Architecture in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

Neil Leach is an architect and theorist. He teaches at Florida International University, USA, the European Graduate School, Switzerland, and Tongji University, China. He has also taught at many other leading schools of architecture, including the Architectural Association, UK and Harvard University's Graduate School of Design, USA; he is a member of the European Academy and has been a NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts Fellow. He has published over 30 books on architecture and digital design, translated into six languages.

List of Illustrations

Acknowledgements

Preface

Introduction
AI and Architecture
Beyond Technophobia
The Prosthetic Imagination
Cyborg Culture
Extended Intelligence
An Introduction to AI
Intended Audience

1. What is AI?
The Different Forms of AI
Training Techniques
AI Tribes
Neural Networks
Backpropagation
Convolutional Neural Networks
DeepDream
Generative Adversarial Networks
From 2D to 3D
ArchiGAN
Beyond Representation

2. The History of AI
Alan Turing
The Birth of AI
AI Winters
Deep Blue
Jeopardy!
AlphaGo
Sputnik Moment
AI and Visibility

3. AI, Art and Creativity
A Brief History of AI Art
Who Needs Gauguin?
But who is the Author?
Rethinking Creativity
In the Mirror of AI

4. AI, Media Art and Neuroscience
Dreaming Machines
Dreaming Buildings
Machine Hallucinations
Architecturalisations
Can Machines Dream?

5. AI and Architecture
Coop Himmelb(l)au
Morphosis
Zaha Hadid Architects
AI Fabrication

6. The Future of the Architectural Office
Superusers
Autodesk v the Superuser
Developer AI
Spacemaker AI
XKool Technology
Spacemaker v Xkool
Re-Designing Design

7. AI and the City of the Future
iPhone City
The Information Architect
The Informational City
Ambient Intelligence
Swarm Intelligence
The Self-Regulating City
City Brain
Internet-City-Brain

8. The Future of AI
Kurzweil’s Predictions
The Singularity
AGI and Beyond
Prediction Errors
The Future of Intelligence
Architectural Intelligence
AI and the Future of Architecture

Notes

Index