Transforming Climate Finance and Green Investment with Blockchains

Alastair Marke is currently a senior climate finance consultant with a listed company in London. He is a seasoned sustainability policy researcher with publications covering a wide range of policy issues, including food and energy security, climate finance, low-carbon investment planning, emissions trading, and associated green growth issues in Europe, Africa, China, Southeast Asia and Australasia. Seeing the dire need to accelerate global efforts to fill the current climate finance gap, on top of his consultancy work, Alastair has recently created the International Core Group on Blockchain Climate Finance, composed of over 40 experts from 20 countries, to study the potential of Blockchain technology to upscale sustainable, environmental and climate finance for developing countries, encompassing energy finance, carbon trading, and new cryptocurrency-based multi-level climate finance transfer mechanisms.

Interlude I: How to Read This Book

Section 1: Scene-Setting - What’s Going On? 1: A Conversation with Dr. Kelce Wilson on the Foundations of the Blockchain Jack Aldane 2: A Conversation with Masterminds in Blockchain and Climate Change Alexander Harris 3: Blockchain 101: What is Blockchain and How Does This Revolutionary Technology Work? Sebastien Meunier 4: Decoding the Current Global Climate Finance Architecture Alastair Marke and Bianca Sylvester

Interlude II

Section 2: Blockchain for Smarter Renewable Energy Deployment 5: How Blockchain can Democratize Global Energy Supply Adam Woodhall 6: How Blockchains Will Industrialize a Renewable Grid Paul R. Brody 7: Efficient Power Markets: Reimagining the Global Market with Ethereum Adam Richard and Rob Hitchens 8: Flexibility Trading Platform—Using Blockchain to Create the Most Efficient Demand-side Response Trading Market Paul Ellis and Joanna Hubbard 9: NRGcoin—A Blockchain-based Reward Mechanism for Both Production and Consumption of Renewable Energy Mihail Mihaylov, Iva´n Razo-Zapata and Ann Nowe´

Interlude III

Section 3: Blockchain for Smoother International Climate Finance Transfers 135 10: Blockchain—Powering and Empowering the Poor in Developing Countries Jane Thomason, Mira Ahmad, Pascale Bronder, Edward Hoyt, Steven Pocock, Julien Bouteloupe, Katrina Donaghy, David Huysman, Tony Willenberg, Ben Joakim, Loretta Joseph, David Martin and David Shrier 11:   Disintermediating the Green Climate Fund Tim Reutemann 12:  COCOA—Crowd Collaboration for Climate Adaptation Gustavo Arciniegas, Iva´n Razo-Zapata and Cristia´n Retamal Gonza´lez 13: Using Smart Algorithms, Machine Learning, and Blockchain Technology to Streamline and Accelerate Dealflow in Climate Finance Neil Salisbury and Jenya Khvatsky 14: Addressing Water Sustainability with Blockchain Technology and Green Finance Anna Poberezhna

Interlude IV

Section 4:  Blockchain for Fraud-Free Emissions Management 15: Central Banks and Blockchains: The Case for Managing Climate Risk with a Positive Carbon Price Delton B. Chen 16: Carbon Deposits—Using Soil and Blockchains to Achieve Net-Zero Emissions Edward Dodge 17: Blockchain Ecosystem for Carbon Markets, Environmental Assets, Rights, and Liabilities: Concept Design and Implementation Anton Galenovich, Sergey Lonshakov and Alexey Shadrin 18: How a Blockchain Network Can Ensure Compliance with Clean Development Mechanism Methodology and Reduce Uncertainty about Achieving Intended Nationally Determined Contributions Steven Dunkel 19: Networked Carbon Markets: Permissionless Innovation with Distributed Ledgers? Adrian Jackson, Ashley Lloyd, Justin Macinante and Markus Hu¨wener

Interlude V

Section 5: Blockchain for Better Green Finance Law Enforcement 20:  How to Trust Green Bonds: Blockchain, Climate, and the Institutional Bond Markets Owen Sanderson 21: Utilizing Blockchain for Better Enforcement of Green Finance Law and Regulations Xiaochen Zhang, Matias Aranguiz, Duoqi Xu, Xing Zhang and Xinran Xu 22: Blockchain and Smart Contracts: Complementing Climate Finance, Legislative Frameworks, and Renewable Energy Projects James Duchenne