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

Abstract

In this paper we have tried to work out various models which may elevate the lifestyle of us humans by using the technology of present day IoT system concept making it possible to make things or our daily requirement smart or very easily available. As for the models, we have thoroughly studied and discussed how we would build smart homes using various sub disciplines such as building garbage monitoring systems and a system in which we detect any accident. We also went through the whole idea of the present day healthcare system and we built a model for a smart healthcare system and how we can build a weather monitoring system, an Air Pollution monitoring system. Considering the extra need for the noise surrounding the environment, we have proposed a model for Noise Pollution monitoring system. We have proposed a forest fire detection system model. We also have tried to bring the knowledge of advanced computational intelligence and artificial intelligence to our work as we believe the huge significance of advanced computational intelligence and AI inside the development of smart green terrain is a manner to attain clever green frugality.

Keywords: Advanced computational intelligence, scalability, security, connectivity, analyzing and integration

1.1 Introduction

The things which we can hardly imagine are encouraged and supported by new opportunities that the IoTs is reinventing. The Internet of Things is changing our physical world to grow. Through the Internet of Things, the devices that are connected through the internet are designed to become specific, customized, and intelligent to fully fill our unique and day-to-day necessity and requirements. The word smart stands for making Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Time-bound objects and the word environment means the surroundings. A smart environment is therefore said to be the ability to acquire knowledge and apply it to modify the needs of its residents to improve their occurrence with that environment. By using various wireless technologies we can enhance the functional capabilities of smart devices. According to reports from Cisco, 50 billion objects and devices will be connected to the Internet 2020. More than 99% of things available in the world today still remain unconnected. According to a Navigant research report, the number of smart meters installed worldwide will increase to 1.1 billion by 2023. [3] Automotive News reports that worldwide the number of Internet-connected cars will increase from 23 million in 2013 to 152 million in 2024. [5] The significant growth such as forecasting shows that the Internet of Things will become a modern society to conceive a concept of a smart environment. For the integration of IoT devices along with the smart environments, several research efforts have been made with the smart environments. The possibilities of smart objects from the combination of IoT with a smart environment are expanded by allowing remote locations of the environment to be monitored by the users. Primarily based on the software requirements, IoT can be included into various smart environments. Work on intelligent IoT-based environments can generally be divided into the areas: smart cities, smart houses, and smart health. An IoT-based system consists of objects, sensor devices, and a computing and processing unit that can be located in the cloud, a decision-making and action-invoking system. IoT things and devices play a vital role in interaction and communication through data exchange. They respond to actual events in the physical world and also have the effect of triggering processes that trigger various actions and services with or without human intervention. With the enabling current era technologies like advanced computational intelligence, the world is becoming a supremely computerized environment. These enabling technologies are planned for a smart environment focusing on restful life to live in. The digital transformations experts collaborating with the application tests providers lead in the progressed conclusion of the new innovative automation and the Internet of Things. The world in the near future will utilize the knowledge of such specialists for the remodeling of the various cities. The smart environment is characterized by complex systems which require balance between transparency and context awareness. The architecture of such a system responds to the demand space and the incorporation of modular and the design of such architecture are flexible and responsible for the right time production of appropriate services.

Main contribution of the paper:

• How energy and resource management techniques are building up the nation and how more swiftly it can be utilized
• Human computer interaction and building more sophisticated software and algorithms for a smart environment
• Predictive maintenance of the society with the proper system using new technologies

1.2 Background Works

In 2017, Kanishka Majumdar Devices for Integrated Circuit (DevIC), 23–24 March 2017, Kalyani, India. “Development Board”, has exact attributes like the microcontrollers in the trade but has some additional features i.e., twice the figures of input and output pins adaptable with Arduino IDE also it is very cost efficient. [1] Soil & Surrounding Testing Module by K. P. Keyur and M. P. Sunil, “Internet of Things-IOT”. A farmer can easily be benefited by this model as it is an automated analysis producer of soil moisture, pH, temperature, humidity, etc. It can advise regarding the sprout growth and the amount of further fertilizers needed. LCD screens will be of great use here. Sensors like moisture sensor, pH sensors, humidity sensors, etc., are used. [12] Water Pump ON/OFF via Phone Call by M. Fahim and A. Sillitti, “Anomaly detection, analysis and prediction techniques in IoT environment: A systematic literature review,” IEEE Access. It provides an important feature of turning the water pump on or off by using a mere phone call option. It reduces a great deal of labor. [13] Solar Tracking System (Renewable Power Supply) by K. P. Keyur and M. P. Sunil, “Internet of Things-IOT”. Solar tracker is built on the idea that solar can provide an alternative of renewable energy fit for the respective farmland. It acts as an automatic single axis solar tracker. Sensors such as the LDR are used here. [6] Electronic Scarecrow by H. Haddad Pajouh, A. Dehghantanha, R. Khayami, and K.-K.-R. Choo. This model basically acts as a scarecrow which can be used to keep the harmful pests off the land. Sensors such as PIRs are being used here [11].

1.3 Integrated Smart Environment

The Internet of Things (IoT) is coming with new technologies to improve human capabilities in this modern world. These means or new technologies promise a high quality of life and professional efficiency; however, with each new advancement in IoT synthesis and human augmentation technologies coming, the challenges of the IoT go far beyond that. The integrated intelligent environment is designed with various applications such as intelligent home systems, intelligent health care, intelligent transportation, intelligent agricultural systems, intelligent electronic management system, intelligent weather monitoring system, intelligent education system, etc. IoT objects and things are connected with RFID tags and sensors that are already in various business applications of the smart environment. RFID tags that utilize intelligent barcodes to identify any item use high-frequency technology in which radio waves transmit data from the tag to a reader that acts as a translator to a computer program. In Figure 1.1, the data of an integrated smart environment are stored in cloud based applications consisting of sensors and connecting IoT devices. It makes it much easier to send and analyze the given data and predict outcomes [8].

Figure 1.1 Integrated smart environment using cloud based application.

1.4 Proposed Models for Smart Intelligent Environment

Figure 1.2 denotes the sensors enabled smart environment for smart cities and homes along with smart healthcare service.

1.4.1 Smart Cities

Smart cities are technologically upgraded urban areas which use smart things, sensors, and electronic methods to collect various data and make life easier. The various functions performed by smart things can be traffic management, multi-city connectivity, pollution control, and smart lighting. The main purpose of smart cities is to make things easier and make us look at things with a new perspective. The Internet of Things makes an impact on various things such as every daily reliable life activity and also to any human’s complex emotions. The Internet of things makes benefits for each day to us and the environment. Smart city can device itself as an assistant for anyone’s daily schedule telling him/her to get up, make coffee or have dinner and go up to remind the person for dinner. It can detect the health condition if there is a problem or any underlying disease.

Figure 1.2 Smart environment based IoT system in smart cities, smart homes, and smart healthcare.

1.4.1.1 Garbage Monitoring...