Digital Conversion on the Way to Industry 4.0 (eBook)

Foreword 6
Preface 7
Key Technology Roadmap In Production of Future – Industry 4.0 10
Organization 12
Editors 12
Co-editors 12
Honorary Chairs 12
Symposium Chairs 12
International Honorary Committee 13
Organizing Committee 13
This book is prepared for publishing by 13
Scientific Committee 13
Reviewers 16
Contents 18
Big Data and Analytics 27
A Hybrid Recommender System: Uniqueness of Choices by Using Machine Learning Technique 28
Abstract 28
1 Introduction 28
2 Statement of the Problem 29
2.1 Definitions 30
2.1.1 Vocabulary 30
2.1.2 Concepts 31
3 Proposed Recommender System Algorithm 31
4 Results and Discussions 34
5 Conclusions 37
References 37
IoT Based Real-World Emission Analysis of Motorcycles 39
Abstract 39
1 Introduction 40
2 IOT Connection of the Emission Measuring Device 41
3 Experimental Setup 43
4 Result of the Emission Monitoring 44
5 Conclusion 47
Acknowledgement 48
References 48
Decision Making 49
Using Best Worst Method for Location Selection of Piezoelectric Tiles 50
Abstract 50
1 Introduction 50
2 Best Worst Method as a Novel Multi-Criteriia Decision Making 51
3 The Proposed Methodology 52
3.1 Determination of the Criteria Set 52
3.2 Computation of Weights and Application Results 54
4 Conclusions 56
References 57
Facility and Capacity Management 58
Site Selection for a Training Centre Focused on Industry 4.0 by Using DEMATEL and COPRAS 59
Abstract 59
1 Introduction 60
2 Brief Description About the Digital Transformation Training and Practice Center 61
3 Site Selection for the Digital Transformation Training and Practice Center 63
3.1 DEMATEL as the Decision-Making Technique and Determining the Criteria to Be Used in Site Selection 64
3.2 COPRAS as the Decision-Making Technique and Evaluation of Site Selection Alternatives 67
4 Conclusion 70
Acknowledgement 71
References 71
Fuzzy Logic 73
Facility Location for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Base Stations to Provide Uninterrupted Mobile Communication After Earthquakes 74
Abstract 74
1 Introduction 74
2 Weber Problem 76
3 Methodology 77
3.1 Determination of Distance in Probabilistic Methods 77
3.2 Determination of Demand in Probabilistic Methods 78
3.3 Fuzzy C-Means 78
3.4 Fuzzy C-Means – Center of Gravity (FCM– COG) 79
4 Case Study 80
5 Results 80
6 Conclusion 81
References 81
Healthcare Systems and Management 83
A Guide Application in Case of Emergency Health: A Case of Turkey 84
Abstract 84
1 Introduction 84
2 Literature Review 85
2.1 World Healthcare System 85
2.2 Canadian Healthcare System 86
2.3 Turkish Healthcare System 88
3 Methodology 90
3.1 Turkey’s Mobile Health Application 90
3.2 Needs Analysis 90
3.3 Survey Questions and Analysis 91
4 Application Execution 93
4.1 Testing Process 94
5 Conclusion 95
References 95
Parametric Design and Modeling of 3D Printed Prosthetic Finger 99
Abstract 99
1 Introduction 99
2 Design of the Model 100
2.1 Mechanical Design 100
2.2 Parametric Design 103
2.3 Assembling Mechanism 105
3 Analysis and Results 106
4 Conclusion 108
References 108
Industrial Applications 110
Conceptual Design and Fluid Structure Interaction Analysis of a Solar Powered High-Altitude Pseudo-Satellite (HAPS) UAV Wing Model 111
Abstract 111
1 Introduction 111
2 Competitive Study 113
3 Wing Loading Estimation 114
4 Airfoil and Wing Geometry Selection 115
4.1 Airfoil Selection 115
4.2 Wing Geometry 116
5 Fluid Structure Interaction Analysis 118
5.1 Wing Model 118
5.2 Simulation and Analysis of the Wing Flow Field 119
5.3 Structural Analysis 121
6 Conclusions 122
Acknowledgment 122
References 122
Design and Development of Drum Granulator 124
Abstract 124
1 Introduction 124
2 Material and Method 125
2.1 Material 125
2.2 Method 125
2.3 Testing of the Drum Granulator 128
3 Results and Discussion 130
3.1 Design Process Results 130
3.2 Analysis Process Results 130
4 Conclusion 131
References 132
Forecasting Electricity Generation and Shares by Energy Resources by Time Series Analysis: A Case-Study of Turkey 133
Abstract 133
1 Introduction 133
2 Literature Review 134
3 Methodology and Modelling 135
4 Conclusion 138
References 138
Fused Filament Fabrication of Ceramic Components for Home Use 139
Abstract 139
1 Introduction 140
1.1 Objective and Research Question 141
1.2 Relevance of the Question 141
1.3 Methods 142
2 Fused Filament Fabrication 142
2.1 Process 142
2.2 Extrusion Methods 143
2.3 Ceramics 143
2.4 Binder 143
2.5 Debinding 144
2.6 Sintering 144
2.7 Parameters 145
2.8 Known Problem Areas in the Process 145
3 Market Situation 146
3.1 Filaments 146
3.2 Industrial Providers 147
4 Experimental 148
4.1 Print 148
4.2 Debinding 149
4.3 Sintering 150
4.4 Results 150
5 Discussion 151
6 Conclusions 153
References 153
Fused Filament Fabrication of Metallic Components for Semi-professional and Home Use 158
Abstract 158
1 Introduction 158
2 Methods 160
3 Theory 160
4 Empirical Market Research 161
5 Experimental 162
6 Discussion 165
References 165
Increasing of Stud Welding Efficiency in the Body Shop 168
Abstract 168
1 Description of the Used Stud Welding Technologies 168
1.1 Arc Welding of Bolts with Stroke 169
1.2 Point-Contact Welding of Studs 170
1.3 Welding of Studs in a Magnetic Field 170
2 Automation and Robotization of the Process 171
3 Solution of a Part of the Welding Line Using the Process Simulate Software 172
3.1 Description of the Welding Line 172
3.2 Dynamic Simulation 173
3.3 Setting the Kinematics of the Line Parts 175
3.4 Solution Simulation 176
3.5 Design of Welding Line Optimization 177
4 Conclusions 178
Acknowledgment 178
References 178
Measurements of a Finished Garment Using 3D Laser Image Processing 180
Abstract 180
1 Introduction 180
2 Related Works 181
3 Measurement Strategy 182
3.1 Key Aspects of Quality for the Customer (https://www.inspection-for-industry.com/finished-goods-inspection.html) (2020) 182
3.2 Surface Form 182
4 Edge Detection 183
4.1 Main Steps in Edge Detection 184
4.2 Image Smoothing 185
4.3 Edges and Boundaries 186
4.4 Image Segmentation Using Edge Detection 186
4.5 Using the Hough Transform 187
4.6 Segmentation Methods 188
5 Measurement of Jacket and Conclusion 189
5.1 Measurement by Using 3D Laser Scanner-Non-contact Blue Laser 189
5.2 Measurement Through Two-Dimensional Image 190
6 Conclusion 191
References 192
Porosity Measurement by X – Ray Computed Tomography: Different Porosity Analysis Application 193
Abstract 193
1 Introduction 193
2 Experimental Investigation 197
3 Conclusions 202
Acknowledgment 203
References 203
Industrial Robotics in Production Systems and Industrial Engineering 204
Accuracy Improvement and Process Flow Adaption for Robot Machining 205
Abstract 205
1 Introduction 205
2 Industrial Robots and CNC Machine Tools 206
3 Calibration and Offline Compensation 208
3.1 Calibration 208
3.2 Offline Compensation 209
4 Hardware and Software Adaption 212
4.1 Existing Station and Production Process 212
4.2 Enhancements for Automated Process Environment 213
5 Conclusions 214
References 214
Artificial Neural Networks Based Place Categorization 217
Abstract 217
1 Introduction 217
2 Supervised Learning 218
3 Convolutional Neural Networks 218
4 Implemented Algorithms 220
4.1 Naïve Bayes Filter 220
4.2 Multinomial Logistic Regression 220
4.3 Support Vector Machines 221
5 Results and Discussion 222
6 Conclusion 223
References 224
Logic Control of an Industrial Automation Cell with ROS as Part of SMEs and Industry 4.0 Interconnection 226
Abstract 226
1 Introduction 227
1.1 State of the Art 227
1.2 Related Work 228
1.3 Problem Definition 228
2 Open Source Process Logic 229
2.1 Basic Concepts 229
2.2 Robot Modeling 230
2.3 Motion Planning 232
3 Automation Cell 233
3.1 Components of Process Control 233
3.2 Robot Arm System 233
3.3 Model/Visualization/Control GUI 234
3.4 Software Controller/Simulation/Robot Controller 235
4 Conclusions 236
5 Next Steps 236
References 237
Robot Retrofitting by Using LinuxCNC Complemented with Arduino/RaspberryPI 238
Abstract 238
1 Introduction 239
1.1 The Industrial Automation Need, Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow 239
1.2 Yesterday, the Puma560 Milestone 240
1.3 The “Engelberger Robotics Award” 240
1.4 Today Industrie 4.0 240
1.5 Tomorrow, Automation Robotic Autonomation 241
2 LinuxCNC 241
2.1 LinuxCNC History and Strong Current Use 241
2.2 LinuxCNC Main Idea and Possibilities Foreseen in the Original Concept 241
2.3 Components 242
2.4 User Interface 242
2.5 Hardware Abstraction Layer 243
2.6 HAL Concepts (LinuxCNC, 2020) 243
2.7 HAL Tools 243
2.8 Examining the HAL 244
2.9 Loading Components 244
2.10 Robot Geometry: GENSERKINS 245
2.11 Planning Movement: MOTMOD 245
2.12 Controlling the Step Motors: STEPGEN 245
2.13 Bringing Signals to the Real World: HAL_PARPORT 246
2.14 Other Component, DDT 247
2.15 A Real World Controller 247
3 Arduino/Raspberry PI, (and Other Similar Hardware) 248
4 Modern Motors, Design and Control of Special Brushless Motors 249
5 Advantages of Quickly Switching from: The Real World to the Virtual World (Emulator) 249
6 Conclusions 250
7 Next Steps 251
References 251
Parameter Optimization for the 3D Print of Thermo-Plastic Pellets with an Industrial Robot 252
Abstract 252
1 Introduction 253
2 Problem Description 253
3 Materials and Methods 254
4 Practical Realization 255
5 Print Results 256
6 Alternative Pellet Extruders 257
7 Design of New Pellet Extruder 259
8 Conclusion 261
References 262
Industry 4.0 Applications 264
A Comparative Sectoral Analysis of Industry 4.0 Readiness Levels of Turkish SMEs 265
Abstract 265
1 Introduction 266
2 Methodology 268
3 Implementation and Results 268
4 Conclusions 275
Acknowledgment 276
References 276
A Decision Support Tool for Classification of Turkish SMEs’ Industry 4.0 Score Levels 278
Abstract 278
1 Introduction 279
2 Methodology 280
2.1 Data Classification 280
2.2 Performance Evaluation 281
2.3 Estimation Methodologies 282
3 Implementation and Results 283
3.1 Data Description and Preprocessing 283
3.2 Hyperparameter Tuning 284
4 Results 285
4.1 Decision Support Tool 285
5 Conclusions 286
Acknowledgment 286
Appendix-I 287
Appendix-II 287
Appendix-III 288
Appendix-IV 288
Appendix-V 289
References 289
Adaptation of CNC Machine Tools in Educational Center That Matches the Concept of Industry 4.0 291
Abstract 291
1 Introduction 291
2 Problem Analysis 292
3 Case Study 297
4 Conclusions 301
References 301
Digital Maturity Assessment Model for Smart Agriculture 303
Abstract 303
1 Introduction 303
2 Smart Agriculture 305
3 Methodology 305
3.1 Determination of Criteria Set 306
3.2 Determination of Weights 309
3.3 Application 312
4 Conclusions 313
References 314
Do We Need Synchronization of the Human and Robotics to Make Industry 5.0 a Success Story? 316
Abstract 316
1 Introduction 316
2 Background 317
2.1 Automation of Work 318
2.2 Collaborative Robots (Cobots) 319
2.3 Robocollaborators (Coboters) 320
3 Systems and Theories 320
3.1 Socio-Technical Methodology 320
3.2 A Design Method: Reinventing Jobs 321
3.3 Synchronising Cobots and Coboters 323
4 An Industrial Proposal 323
5 Conclusions 324
References 325
Evaluation of the Challenges of Companies in Industry 4.0 Transformation by GRA Method 326
Abstract 326
1 Introduction 326
2 Challenges of Companies in Industry 4.0 Transformation 327
3 Methodology 331
4 Data Analysis 333
5 Conclusions 335
References 336
Industry 4.0 in Educational Process 338
Abstract 338
1 Introduction 338
2 Industry Requirements 339
2.1 Requirements for the Area of Production Systems 340
2.2 Qualification and Skills for Industry 341
3 Implementation Phase 342
3.1 Education in Production Systems 342
3.2 Educational Concept 343
4 Conclusions 345
Acknowledgment 345
References 345
Industry 4.0 vs. Society 5.0 347
Abstract 347
1 Introduction 347
2 Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0 Joint Parameters 348
2.1 Big Data 348
2.2 Artificial Intelligence 349
2.3 Internet of Things (IoT) 350
2.4 Cloud Computing 350
2.5 Human 351
3 Industry 4.0 351
4 Society 5.0 353
5 Industry 4.0 vs. Society 5.0 354
6 Conclusions and Related Work 356
References 357
Intelligent Design and Advanced Precision Metrology on the Geometrical Structure of Medical Needles Based on GPS and ISO Standards 360
Abstract 360
1 Introduction 361
2 Methods and Theoretical Parts 362
2.1 Purpose of Using Glass Pre-fillable Syringe with Needle G27 362
2.2 Injection Application Technique of Needle G27 of Glass Pre-fillable Syringe 363
2.3 Functional Requirements and Specifications 363
2.4 Production Process and Geometrical Definition 363
2.5 Geometrical Product Specifications 365
2.6 Micro and Macro Geometrical Assessment Through Measurement Device 367
3 Results 368
4 Conclusion and Prospect 374
References 375
Social and Ethical Aspects of Automation 377
Abstract 377
1 Introduction 377
2 Automation 378
2.1 Production 4.(5).0 378
2.2 Humans in Manufacturing Automation 380
3 Ethics 381
4 Social Aspects 382
4.1 Robocollaborators 382
4.2 Legal Questions 383
5 Summary and Outlook 385
References 386
Social Transformation - Industry 4.0 387
Abstract 387
1 Industry 4.0 387
2 The Door to Change 388
3 How Prepared Are We for Change? 390
3.1 Technological Knowledge Level 391
3.2 Technological Development 391
3.3 Digital Transformation Agility 391
4 Society 5.0 393
5 Project Management 394
6 The Effects of Change on Project Management 394
7 Conclusion and Evaluation 395
References 396
Strategic Model Proposal Related to IoT Applications in Disaster Management 397
Abstract 397
1 Introduction 397
2 Disaster Management 398
3 IoT 398
4 Strategic Model Proposal to Disaster Management with IoT 399
5 Conclusions 401
References 402
Usage and Applications of the Swarm Robotics Concept at Industrial Level 403
Abstract 403
1 Introduction 403
2 Swarm Robotics 404
3 Definition of the Problem 405
4 Related Works 405
5 Method 405
6 Application 407
7 Conclusion 410
Acknowledgments 411
References 411
Information Management 412
Design of a Database Management System for Movie Recommendation Related to the History of Industrial Engineering for Courses 413
Abstract 413
1 Introduction 413
2 Using Movies as Educational Tools 415
3 Database Management and Suggestion Systems Developed for Movies 416
4 Method 416
4.1 A Database Management System that Associates Education Topics with Movies and Suggests a Course 417
4.2 The Database Is Created with the Determined Keywords and/or Terms 417
4.3 Associating Courses, Terms, and Films by Establishing a Database 417
4.4 Connecting Database and C# 417
4.5 Building the Application Structure 418
5 Application 418
5.1 SQLite 418
6 Conclusions 420
References 423
Process Mining Research in Management Science and Engineering Fields: The Period of 2010–2019 425
Abstract 425
1 Introduction 425
2 Literature Review 426
3 Methodology 428
3.1 Aim of the Study and Research Questions 428
3.2 Bibliometric Study and Data Collection 428
4 Results 429
4.1 Main Findings of Descriptive Publication Results 429
4.2 Distribution of Articles by Years 430
4.3 Journal and Source Frequency and Productivity 430
4.4 Author’s Productivity 431
4.5 Organizations and Countries Productivity 431
4.6 Citation Results 433
5 Discussions and Conclusions 433
References 435
Lean Production 438
Waiting as Waste in Lean Production Processes 439
Abstract 439
1 Introduction 439
2 Model Construction 441
2.1 Scheduling and Waiting 441
2.2 Effects of Reduction of Waiting Time 442
3 Discussion – Case Study 443
4 Summary and Conclusions 446
References 446
Logistics Management 448
A Critical Review of Quality Function Deployment (QFD) Tool Through Logistics Centre Development Projects 449
Abstract 449
1 Introduction 449
1.1 What Is the Aim of This Symposium Paper? 449
1.2 How Do We Describe a Logistics Centre? 450
1.3 What Is the Contribution of This Study in Regards with a Logistics Centre Development Project? 450
2 Review and Assessment Framework for QFD Processes 451
2.1 Data Gathering: Converting VoC into Input for QFD Processes 451
2.2 Relativeness and Connectivity Integrity of QFD Inputs 453
2.3 Priority Check and Ranking the QFD Inputs 454
2.4 Improving the QFD Processes 455
2.5 Interpretation of QFD Process Outputs 456
2.6 Maximizing the Benefits of QFD While Get Rid of the Means that Hinder the Ultimate Success 457
2.7 How We Have Applied the Phases of QFD Methodology in a Logistics Centre Development Project? 458
3 Conclusions 459
References 459
Two-Phase Fuzzy C-Means and Genetic Algorithm for Food Distribution 461
Abstract 461
1 Introduction 461
2 Problem Definition 463
3 Proposed Algorithm 463
4 Results 465
5 Conclusion 467
References 467
Optimization 469
Modelling and Optimization of Dissimilar Welding Between 304L and HSLA-X70 Using Response Surface Methodology 470
Abstract 470
1 Introduction 470
2 Design of Experiments 471
3 Results and Discussion 473
3.1 Statistical Analysis 473
3.2 Regression Equations 474
3.3 Effect of Welding Parameters on Surface Response Factors 475
4 Optimization of Welding Conditions 475
5 Conclusions 478
References 478
Proposing a Pre-emptive Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (PRCPSP) Model to Optimize Manpower and Project Delivery Time (A Case Study) 480
Abstract 480
1 Introduction and Literature Review 480
2 Problem Definition 481
3 Numerical Results and Case Study 485
4 Conclusions and Further Research 487
References 487
Process Management 488
Improvements in Manufacturing Processes by Measurement and Evaluation Studies According to the Quality Management System Standard in Automotive Industry 489
Abstract 489
1 Introduction 490
2 Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA) 490
3 Application of Quantitative MSA 491
4 Application of Qualitative MSA 494
5 Conclusions 497
References 497
Improving Business Processes of Human Resources Departments in Turkish Technic Inc. 499
Abstract 499
1 Introduction 499
2 L?terature Rev?ew 500
3 Methodology 503
3.1 Constraints 503
3.2 Analysis and Research 503
3.3 Main Design 507
4 Conclus?ons 508
References 509
Improving Manufacturing Process of Mobile Recorder 510
Abstract 510
1 Introduction 510
2 Material and Method 512
2.1 Design of the Interior and Exterior Case 512
2.2 Steps for the Production of Conventional Mobile Recorder 512
2.3 Production of Planned Mobile Recorder 513
3 Results and Discussion 514
4 Conclusions 517
Acknowledgement 517
References 517
Manufacturing Process Development for Thin Film Filaments as a New Product 519
Abstract 519
1 Introduction 519
2 Experimental Method 522
3 Results 523
4 Conclusion 525
References 526
Modelling of the High-Chromium Cast Iron Surface Roughness 529
Abstract 529
1 Introduction 529
2 The Experiment 531
3 Model Implementation and Discussion 535
4 Conclusion 538
Acknowledgment 539
References 539
Productivity and Performance Management 541
A System Dynamics Model for Long-Term Performance Monitoring of Projects Related to Oil Production in Iran 542
Abstract 542
1 Introduction and Literature Review 542
2 Problem 543
3 Model 543
3.1 Variables and Reference Trends 544
3.2 Stock-Flow Diagram 546
4 Model Validation 547
5 Result and Conclusion 548
References 550
An SME Examination on the Effect of Transition to Automation Systems on Production Performance 551
Abstract 551
1 Introduction 552
2 Production Performance 553
3 Automation System 553
4 Implementation 554
4.1 Problems Experienced in Transition to Automation Systems 555
4.2 Effect of Automation System on Production Performance 557
5 Conclusion and Recommendations 560
Acknowledgements 561
References 561
Performance Evaluation in the Firms of Turkish Textile Sector 563
Abstract 563
1 Introduction 563
2 Literature Review 564
3 Material and Method 565
4 Results and Discussion 566
5 Conclusion 571
References 572
Some Universities Performance Evaluation of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Turkey with Multiple Criteria Decision Making Methods 574
Abstract 574
1 Introduction 575
2 Literature Research 577
3 Purpose of the Research 579
3.1 Methodology of the Study 579
3.2 Data Used in the Research 580
3.3 Evaluation of GYU Performance with Promethee GAIA Method 580
4 Conclusions and Suggestions 585
References 587
Turkey and Some EU Countries’ Economic Performance Analysis with Multi-criteria Decision Making Methods: Promethee GAIA Application 589
Abstract 589
1 Introduction 590
2 Literature Research 591
3 Methodology of the Research 595
3.1 Purpose of the Research 595
3.2 Data and Method 595
3.3 Evaluation of Economic Performance with PROMETHEE Method 596
3.4 Comparison of Economic Performance of Countries 599
4 Conclusion and Comments 600
References 601
Warehouse Planning for Maximum Area Efficiency in the White Goods Sector 603
Abstract 603
1 Introduction 603
2 Literature Review 604
3 Application 605
4 Results 607
5 Future Studies and Suggestions 608
References 608
Quality Management 609
Geometric Tolerancing Analysis of Multi-material Components (MMCs) Obtained by Industrial X-Ray Computed Tomography 610
Abstract 610
1 Introduction 610
2 Literature Review 611
3 Materials and Methods 611
4 Results and Discussions 612
5 Conclusions 615
Acknowledgements 615
References 615
Intelligent Test Automation for Improved Software Quality Assurance 617
Abstract 617
1 Introduction: Quality Assurance and Testing 617
2 Software Testing 618
3 Automation: Intelligent Testing 619
4 Current Challenges in Test Automation 620
5 QiTASC Test Automation: Smart Testing 621
5.1 Why intaQt Automation? 621
5.2 Combining QiTASC Products to Achieve High Levels of Automation 623
5.3 Complex and Multi-context Systems Can Easily Be Automated by intaQt 625
5.4 Further Automation Possibilities in the Agenda 626
6 Conclusion 626
References 626
The Role of Product Perceived Quality in Building Customer Behavioral Loyalty Across Retail Channels 628
Abstract 628
1 Introduction 628
2 Theoretical Background on Customer Loyalty, Role of Product Quality and Other Factors 630
2.1 Customer Loyalty in Omnichannel Retail 630
2.2 Product Quality and Loyalty 631
3 Research Methodology 632
3.1 Research Framework and Questions 632
3.2 Research Method and Data 634
4 Results 635
4.1 Factors of Loyalty in Offline Channel 636
4.2 Factors of Loyalty in Online Channel 638
4.3 Summary of Results and Managerial Implications Concerning Product Quality Role in Building Behavioral Loyalty 638
5 Conclusions and Discussion 640
References 641
R& D and Technology Management
Innovation Efficiency in Automotive Industry: The Case of Turkey 645
Abstract 645
1 Introduction 645
2 Literature Review 646
3 Methodology 647
3.1 CCR Model Results 650
3.2 BCC Model Results 654
4 Conclusions and Recommendations 658
References 659
Overview of Technology Commercialization Options in Romania 660
Abstract 660
1 Introduction 660
2 Context and Methodology 661
3 Implementation of the Investigation Methodology and Main Results 662
4 Discussion of Outcomes and Implication 664
5 Conclusions 666
References 666
Risk Analysis and Management 667
Physical Asset Risk Management: A Case Study from an Asset-Intensive Organization 668
Abstract 668
1 Introduction 668
2 Literature Review 669
3 Physical Asset Risk Management Process 669
3.1 Determination of Physical Assets’ Risks 670
3.2 Determination of Critical Physical Assets’ Risks 670
3.3 Select RTPs 672
4 Case Study 674
4.1 Determination of PP’s Physical Assets’ Risks 675
4.2 Determination of PP’s Critical Risks Related to Physical Assets 675
4.3 Select RTPs for PP’s Physical Assets 677
5 Conclusions 678
References 678
Risk Analysis Application for a Medical Device Manufacturer 680
Abstract 680
1 Introduction and Purpose 680
2 Basic Concepts 681
3 Risk Management Process 682
4 Risk Analysis Methods 682
5 A Case Study on Risk Management Process 684
6 Conclusion 690
References 690
Scheduling 691
Hybrid Flowshop Scheduling Problem at DrPaste 692
Abstract 692
1 Introduction 692
2 NP-Hardness of the Problem 694
3 Production Environment 694
4 Genetic Algorithm 697
5 Actual Size Problem Data 700
6 Small Size Problem 700
7 Parameter Tuning 701
8 Design of User Interface 702
9 Conclusion 705
References 705
Service System Management 707
Effect of Gamification Applications on Individual Performance: Air Transportation Application 708
Abstract 708
1 Introduction 708
2 Gamification Background 709
3 Proposed Model and Results 710
4 Conclusions and Recommendations 714
References 715
Simulation and Modelling 717
A Brief General Industrial Virtual Reality Applications Overview Including a Simple Factory VR Simulation 718
Abstract 718
1 Introduction 718
1.1 Necessity of VR According to Industry 4.0 718
1.2 Digital Twinning for the Visualization Process 719
2 A Brief Literature Review for Applications of VR 720
2.1 Industrial VR Applications 720
2.2 VR Applications in Industrial Education 722
2.3 Other General VR Applications 724
3 Experimental Procedure and Results of VR Workshop Simulation 725
4 Conclusions 727
References 727
Investigation of the Efficiency of Vibration-Assisted Nano-Grinding with Molecular Dynamics 731
Abstract 731
1 Introduction 731
2 Methodology 734
3 Results and Discussion 736
4 Conclusions 740
References 740
Supply Chain Management 743
A New Approach to Location Routing Problem: Capacitated Periodic Location Routing Problem with Inventory 744
Abstract 744
1 Introduction 744
2 Literature 746
3 Problem Definition 748
4 Simulated Annealing for the CPRLPI 752
5 Discussion 755
6 Conclusion and Recommendations 757
Acknowledgment 757
References 757
Smart Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles 760
Abstract 760
1 Introduction 761
1.1 Mobility Needs and Trends 761
2 Microfactory Concept 762
2.1 Cleaner Energy Management 764
2.2 Sustainable Supply Chain Model for Microfactory Network 765
3 Conclusions 765
References 766
Capstone Projects 767
A Multi-sided and Multi-model Assembly Line Balancing Problem 768
Abstract 768
1 Introduction 768
2 Literature Review 770
3 Problem Formulat?on 771
4 Computational Results and Decision Support System 774
4.1 Verification 774
4.2 Validation and Improvements 774
4.3 Sensitivity Analysis 776
4.4 Decision Support System 778
5 Conclusion 779
Acknowledgments 779
References 780
A Parallel Machine Scheduling Problem for a Plastic Injection Company 781
Abstract 781
1 Introduction 781
2 Problem Definition 782
2.1 Current System Observations and Symptoms 782
2.2 Problem Definition 783
3 Literature Review 783
4 Problem Formulation 785
5 Solution Methodology 787
6 Decision Support System 789
7 Verification and Validation 791
8 Conclusions 792
Acknowledgment 793
References 793
A Single Machine Job Scheduling Problem with Sequence Dependent Setup Times 795
Abstract 795
1 Introduction 795
2 Problem Definition and Literature Review 796
3 Problem Formulation 797
4 Heuristic Algorithms 799
4.1 ATCS Rule Based Heuristic Algorithm 799
4.2 EDD, WEDD, SPT and WSPT Rule based Heuristic Algorithms 802
5 Computational Experiments 802
5.1 Comparison of Algorithms with Respect to the Optimal Results 803
5.2 Comparison of Algorithms with Time-Limited CPLEX 804
6 Decision Support System 805
7 Conclusion and Future Work 807
References 807
An Implementation of Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem in a Metal Processing Company 808
Abstract 808
1 Introduction 808
2 Problem Definition 809
2.1 Data Analysis 810
2.2 System Analysis 810
3 Literature Review 812
4 Solution Methodology 813
4.1 Mathematical Model 813
4.2 Heuristic Algorithm 815
5 Verification, Validation and Computational Results 818
5.1 Real Data 819
5.2 Hypothesis Testing 820
6 Conclusion 820
Acknowledgment 821
References 821
Analysis and Improvement of Employee Transportation System 822
Abstract 822
1 Introduction 822
2 Problem Definition 823
2.1 Current System and Symptoms of the Problem 823
2.2 Problem Definition 823
3 Literature Review 824
4 Problem Formulation 825
5 Solution Methodology 827
6 Computational Results 829
7 Conclusions 831
References 831
Container Demand Forecasting Using Machine Learning Methods: A Real Case Study from Turkey 833
Abstract 833
1 Introduction 833
2 Literature Review 834
3 Problem Definition 836
4 Methodology 837
4.1 Machine Learning 837
4.1.1 Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) 837
4.1.2 Decision Trees 838
4.1.3 Decision Forest/Random Forest (RF) 838
4.2 Linear Regression 838
4.3 Performance Metrics to Evaluate Forecasting Models 839
4.3.1 Mean Absolute Error (MAE) 839
4.3.2 Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) 839
4.3.3 Relative Absolute Error (RAE) 839
4.3.4 Relative Squared Error (RSE) 839
4.3.5 Coefficient of Determination (R2) 840
5 Results 840
6 Conclusion 841
Acknowledgment 842
References 842
Customer Order Scheduling in Hybrid Flow Shop Manufacturing System 844
Abstract 844
1 Introduction 844
2 Problem Definition 845
3 Literature Review 846
4 Modeling and Solution Methodology 846
4.1 Limitations and Assumptions 846
4.2 Mathematical Model 847
4.3 Genetic Algorithm 849
5 Verification and Validation 850
6 Decision Support System and Computational Results 852
6.1 Decision Support System (DSS) 852
6.2 Computational Results 854
7 Conclusions and Future Work 855
Acknowledgements 856
References 856
Development of Hydraulic Drive Railway Bearings Installation System 857
Abstract 857
1 Introduction 857
2 Material and Method 858
2.1 Material of Pipe of Hydraulic Cylinder and Mounting-Dismounting Fixtures 858
3 Method 859
4 Results and Discussion 861
4.1 Design of Hydraulic Drive Railway Bearings Installation System 861
4.2 Static Structural Analysis 862
4.3 Manufacturing 864
5 Conclusion 865
Acknowledgment 865
References 866
Improving the Operations in a Logistics Company: A Case Study in Turkey 867
Abstract 867
1 Introduction 867
2 Literature Review 868
3 QFD Methodology 870
4 Implementation of the Study 872
5 Discussions and Conclusion 876
References 877
Improving the Throughput of Pipe and Tube Production: A Case Study 879
Abstract 879
1 Introduction 879
2 Literature Review 880
3 Problem Formulation 881
4 Solution Methodology 883
5 Computational Results 885
5.1 WIP Study 885
5.2 Layout Optimization 886
6 Conclusion 889
Acknowledgment 890
References 890
Integrated Transportation and Packaging Problem Modeling and Application 891
Abstract 891
1 Introduction 891
2 Literature Review 892
3 Problem Formulation 893
4 Heuristic Algorithm 897
5 Computational Results 899
6 Decision Support System 900
7 Conclusion and Future Work 902
Acknowledgments 903
References 903
Lean Warehouse Application in a Meat Producer Company 905
Abstract 905
1 Introduction 905
2 Observations and System 906
3 Problem Definition 907
4 Literature Review 908
4.1 Lean Management 908
4.2 Value Stream Mapping 910
5 Methodology 910
5.1 Proposed Methodology: ABC Analysis 910
5.2 Current State Map 914
5.3 Future State Map 916
6 Conclusion 917
References 918
Location Optimization of Receivers for IoT- Based Infrastructures 921
Abstract 921
1 Introduction 921
2 Literature Review 923
3 Problem Formulation 924
3.1 Mathematical Modeling 925
4 Computational Results 930
5 Decision Support System 930
6 Conclusions 932
References 932
Makespan Minimization in Manufacturing Process of a Company 934
Abstract 934
1 Introduction 934
2 Literature Review 935
3 Methodology and Modelling 936
4 Result of the Mathematical Modeling 940
5 Conclusion 940
References 940
Multi Model Multiple Line Balancing Problem Modeling and Real-Life Application 942
Abstract 942
1 Introduction 942
2 Problem Definition 943
3 Literature Review 944
4 Solution Methodology 945
4.1 Assignment Algorithm 945
4.2 Mathematical Model 947
5 The Computational Results and Implementation 949
6 Decision Support System 950
7 Conclusion and Future Work 951
Acknowledgment 952
References 952
Quantitative Analysis of Stakeholder Perspective on the University-Industry-Government Collaboration in ?zmir, Turkey 954
Abstract 954
1 Introduction 954
2 Literature Review 955
3 Methodology 958
4 Analysis and Findings 960
5 Conclusions 963
Acknowledgment 963
References 963
Parcel Delivery Service Quality Assessment 966
Abstract 966
1 Introduction 966
2 Literature Review 967
3 Methodology 968
3.1 Description of the SERVQUAL Method 968
3.2 Description of the KANO Method 969
3.3 Survey Development 970
3.4 Participants 970
4 Findings 971
4.1 SERVQUAL Findings 971
4.2 Kano Findings 973
5 Conclusion 976
References 977
Production Scheduling at a Powder Coating Company 980
Abstract 980
1 Introduction 980
2 Problem Formulation and Solution Methodology 981
2.1 Mathematical Model 982
2.2 Genetic Algorithm 985
2.3 Rule-Based Heuristic 987
2.4 Simulation Model 989
2.5 Validation and Verification 989
3 Conclusion 991
Acknowledgment 991
References 992
Ranking of Private Turkish Universities: Proposal of New Indicators 993
Abstract 993
1 Introduction 993
2 Worldwide University Rankings 995
3 New Indicators Weights and the Methodology of UL Ranking 1000
3.1 Indicators and Weights of UL Ranking 1000
3.2 The methodology of UL Ranking 1001
4 Results and Analysis 1002
5 Conclusions 1003
Acknowledgment 1003
References 1003
Author Index 1006