Biomechanics of the Human Stomach (eBook)

Professor Dr. Roustem Miftahof, MD, PhD, DSc is the Chair of Computational Biology and Medicine Centre in the College of Medicine and Medical Sciences at Arabian Gulf University in Manama, Bahrain. He earned the Doctor of Medicine degree with Honors in 1980 and the degree in Applied Mathematics with Honors in 1981. His PhD in Mathematical and Physical Sciences was related to Numerical simulation of stress-strain distribution in the human stomach and his DSc in Technical Sciences (post-habilitation dissertation) was on Peristaltic waves in biological shells. 

Preface   Notations   Abbreviations   Introduction   Chapter 1. Biological Preliminaries   1.1  Anatomy and physiological background 1.2  Smooth muscle syncytia 1.3  Regulatory system 1.4  Electrophysiology of the stomach 1.5  Neuroendocrine modulators 1.6  Coupling phenomenon 1.7  Biomechanics of the human stomach   Chapter 2. Biomechanics of the Human Stomach 2.1        Constitutive relations for the tissue 2.2  Models of the human stomach 2.3  Models of myoelectrical activity   Chapter 3. Geometry of the Surface   3.1      Intrinsic geometry 3.2      Extrinsic geometry 3.3      Equations of Gauss and Codazzi 3.4      General curvilinear coordinates 3.5      Deformation of the surface       3.6     Equations of compatibility             Chapter 4. Parameterization of Shells of Complex Geometry   4.1        Fictitious deformations 4.2        Parameterization of the equidistant surface 4.3        A single function variant of the method of fictitious deformation 4.4        Parameterization of a complex surface in preferred coordinates 4.5       Parameterization of complex surfaces on plane         Chapter 5. Nonlinear Theory of Thin Shells   5.1             Deformation of the shell 5.2             Forces and moments 5.3             Equations of equilibrium   Chapter 6. Continuum Model of the Biological Tissue   6.1         Biocomposite as a mechanochemical continuum 6.2         Biological factor 6.3         Mechanical properties of the human stomach 6.3.1             Uniaxial loading 6.3.2             Biaxial loading 6.3.3             Histomorphological changes in the tissue under loading 6.3.4             Active forces       Chapter 7. Boundary Conditions   7.1           Geometry of the boundary 7.2           Stresses on the boundary 7.3           Static boundary conditions 7.4           Deformations of the edge 7.5           Equations of Gauss-Codazzi for the boundary       Chapter 8. Soft Shells   8.1            Deformations of soft shell 8.2            Principal deformations 8.3            Membrane forces 8.4            Principal membrane forces 8.5            Corollaries of the fundamental assumptions 8.6            Nets 8.7            Equations of motion in general curvilinear coordinates 8.8            Governing equations in orthogonal Cartesian coordinates 8.9            Governing equations in cylindrical coordinates   Chapter 9. The Intrinsic Regulatory Pathways                                              9.1            Biological preliminaries 9.2            Topographical neuronal assemblies in the human stomach 9.3            A model of a neuron 9.4            Inhibitory neural circuit 9.5            Planar neuronal network   Chapter 10. The synapse   10.1System compartmentalization 10.2cAMP-dependent pathway 10.3PLC pathway 10.4Variations in synaptic neurotransmission   Chapter 11. Multiple co-transmission and receptor polymodality   11.1Co-localization and co-transmission by multiple neurotransmitters 11.2Co-transmission by VIP and nitric oxide 11.3Co-transmission by acetylcholine, VIP and nitric oxide 11.4Co-transmission by SP, acetylcholine, VIP and nitric oxide 11.5Co-transmission by serotonin, VIP and nitric oxide 11.6Co-transmission by NPY, acetylcholine and nitric oxide   Chapter 12. A Model of Gastric Smooth Muscle     12.112.2Response of SIP/ganglion to stimulation 12.3The vagal external input 12.4Self-oscillatory dynamics of SIP 12.5Gastric arrhythmia 12.6Effects of co-transmission on the SIP/ganglion unit                     Chapter 13.  Human Stomach as a Soft Biological Shell                   13.2     Basic assumptions 13.3     The stomach as a soft biological shell 13.4     Stress-strain analysis in anatomically variable stomach 13.5     Electromechanical wave phenomenon 13.6     Motility patterns in the physiological stomach 13.7     A model of gastroparesis 13.8     A model of myenteric neuropathy 13.9     A model of gastric arrythmia                               Chapter 14. Pharmacology of Gastric Contractility               14.1Classes of drugs 14.2Current therapies of gastric dysfunction 14.3Model of competitive antagonist action 14.4Model of allosteric interaction 14.5Allosteric modulation of competitive agonist/antagonist action 14.6Model of PDE-4 inhibitor 14.7Effects of existing and prospective drugs on gastric motility                     Chapter 15.  Biomechanics of the Human Stomach after Surgery     15.1           Sleeve gastectomy 15.2           Billroth I and II 15.3           Truncal, partial and selective vagotomy   Chapter 16.  Biomechanics of the Human Stomach in Perspective   16.1Reliability of  models 16.2The Brain-stomach interaction 16.3Applications, pitfalls and future problems   Addendum   Chapter 17.     Existence of solutions                                                                         Chapter 18.     Dynamics of waves in solid deformable structures                            References   Index