Foundations of Embedded Systems (eBook)

Preface 6
Contents 10
Abbreviations 12
1 Introduction into Embedded Systems 15
1.1 Two Types of Computer Systems 15
1.2 Analysis of Example 21
1.3 Common Features of Embedded Systems 27
1.4 Requirements for Embedded Systems 32
References 36
2 Design of Embedded Systems 37
2.1 Hierarchy of Levels 37
2.2 Methodologies of Design of Embedded Systems 43
2.3 Platform-Based Design of Embedded Systems 46
2.4 ASIC-Based Design 49
2.5 Improving Energy Efficiency in Embedded Systems 56
References 62
3 Implementation of Computational Algorithms in Embedded Systems 63
3.1 Hardware Implementation of Algorithms 63
3.2 Hardware Reduction for Operational Devices 68
3.3 Software Implementation of Algorithms 75
3.4 Heterogeneous Implementation of Computational Algorithms 86
References 94
4 Field Programmable Gate Arrays 95
4.1 Evolution of Programmable Logic Devices 95
4.2 Evolution of FPGAs 101
4.3 Modern FPGAs 108
4.4 Design with FPGAs 113
References 120
5 Implementing Control Algorithms with FPGAs 121
5.1 Implementing Single-Level Circuits 121
5.2 Basic Methods of Structural Decomposition 130
5.3 Replacement of Logical Conditions in EMB-Based Moore FSMs 146
5.4 Replacement of State Registers by Counters 151
References 157
6 Programmable Logic Controllers 159
6.1 Introduction 159
6.2 Classification of PLCs 160
6.3 Architecture of PLC 161
6.4 Principle of Operation of PLC 162
6.5 Programming the PLCs 163
6.6 Introduction to Logical Operators 167
6.7 Finite State Machine 173
References 175
Conclusion 177
Index 178