Smart Living for Smart Cities (eBook)

Contents 6
Author Biographies 7
Introduction 14
Smart Living for Smart Cities 15
1 The Concept of the Smart City 16
2 The Six Smart City Components [3] 17
2.1 Smart People 17
2.2 Smart City Economy 18
2.3 Smart Mobility 19
2.4 Smart Environment 19
2.5 Smart Living 20
2.6 Smart Governance [2] 21
3 From Living in Cities to Smart Living in Smart Cities 22
3.1 The Smart Awareness for Smart Living in Smart Cities 23
4 Cultural System and Basic Ekistics Principles by Constantinos Doxiadis [7–13] 23
4.1 The Five Ekistics Principles of Doxiadis [7] 26
5 Ecological Planning and Design and Bioregionalism by Patrick Geddes [16–20] 27
6 Lefebvre’s Spatial Triad and Differential Space for a Living [21, 22] 29
7 Advaita Vedantic View of Living Through Awareness 32
7.1 Mandukya Upanishad [36–38] 33
7.2 Asparsa Yoga a Brief Discussion Based on Gaudapada Karika [40–52] 37
7.3 Asparsa Yoga and a City Living from the Point of View of This Book 38
8 The Early Buddhist View of Living [53–55] 39
8.1 The Four Noble Truth [56, 57] 40
8.2 The Eight-Fold Path [58, 59] 40
8.3 Early Buddhism and Smart Living Knowledge Base 42
9 Smart Living Study Focus for Secular Countries 42
10 Design of Smart Living at Ekistics Scale 4–15 55
10.1 Nature of Smart Living in Smart Cities 56
10.2 Smart Living Focussed on Integrated Health 57
11 Living and Smart Living Perspective (of Smart Home Ekistics Scale 1–3 Population 1–5) 60
11.1 Ethical Issues 63
11.2 Accessibility 63
11.3 Usability 64
12 Design of Smart Living for Smart Cities 65
13 Strategic Actions for Smart Ecosystems of Innovation in Smart Living 65
13.1 Spatial Smart Living Strategy 66
13.2 Smart Community Strategy 67
13.3 A Smart GIS for Smart Living 69
13.4 Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) Using GIS for Smart Living 69
13.5 Zonal Plan GIS for Smart Living 71
14 Major Questions of Smart Living in Cities, Metropolises, Megacities and Meta Cities 73
14.1 The Basic Smart City Concept and Its Implementation of Smart Living in Cities and Metropolises as Against Smart Home 74
14.2 Implementation 75
15 Smart Living Perspective of the International Collaborative Research for the Book “Smart Living for Smart Cities” 78
16 Conclusion 79
References 81
City Studies 84
Smart Living for Smart Hong Kong 85
1 Introduction 86
1.1 Liveability 86
1.2 Sustainability 88
1.3 Smart Living 89
2 Hong Kong’s Development 91
2.1 Hong Kong’s Existing Development Context 91
2.2 Hong Kong’s Future Development 95
3 Affordable Housing 97
3.1 Housing Supply of Hong Kong 98
3.2 High Cost of Living 99
3.3 Private Market Participation 100
3.4 Addressing Housing Affordability Issue 101
3.5 Community Initiatives on Affordable Housing 104
3.6 Long Term Land Supply and Housing Strategy 106
3.7 Other Aspects 110
4 Open Space 111
4.1 Blue and Green Resources 111
4.2 Street Environment 119
4.3 Open Space Standards and Community Needs 121
4.4 Government Initiatives on Open Space 123
4.5 Community Initiatives 124
5 Cultural Heritage 125
5.1 Government Initiatives on Cultural Heritage 126
5.2 Increasing Awareness of Heritage Conservation 130
5.3 Community Initiatives 131
6 Conclusion 140
References 142
Smart Laws and Regulations for Smart Living, Case of Dehradun 146
1 Introduction 147
2 Research Question 147
3 Data and Methods 148
4 Smart Cities and Smart Living 149
4.1 Smart City 149
4.2 Smart Living 150
4.3 Governance 152
5 Dehradun 155
5.1 Development Plans of Dehradun 157
6 Institutional Framework 157
6.1 Municipal Authority 158
6.2 Planning Authority 159
6.3 Development Authority: Mussoorie Dehradun Development Authority 159
6.4 Special Purpose Vehicle: Dehradun Smart City Limited 164
7 Smart City Dehradun 165
8 Legislations 166
8.1 Regulations 170
9 Recommendations and Conclusions 172
References 174
Smart Healthy Living for Smart Kozhikode Metropolitan Area 177
1 Introduction 178
1.1 The Kozhikode Metropolitan Area (KMA) 179
2 Key Concepts and the Need to Look at Health Differently for KMA 182
2.1 Kerala Model of Health and Need for an Alternate Assessment of Health Indicators 184
2.2 Overall Health in KMR 186
2.3 Summary 231
3 Conceptual Approach for Smart Living in KMA 235
3.1 Living, Sharing with the Self and Others 236
3.2 ‘Smart’ in Smart Living 236
3.3 Smart Living with Respect to Smart City 236
3.4 Total Health for All as the Guiding Principle 238
3.5 Operational Model 242
4 Study Methodology 242
5 Proposals for KMA 245
5.1 ICT Framework 245
5.2 E-Democracy 245
6 Proposals for Physical Health 246
6.1 Diseases that Does not Require Emergency Services 246
6.2 Diseases that Require Emergency Services 248
7 Proposals for Mental Health 252
7.1 Proposed Mechanisms 254
7.2 ICT/IOT Backbone for Mental Health Proposals 254
7.3 Mental Health Proposals—E-Democracy 255
7.4 Mental Health Proposals—E-Governance 256
8 Proposals for Social Health 256
8.1 Smart Workforce Sharing 256
8.2 Proposals for Improving Neighbourhood Safety and Health 259
8.3 Activation of Public Realm Through Scenes 260
8.4 Neighbourhood Safety from Crime 260
9 Proposals for Environmental Health 261
9.1 Waste Dumping in Rivers and Water Bodies 261
9.2 Encroachment into Natural Entities 264
9.3 Coastal Zone Activities 264
9.4 Disconnected Pockets of Habitation Near Natural Boundaries 265
9.5 Preserving Sacred Grooves 266
10 Conclusion 267
References 269
Regeneration of Smart Spaces for Smart Living in Kozhikode Metropolitan Region (KMR) 274
1 Introduction 275
2 Appraisal of Master Plan for Smart Living 278
2.1 Kozhikode Urban Area Master Plan 2035 279
2.2 Appraisal of Vadakara Master Plan for Smart Living 285
3 Urban Regeneration of Public Realm for Smart Living 290
3.1 Public Realm Siting and Management in KMR 295
3.2 Identification of Potential Smart Growth Locations for Public Realm Using Remote Sensing and GIS 312
4 Public Realm from Ecosystem Needs 318
4.1 Blue Spaces for Smart Living in KMR: Connecting Wetlands and Other Water Bodies with the Communities 318
4.2 Joining Kottuli and Kadalundi Wetlands and Solving the Land Management Issues Emanating 328
4.3 Public Realm in Agroforestry Area: Transformation of Agroforestry Land on the Riverbanks in Kozhikode Metropolitan Region for Smart Living 337
4.4 Public Realm from CRZ-Identification, and Mapping of CRZ Zones in Kozhikode District and Study, CRZ Legislation and the Use of CRZ Land for Smart Living 344
5 Public Ream for Different Age Groups 352
5.1 Design Modules of Form-Based Codes for Senior Citizens 352
5.2 Design Modules of Form-Based Codes for the Smart Living of Working-Age Men 359
5.3 Design Modules of Form-Based Codes for the Smart Living of Preschool Children 370
6 Conclusion 380
References 385
Smart Living by Sustainable Community’s Initiatives in the Historic Town of the Himalayas—Shimla 388
1 Introduction 388
2 Shimla—The District 389
2.1 An Overview of Shimla 389
2.2 Shimla—Today 393
2.3 Shimla—Layers of Development 399
3 Sustainability Challenges 400
3.1 Ecology of Shimla 401
3.2 Bio-diversity of Shimla 404
3.3 Consumption of Resources 405
4 Understanding Smart Living 407
4.1 Smart Living Driven by Communities 407
4.2 Smart Living Driven by Environment 408
4.3 Smart Living Driven by Forests 409
4.4 Smart Living Initiatives—Land 410
5 Role of Communities for Sustainable Living 410
5.1 Smart Living Initiatives by Communities 411
5.2 Socio-economic Profile 412
5.3 Role of Religion 413
5.4 Food and Lifestyles 414
5.5 Smart Living Community—Cultured Spaces 415
6 Smart Community Initiatives—Continuities and Change 419
7 Conclusions 420
References 420
Conclusion 422
International Collaborative Research: “Smart Living for Smart Cities” and Conclusions of Cities Case Studies 423
1 Smart Living for Smart Cities 423
2 The International Collaborative Research Projects on Smart Cities 425
3 The Seventh and Eighth Book on Smart Living for Smart Cities 428
4 Design of the Collaborative Research Programme 429
5 Research Questions on Smart Metropolitan Regional Development 429
6 Scope of Research 430
7 Study Cities 431
8 Project Details 432
9 Way of Working the Programme 432
9.1 Integrating Smart Living Research with Academic Programmes 432
9.2 Role of Students 432
9.3 Role of Faculty 432
9.4 Co-Design and Co-Production of Knowledge 434
9.5 Research Output 435
10 Bulletin 435
11 Summary of Conclusions and City Case Studies 438
11.1 Smart Living for Smart Cities 438
11.2 Urban Land Use Planning and Management with Special Reference to a Comparative Study of Smart Open Spaces in Smart Cities Hong Kong 450
11.3 Smart Laws and Regulations for Smart Living Case of Dehradun 452
11.4 Smart Healthy Living for Smart Kozhikode Metropolitan Area 455
11.5 Regeneration of Smart Spaces for Smart Living in Kozhikode Metropolitan Region (KMR) 456
11.6 Smart Living by Sustainable Community Initiatives in the Historic Town of the Himalayas—Shimla 458
References 460