Trends, Applications, and Challenges of Chatbot Technology

Mohammad Amin Kuhail received a Ph.D. in software development from the IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark, and an M.Sc. degree in software engineering from the University of York, UK. He served as an Assistant Teaching Professor with the University of Missouri–Kansas City (UMKC), USA, for six years. In 2019, he joined Zayed University, serving as an Assistant Professor. Dr. Kuhail won the teaching award at UMKC in 2018 and received several research grants. Moreover, Dr. Kuhail is currently a reviewer at several journals and conferences, including ITICSE, IEEE Access, and MDPI Informatics. Dr. Kuhail is the founder and developer of a personal-financing system named "Organic Budget". Dr. Kuhail is a Computer Scientist and a Software Engineer with a diverse skill set that spans web development, object-oriented programming, algorithms, and usability. His research interests include human-computer interaction, educational technology, IT education, and smart city. Bayan Abu Shawar holds a BSc and a Master degree in Computer Science from University of Jordan, and a PhD from the School of Computing at University of Leeds. Currently she is an Associate Professor in the Cybersecurity Department in the Faculty of Engineering at AL Ain University. Before Joining AL Ain University, she was an Associate Professor at Arab Open University in Jordan. Her research interests include Chatbots, Natural Language Intelligent, Information Retrieval, Artificial Intelligent, e-Learning, Question Answering systems, and Learning Management Systems. Rawad Hammad is a Co-Director for Smart Health Centre, Programme Leader for MSc Computing Course, and MSc Digital Education Course, Technology Enhanced Learning Research Group Leader, and a Senior Lecturer in Computer Science and Digital Technologies at the University of East London. Rawad has an extensive experience in Software Engineering, Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL), Artificial Intelligence in Education, and Smart Health research and practice. Rawad contributed to and led various international projects, published research articles and has been involved in various conference programme committees including EC-TEL, LAK, AIED and BUSTECH. Moreover, Rawad is supervising postgraduate students, currently 5 PhD students in addition to a varied number of MSc students. Rawad is an executive committee member of the International Society of Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED) and a committee member of different research bodies, and conferences including EC-TEL, LAK, AI for Post-COVID Education, and Networks in Education. In 2018, he received his PhD in Software Engineering from the University of the West of England (UWE). In 2010, he received his MSc in Cognitive Computing from Goldsmiths University of London. He led numerous international projects such as TRANSFER and SmartTech which include partnerships with different universities, research centres, and governmental institutes from different countries including Japan, Germany, Finland and the Middle East. Prior to coming to the University of East London, Rawad was a Senior Education Solutions Researcher/Analyst at King's College London; a Researcher at the Centre for Complex Cooperative Systems at the University of the West of England.