Victimisation in the Digital Age

Tine Munk is a Senior Lecturer at Nottingham Trent University, specialising in cybercrime and cybersecurity, predominantly in political contexts. This research is reflected in publications including ‘The Rise of Politically Motivated Cyber Attacks’ (2023), ‘Memetic War: Civic Resistance in Ukraine’ (2024), and ‘Far-Right Extremism Online: Beyond the Fringe’ (2024). Morag Kennedy is a Senior Lecturer at Nottingham Trent University, focusing on intimate partner abuse and homicide involving digital harm, primarily considering co-victim perspectives. Recent publications include ‘They didn’t want to upset the client: Stalking in Hands-On Occupations’ (2023) and ‘Digital Coercive Control: A Male Perspective’ (2022).

Part 1:

Cybercrime and Online/Offline Harm

1. Introduction

Morag C. Kennedy

2. Navigating the Online/Offline Continuum: Exploring Victims, Spaces, and Dangers

Tine Munk, Zara A. Crawford, Elliot Doornbos, Ammaarah Faisal, Naomi Graham, Ellen Harris, Craig A. Jackson, Morag C. Kennedy, Boglarka Meggyesfalvi, Sara Rodriguez.

3. When Worlds Collide

Philip Wane

Part 2:

Politically and Ideologically Motivated Harm

4. A Cycle of Online Radicalisation, Attacks and Extremist Content: A Case Study of Terfour,rorist Acts in Norway

Thais Sardá and Karine Nordnes Skoglund

5. An Exploration of How Online Threats can Impact Mosque Worshippers and the Factors which Enables this12

Mikhail Sulaiman Azard

6. Online Hate, Offline Violence: Antisemitism as a Memetic Hatred

Ariel Koch

7. Deception as an Online Weapon, Does the Truth Matter?

Juan Ahmad and Tine Munk

Part 3:

Intimate Partner Violence and Image-based Sexual Abuse

8. Changning the Law on Intimate Image Abuse: A New Paradigm for Image-based Domestic Abuse?

Kirsty Welsh

9. Examine Cyberbullying and Cyberstalking through the Lens of Intimate Partner Violence: A Caribbean Perspective.

Chantelle Cummings

10. When Cyberspace Turns Deadly: The Significance of Online Harassment in Intimate Partner Homicide

Megan Cadwallader and Morag C. Kennedy

Part 4:

Hate Crime and Minority Groups

11. Why do We Need a Territorial Typology of Gender-based Political Violence? An Analysis of the Online and Offline Harms Suffered by Brazilian Female Politicians Defending Territory

Ladyane Souza, Luise Koch, Maria Paula Russo Riva and Raji Ghawi

12. From Telegram to Tate Britain: Drag Queen Story Hour and the British Extreme Right

Cathrine Stinton

13. ‘Seriously, Don’t Leave Your Flat’… I was Doxxed

Grayson Bartles

Part 5:

New Challenges and the Future:

14. Dolls and Sex Robots: Panacea or Pandora’s Box.

Neil Radford

15. Concluding Remarks: The Merge of the Online and Offline Worlds

Tine Munk