Industry Interactive Innovations in Science, Engineering and Technology (eBook)

Dr. Swapan Bhattacharyya (M’06) received his B.Sc. (Hons.) degree in Physics from the University of Calcutta in 1982, the Integrated M. Tech. (B. Tech & M. Tech) degree in Radio Physics and Electronics in 1987 and the Ph.D. degree, all from the University of Calcutta. In 1988, he joined the Tata Group of Companies (TGC) at Jamshedpur, India as a Senior Customer Support Engineer, where he became the Branch Manager (Customer Support) in 1998 and in the next year he joined the Corporate Office – Mumbai as a Corporate Manager.In May 2004, he joined the Asansol Engineering College (India) as a System Manager, where he became the Head of the Department of Computer Science and Engineering since December 2004. At present he is the Head of the Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering at JIS College of Engineering (An Autonomous Institution). He is continuing his research in the field of Semiconductor nanostructures with special focus on Quantum dots for information and communication applications. He has also special interest in natural language processing, and use of IT for rural development. Since 2013, he is one of visiting faculties in Radio Physics and Electronics Department of Calcutta University. Dr. Bhattacharyya was a recipient of a National Scholarship from Government of India. He worked in academic administration of several reputed technical institutes and universities in India. He has published many technical research papers in international journals, in national and international conferences. He served as the convener of technical committee for several national conferences and seminars. He is also the reviewer of IEEE, Journal of Applied Physics. He is a member of IEEE, IEEE Photonics Society and life member of IE (Institute of Engineers, India).Dr. Sabyasachi Sen received his Bachelor, Masters and PhD degree from the prestigious University of Calcutta. He has been associated with academics for nearly 15 years and with research and development activities for 13 years. Over these years, he has served the Institute at the various administrative position including HOD, Physics and Nanoscience and Technology; Dean R&D, Secretary Academic Council of Autonomous JIS College of Engineering. He has 21 publications in Journals of Internal repute which includes premier Journals like Physical Review Letters (Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 257204 (2012); Impact factor: 7.5), Journal of American Chemical Society (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132 (2010)15334; Impact factor: 11, Research Highlight in Nature India, entitled 'Electron spin memory'), Journal of Physical Chemistry C (Impact factor: 4.8), Physical Review B (Impact factor: 3.69), Chem Phys Chem (Impact factor:  3.349), Physical Chem. Chem. Physics (Impact factor: 4.493) and many more. He has published one book chapter in the Hand of Book of Nanophysics. He is presently supervising three research projects funded by DST. In 2008, he received Sir Acharya Prafulla Chandra Roy Award (2007 – 08) from University of Calcutta for contribution in research activities. Apart from this he along with HOD, Chemistry of the JIS College of Engineering has initiated Masters’ Program in Nanoscience and Technology, the technology of next generation.Dr. Meghamala Dutta is presently with JIS College of Engineering as Examination Controller and Senior Faculty in the Department of Biomedical Engineering. Dr. Dutta was formerly the Head, Department of Biomedical Engineering and successfully completed 4 years. A multifaceted leader, who has worked in diverse field across the academia in managing several cutting edge research projects funded by Government of India, organizing National and International Level Conferences with participation from Harvard Medical School and other organizations of repute, authoring several papers in National and International Journals including a book chapter. She has over 12 years of experience in Industry and Academia and has played a key role in technical course design, implementation of new courses, identification of thrust areas essential for industry academia interfacing, governance and research.  A member of IEEE, Dr. Dutta is also the Nominee Chairman under MHRD run Kendriya Vidyalaya. Dr. Dutta has been associated with several industries in developing technical projects, in undergraduate students beneficial for placement. She has been the Nodal Officer for EAP (Equity Action Plan) the prestigious World Bank funded TEQIP Project and is involved with Establishing Finishing Schools, Soft Skill and Communication Skill Development Training Programs.Dr. Papun Biswas received his M.Tech and PhD degree from the University of Calcutta and University of Kalyani , respectively. Dr. Biswas is presently the Teacher in-Charge of the Department of Electrical Engineering, JIS College of Engineering. He has been associated with academics for nearly 12 years and with research and development activities for 9 years. He has 28 publications in international journals, book chapters and international conference proceedings which include Elsevier, Springer and IEEE. He is also the reviewer of IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, Applied Mathematics and Computation, European Journal of Operational Research. He is a member of IEEE and IEEE CSI Society. He has been the Nodal Officer for Procurement of the prestigious World Bank funded TEQIP Project. He is continuing his research on Application of Soft Computing Techniques in the field of Electrical Engineering.Prof. Himadri Chattopadhyay is currently working as Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. He received his PhD degree in the year of 2002. Prof. Chattopadhyay has more than 70 publications in various reputed international journals and international conferences. He has received fellowship and reinvention fellowship from DAAD in the year of 1997 and 2003, respectively. His areas of research interest include transport phenomena/convection, turbulence, heat transfer, augmentation, biofluid dynamics, and material processing.  

Foreword 6
Preface 8
Track 1: Nonconventional Energy and Advanced Power Systems 9
Track 2: Nanotechnology and Applications 9
Track 3: Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence 10
Track 4: Digital Signal and Image Processing 10
Track 5: Modern Instrumentation, Control, Robotics and Automation 11
Track 6: Civil Engineering and Structural Design 12
Track 7: Real-time and Embedded Systems, Communication and Devices 12
Track 8: Advanced Optimization Techniques 13
Track 9: Biotechnology, Biomedical Instrumentation and Bioinformatics 13
Track 10: Outcome Based Education 14
Conference Committee 15
International and Industry Relations 15
Registration and Reception 16
Hospitality (Travel, Accommodation, Refreshment) 16
Venue Preparation and Stage Management 17
Communication (Website, E-Communication Publicity and Media Outreach) 17
Volunteer and Student Management 17
Contents 18
Editors and Contributors 24
About JIS College of Engineering 35
Nonconventional Energy and Advanced Power System 39
1 Comparison of Solar and Jovian Radio Emission at 20.1 MHz 40
Abstract 40
1 Introduction 40
2 Simultaneous Study of the Sun and the Jupiter 41
3 Recording Instrument for the Solar and Jovian Emission 41
4 Comparison of Yearly Visibility of the Sun and the Jupiter and Dates for Jupiter Observation 42
5 Comparison of Solar and Jovian Radio Bursts 43
6 Discussion 45
References 46
2 Characteristics of Solar PV Array Implemented in Matlab Software 47
Abstract 47
1 Introduction 47
1.1 Extraterrestrial Irradiation of Solar 48
1.2 Radiation Components of Solar Beam 48
2 Photovoltaic Model and Its Governing Equation 50
3 Equivalent Circuit 51
4 Simulation Model of PV Array with Its P–V and V–I Characteristics 53
5 Matlab Coding Output of PV Array with Its P–V and V–I Characteristics 54
6 Conclusion 54
Acknowledgements 55
References 55
3 Determination of Yield Coefficients of Methane and Carbon Dioxide in Methanogenesis to Predict the Overall Performance of a Biogas Digester 56
Abstract 56
1 Introduction 56
2 Materials and Methods 57
2.1 Substrate 57
2.2 Separation of Methanogenic Bacterial Consortia from the Reaction Broth 57
2.3 Preparation of the Seed Culture for the Digester 58
2.4 Analysis of the Biogas 58
3 Theoretical Analysis 58
4 Results and Discussion 59
4.1 Methanogenesis 59
5 Conclusion 61
Acknowledgements 62
References 62
4 A Novel Algorithm for Economic Load Dispatch Using a New Optimization Technique 63
Abstract 63
1 Introduction 63
2 Problem Formulation 65
3 Jaya Algorithm 66
4 Results and Discussion 67
5 Conclusion 69
References 70
5 Investigating Economic Emission Dispatch Problem Using Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Technique 71
Abstract 71
1 Introduction 72
2 Problem Formulation 72
2.1 Weighted Sum Method 73
2.2 Non-dominated Approach 73
2.3 Best Compromise Solution 74
3 Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) 74
3.1 TVAC-PSO Components 75
4 Case Study and Results 76
5 Conclusion 78
Acknowledgements 78
References 79
6 Design of Rule-Based Load Frequency Controller for Multi-machine System 80
Abstract 80
1 Introduction 80
2 Development of System Model 81
3 Objective Function 84
4 Genetic Algorithm 84
5 Proposed Rule-Based Gain Scheduling Controller 84
6 Result 85
7 Conclusion 88
Appendix 88
References 89
7 Soft Computing Approach to Electrical Transmission Network Congestion Management 91
Abstract 91
1 Introduction 91
2 Problem Statement 92
2.1 Problem Objectives 93
2.2 Objective Constraints 94
3 Proposed Approach 95
3.1 Overview 95
3.2 Compromise Solution 95
4 Application of the Proposed Approach 96
5 Performance Analysis 100
6 Conclusions 101
References 101
8 Effect of Surface-to-Volume Ratio on Eigenenergy in Quantum Ring 103
Abstract 103
1 Introduction 104
2 Mathematical Modeling 104
3 Results and Discussions 106
4 Conclusion 109
References 109
Nanotechnology and Applications 111
9 Unusual Conductance Characteristics in Single Electron Transistor 112
Abstract 112
1 Introduction 112
2 Mathematical Formulation 113
3 Results and Discussions 114
4 Conclusion 118
References 118
10 Conductivity, Dielectric and Impedance Property Analysis of Y1–XLaxCrO3 Nanoparticles 120
Abstract 120
1 Introduction 120
2 Experimental Technique 121
3 Results and Discussions 121
3.1 XRD and TEM Analysis 121
3.2 Conductivity Analysis 123
3.3 Dielectric Property Analysis 124
3.4 Impedance Analysis 125
4 Conclusion 126
Acknowledgements 126
References 127
Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence 128
11 Generic Object Detection Framework with Spatially Pooled Features 129
Abstract 129
1 Introduction 129
2 Related Work 130
3 Our Approach 131
3.1 Object Subclassification 131
3.2 Feature Extraction 132
3.3 Compute CNN Features with Dense Features 133
3.4 Online Training 133
4 Experiments 134
5 Conclusion 134
References 135
12 Hybrid PSACGA Algorithm for Job Scheduling to Minimize Makespan in Heterogeneous Grids 136
Abstract 136
1 Introduction 137
2 Proposed Method 138
2.1 Particle Swarm Optimization 138
2.2 Ant Colony Optimization 139
2.3 Genetic Algorithm 141
2.4 Proposed Hybrid PSACGA Algorithm 141
3 Simulation Results 144
4 Conclusion 147
References 147
13 Survey of Various Real and Non-real-time Scheduling Algorithms in Mobile Ad hoc Networks 150
Abstract 150
1 Introduction 151
2 Literature Survey of Scheduling Algorithms in MANETS 152
2.1 Non-real-time Scheduling 152
2.1.1 First Cum First Serve (FCFS) 152
2.1.2 According to Size and Number of Hops 153
2.1.3 URS and NURS Scheme 153
2.1.4 Fuzzy QoS Controllers Based Priority Scheduler for Mobile Ad hoc Networks 154
2.1.5 Congestion Aware Scheduling Algorithm (CARE) for MANETs 154
2.1.6 Channel Aware Packet Scheduling for MANETs 154
2.1.7 ELQS: An Energy Efficient and Load Balanced Queue Scheduling for MANETs 155
2.1.8 Dynamic Congestion Control with Multihop Scheduling Algorithm for MANETs 155
2.1.9 Fair Scheduling 155
2.1.10 Dev-Ns 155
2.2 Real-Time Scheduling 156
2.2.1 Real-Time Traffic Support in Large-Scale MANETs 156
2.2.2 Opportunistic Packet Scheduling 156
2.2.3 Cross-Layer Packet Scheduling 157
2.2.4 Edf 157
2.2.5 Dynamic Multilevel Priority (DMP) 157
2.2.6 Low Latency Queuing (LLQ) Algorithm 158
2.2.7 Delay Sensitive Packet Scheduling Algorithm for MANETs 158
2.2.8 FSRP 159
3 Conclusion 160
References 160
14 Double Ended Bottom-Up Approach of Data Warehouse Architecture Employing Country ISO Code Engendered Cryptographic Algorithm 163
Abstract 163
1 Introduction 164
2 Literature Review 164
3 Proposed Work 165
3.1 Salient Points of Country ISO Code Engendered Cryptographic Technique 165
3.2 ASCII Table Modification 167
3.3 Encryption Modus Operandi 168
3.4 Sequential Attainment of Cipher Text 168
3.5 Decryption Modus Operandi 169
4 Result Analysis 170
5 Working of Double Ended Bottom-Up Approach of Data Warehouse Architecture Employing Country ISO Code Engendered Cryptographic Algorithm 172
6 Conclusion 173
References 174
15 Factors Affecting Crime Against Women Using Regression and K-Means Clustering Techniques 176
Abstract 176
1 Introduction 177
2 Related Study 177
3 Objective Study 178
4 Identification and Significance of Factors Affecting the Crime Against Women 178
5 Validation of Factors 178
5.1 Data Normality 178
5.2 Hypothesis Formulation of Factors 179
5.3 Regression Model for Each Factor 180
6 Ranking of Factors 184
7 K-Means Clustering Technique 184
7.1 Finding and Interpretation 186
8 Conclusion and Future Scope 188
References 189
16 Energy Efficient Data Gathering in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Rough Fuzzy C-Means and ACO 190
Abstract 190
1 Introduction 191
2 Related Works 192
3 Proposed Method 193
3.1 Cluster Formation Using RFCM 194
3.2 Chain Formation Using Ant Colony Optimization 195
3.3 Chain Leader and Super Leader Election Using Fuzzy Logic 196
4 Simulation Environment and Results 196
5 Conclusion 198
Acknowledgements 198
References 198
17 AI Doctor: An Intelligent Approach for Medical Diagnosis 200
Abstract 200
1 Introduction 200
2 Background Study 201
3 Methodology 202
3.1 Description of the Work 203
3.2 Implementation of AI Tool 203
4 Result and Analysis 205
5 Conclusion and Future Scope 209
References 209
18 An Online Trend Detection Strategy for Twitter Using Mann–Kendall Non-parametric Test 211
Abstract 211
1 Introduction 211
2 Related Work 212
3 Proposed Methodology 213
4 Materials and Methods 215
5 Results and Discussion 216
5.1 Time Taken in Preprocessing and Trend Detection 216
5.2 Trends and Their Significance 217
6 Conclusions 218
References 218
Digital Signal and Image Processing 220
19 Full Reference Image Quality Assessment: A Survey 221
Abstract 221
1 Introduction 221
2 FR-IQA Indices 222
2.1 PSNR/MSE (Mean Squared Error) 222
2.2 Information Content Weighted (ICW) MSE and PSNR 222
2.3 Universal Quality Index (UQI) 223
2.4 Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) 223
2.5 Multi-scale SSIM (MS-SSIM) 225
2.6 Information Content Weighted (ICW) MS-SSIM 225
2.7 Visual Information Fidelity (VIF) Criterion 226
2.8 Gradient Magnitude Similarity Deviation (GMSD) Index 228
2.9 Feature Similarity Index Measure (FSIM) 229
2.10 Color Image Quality Assessment 230
3 Conclusions and Scope of Future Works 231
References 231
20 A Framework for Face Recognition Based on Fuzzy Minimal Structure Oscillation and Independent Component Analysis 233
Abstract 233
1 Introduction 233
2 Review of Literature 234
2.1 Definition 1 [5] 235
2.2 Definition 2 [5] 235
2.3 Fuzzy m_{x}^{/ast }-Structure or Minimal Structure Oscillation on Image Comparison: [5] 235
3 Feature Coordinate-Based ICA 236
4 Face Recognition Based on Fuzzy Minimal Structure Oscillation and Independent Component Analysis 237
5 Experiment 238
6 Conclusion 240
References 240
Modern Instrumentation, Control, Robotics and Automation 242
21 Computing Reflectance of Three-Layer Surface Plasmon-Based Sensor at Visible Spectra 243
Abstract 243
1 Introduction 243
2 Mathematical Formulation 244
3 Results and Discussions 246
4 Conclusion 249
References 250
22 Newton–Krylov Subspace Method to Study Structure Parameter Optimization in Rib Waveguide Communication 251
Abstract 251
1 Introduction 251
2 Theoretical Reviews and Numerical Computation 253
3 Results and Discussion 256
4 Conclusions 259
Acknowledgements 259
References 260
23 Fuzzy-Tuned SIMC Controller for Level Control Loop 261
Abstract 261
1 Introduction 262
2 Proposed Auto-Tuned Controller Design 262
2.1 SIMC Technique 262
2.2 Proposed Fuzzy Rule-Based Auto-Tuned SIMC Controller 263
2.3 Membership Function 263
2.4 Rule Base 264
3 Model Identification 264
4 Real-Time Experimentation 265
5 Results 265
6 Conclusion 266
References 267
24 Utilization of Electromagnetic Sensor for Structural Characterization of Steels During Processing and in-Service Components 268
Abstract 268
1 Introduction 268
2 Principle of Magnetic Sensor 269
3 Experimentation 269
4 Results and Discussion 270
4.1 Sa213 T22 270
4.2 IF Steel 273
5 Conclusions 274
References 275
25 Developing a Smart Navigator for Surveillance in Unmanned Zones 276
Abstract 276
1 Introduction 276
2 Experimental 277
2.1 Apparatus 277
2.2 Features 277
3 Conclusion 283
References 284
26 A Simple Flow Measurement System for Rotameters Using Webcam 285
Abstract 285
1 Introduction 285
1.1 Image Processing 286
1.2 Template Matching Technique 286
2 Experimental 286
3 Conclusion 289
References 290
27 Sensor Search Using Clustering Technique in a Massive IoT Environment 291
Abstract 291
1 Introduction 291
2 Literature Survey 292
3 Proposed Work 293
3.1 High-Level Model Overview 293
3.2 Cluster Formation 295
3.3 Device Classification 296
3.4 Query Decomposition 296
3.5 Search 298
4 Results and Discussion 299
5 Conclusion 301
References 301
28 Assessment of Occupational Risks in Construction Sites Using Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process 302
Abstract 302
1 Introduction 302
2 Some Basic Concepts 303
2.1 T2 FS 303
2.2 IT2 FS 304
2.3 Trapezoidal IT2 FS 304
2.4 Arithmetic Operations on Trapezoidal IT2 FS 305
2.4.1 Addition 305
2.4.2 Multiplication 305
3 Proposed Methodology 306
3.1 Knowledge Acquisition and Data Collection 306
3.2 Identification of Risk Factors 306
3.3 Hierarchical Model for Risk Assessment 306
3.4 Evaluation of Weight of Risk Factors 307
3.4.1 Methodology for Weight Evaluation Using IT2 FAHP 307
3.5 Assessment of Overall Risk Level Score 309
4 Assessment of Risk on a Construction Site: A Case Study 309
4.1 Results and Discussions 312
5 Conclusions 314
Acknowledgements 315
References 315
29 Comparative Evaluation of Capacity Analysis and Probability Distribution of Elements for Different Iterative Values of MIMO 317
Abstract 317
1 Introduction 317
2 MIMO Technology and SVD-Based Channel Decomposition 318
3 MIMO Channel Correlation and Different Channel Model of MIMO 319
4 Simulation and Experimental Results 321
5 Conclusion 324
References 324
30 Server Utilization-Based Smart Temperature Monitoring System for Cloud Data Center 326
Abstract 326
1 Introduction 327
2 Related Work 328
3 Methodology 331
3.1 Proposed Algorithm 332
4 Result and Discussion 334
5 Conclusion 335
References 335
Civil Engineering and Structural Design 337
31 Assessment of Uncontrolled Intersections Through Calibration of VISSIM for Indian Traffic Conditions 338
Abstract 338
1 Introduction 339
2 Review of Previous Literatures 340
3 Methodology Adopted for the Study 341
4 Data Collection and Extraction 342
5 Preliminary Analysis of Video-Graphic Data 343
5.1 Traffic Composition and Speed Data Analysis 343
6 Microscopic Simulation 345
6.1 Introduction 345
6.2 Identification of Calibration Parameters 347
7 Results and Analysis 349
7.1 Data Collection and Node Evaluation Results from VISSIM 349
8 Summary and Conclusions 352
Acknowledgements 352
References 353
Real-time and Embedded Systems, Communication and Devices 354
32 Electromagnetic Band Structure Computation of Metamaterial/Air Composition from First Principle for Optical Filter Application 355
Abstract 355
1 Introduction 355
2 Mathematical Formulation 356
3 Results and Discussions 358
4 Conclusion 360
References 360
33 Mobility Prediction for Dynamic Location Area in Cellular Network Using Hidden Markov Model 362
Abstract 362
1 Introduction 362
2 Hidden Markov Model 363
3 Implementation 365
4 Result 365
5 Conclusion and Future Work 366
References 367
34 Neighbor Constraint Traffic Centric Distributed Sinkhole Detection and Mitigation Approach for Quality of Service Improvement in Wireless Sensor Networks 369
Abstract 369
1 Introduction 370
2 Literature Survey 370
3 Proposed NCTC Method 371
3.1 Neighbor Centric Data Collection 372
3.2 Traffic Inference 372
3.3 Sinkhole Detection 373
4 Performance Evaluation 374
4.1 Throughput Performance 375
4.2 Packet Delivery Ratio 376
5 Conclusions 377
References 377
35 Moving Object Detection Using Local Binary Pattern and Gaussian Background Model 379
Abstract 379
1 Introduction 379
2 Proposed Algorithm 381
2.1 Local Binary Pattern 381
2.2 Background Construction 382
2.3 Moving Object Detection and Background Updation 383
3 Experiments and Evaluation 384
3.1 Qualitative Assessment 385
4 Conclusion and Future Work 387
References 388
36 Design of CMOS Integrator Circuit for Sigma Delta ADC for Aerospace Application 389
Abstract 389
1 Introduction 389
2 Methodology 391
3 Simulation and Result 392
4 Conclusion 394
Acknowledgements 394
References 394
37 Aspects of Low-Power High-Speed CMOS VLSI Design: A Review 396
Abstract 396
1 Introduction 396
2 Moore's Law 397
3 MOSFET 397
4 Power Dissipation 398
4.1 Static Power 398
4.2 Dynamic Capacitive Power 399
4.3 Dynamic Short-Circuit Power 399
5 Power Dissipation Reduction Techniques 400
5.1 Lowering the Capacitance 400
5.2 Lowering the Operating Frequency 401
5.3 Lowering the Supply Voltage 401
5.3.1 Variable Threshold Voltage (VTCMOS) 401
5.3.2 Multiple Threshold Voltage (MTCMOS) 401
5.3.3 Dynamic Threshold Voltage (DTCMOS) 403
5.4 Lowering the Activity Factor 403
5.4.1 Clock Gating 403
5.5 Lowering the Rise Time, Fall Time, and Propagation Delay 404
6 Conclusion 404
References 405
38 An Intelligent Beta Reputation and Dynamic Trust Model for Secure Communication in Wireless Networks 406
Abstract 406
1 Introduction 406
2 Literature Survey 407
3 Proposed Work 408
4 Results and Discussion 410
5 Conclusion 412
References 412
39 Effect of Incidence Angle on Optical Bandwidth in Ternary Photonic Crystal for Filter Application 414
Abstract 414
1 Introduction 414
2 Mathematical Modeling 415
3 Results and Discussions 416
4 Conclusion 420
References 420
Energy-Efficient Connected Target Coverage in Multi-hop Wireless Sensor Networks 422
1 Introduction 422
2 Related Work 423
3 Problem Formulation 424
4 Definitions and Models 425
4.1 Definitions 425
4.2 Network Model 425
4.3 Traffic Model 426
5 Distributed Data Gathering for Connected Target Coverage 426
5.1 Data Gathering Algorithm 426
5.2 Incorporating Mobility 427
6 Performance Evaluation 429
7 Conclusion 431
References 431
41 Optimal Sink Placement in Wireless Sensor Networks to Increase Network Performance 433
Abstract 433
1 Introduction 433
2 Related Work 435
3 Problem Formulation 435
4 Sink Placement for Deterministic Node Deployment 436
5 Sink Placement for Random Node Deployment 437
6 Performance Evaluation 439
6.1 Number of Sinks in Deterministic Approach 440
6.2 Number of Sinks in Random Approach 441
7 Conclusions 442
References 442
42 Performance Evaluation of Flash ADCs in Presence of Offsets Using Hot Code Generator and Bit Swap Logic (BSL) 444
Abstract 444
1 Introduction 444
1.1 Bubble Error and Their Orders 446
1.2 Thermometer to One-Hot Code (TMO2H) and Bit Swap Logic (BSL) 447
2 Implementation 450
3 Conclusion 453
References 453
Advanced Optimization Techniques 455
43 Optimal Sensing Time Analysis for Efficient Data Transmission in Multiple Amplify-Forward Cognitive Relay Assisted Network 456
Abstract 456
1 Introduction 456
2 Description of System Exemplary 457
3 Mathematical Analysis on Sensing Time and Relay Amplification 460
4 Result Analysis 462
5 Conclusion 463
References 463
44 R Implementation of Bayesian Decision Theoretic Rough Set Model for Attribute Reduction 465
Abstract 465
1 Introduction 465
2 Theoretical Background 466
2.1 Pawlak’s Rough Set Model [7] 466
2.2 Reduct and Significance of the Reducts [7] 467
2.3 Bayesian Decision Theoretic Rough Set [1, 2] 467
3 The BDTRS Model 468
3.1 Processing Steps 468
3.2 Algorithms 469
3.3 Execution of BDTRS Based Functions in R Environment 470
4 Results of Comparative Study 470
5 Conclusion 471
Acknowledgements: 471
References 472
45 CBSTD: A Cloud Based Symbol Table Driven DNA Compression Algorithm 473
Abstract 473
1 Introduction 473
2 Proposed Method 476
2.1 Compression 477
2.2 Decompression 478
2.3 Deploying the Application in Cloud 479
3 Conclusion 480
References 481
46 Optimization of E-Jet Based Micro-manufacturing Process Using Desirability Function Analysis 483
Abstract 483
1 Introduction 483
2 Proposed Methodology 485
2.1 Desirability Functional Analysis (DFA) 486
2.2 Desirability Function 486
2.3 Composite Desirability Function 487
3 Results and Discussions 487
4 Conclusions 489
Acknowledgements 489
References 489
47 A Heuristic Path Search for Congestion Control in WSN 491
Abstract 491
1 Introduction 492
2 Related Work 493
3 System Model 494
4 Congestion Checkpoint and Control Mechanism 495
4.1 Congestion Factor 495
4.2 Buffer Length 495
4.3 Proposed Framework 496
4.3.1 Fuzzification Process 497
4.3.2 Best Goal-Based Path Selection 497
4.3.3 Defuzzification Process 498
5 Simulation Results and Discussions 499
6 Conclusion 500
References 501
48 Alignment-Independent Sequence Analysis Based on Interval Distribution: Application to Subtyping and Classification of Viral Sequences 502
Abstract 502
1 Introduction 502
2 Problem Identification and Our Contribution 503
3 Materials and Method 504
3.1 Exploring Patterns 504
3.2 Formalizing the Method 507
3.3 Distance Measure Between Genomes Based on Parameter of Interval Distributions 508
3.4 Workflow of the Method 508
3.5 Time Complexity of the Algorithm 509
4 Experiment 509
4.1 Datasets: HIV Virus Genomes 509
4.1.1 Training Data 509
4.1.2 Classification Data 509
4.2 Results and Discussion 510
4.2.1 Subtyping of HIV Virus 510
4.2.2 Classification of HIV Viruses 510
5 Conclusion 512
References 513
Biotechnology, Biomedical Instrumentation and Bioinformatics 514
49 Automated Glaucoma Detection from Fundus Images of Eye Using Statistical Feature Extraction Methods and Support Vector Machine Classification 515
Abstract 515
1 Introduction 515
2 Methodology 517
2.1 Preprocessing 517
2.2 Feature Extraction 518
2.3 Classification 520
3 Experimental Results and Discussion 522
4 Conclusion 524
References 524
50 Classification of EEG Analysis for Sleep Detection Using Wavelet Transform and Neural Network 526
Abstract 526
1 Introduction 526
2 Related Work 527
3 Design Approach and Details 527
4 Description and Goals 528
5 Results 531
6 Algorithm 534
7 Performance Analysis 535
8 Summary 536
References 536
51 On Blood Flow Through an Overlapping Stenosed Artery 537
Abstract 537
1 Introduction 537
2 Mathematical Formulation 538
3 Analytical Solutions of the Problem 540
4 Numerical Results and Discussions 542
5 Conclusions 546
References 546
52 An Energy-Efficient Congestion Avoidance Priority-Based Routing Algorithm for Body Area Network 547
Abstract 547
1 Introduction 547
2 Proposed Method 549
2.1 Control Information 550
2.2 Actual Data 550
2.3 Selection of Node for Sending Information Through 550
3 Test Result 552
4 Conclusion 553
References 553
53 Dynamic Thresholding with Tabu Search for Detection of Hard Exudates in Retinal Image 555
Abstract 555
1 Introduction 555
2 Earlier Methods 556
3 Proposed Methodology 556
3.1 Sobel Edge Detector 556
3.2 Hough Transform 557
3.3 Dynamic Thresholding with Tabu Search 558
3.4 Image Addition 559
4 Results 559
5 Conclusions 561
Acknowledgements 561
References 561
54 Application of Chaos Game in Tri-Nucleotide Representation for the Comparison of Coding Sequences of ?-Globin Gene 563
Abstract 563
1 Introduction 563
2 Methodology 564
3 Result and Discussion 567
4 Conclusion 568
References 568
55 Computational Methodologies Followed in Structure Based In-Silico Drug Design: An Example 570
Abstract 570
1 Introduction 570
1.1 Identification of Novel Inhibitors 571
2 Methodology 572
2.1 Modeling of InhA-Inhibitor Complexes by Docking 572
2.2 Molecular Dynamics Simulation 573
3 Results and Discussions 573
Acknowledgements 574
References 574
56 A Study on Data Acquisition and Analysis in Real Time for Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease in Real Time Using Indigenous Low-Cost CHMS 576
Abstract 576
1 Introduction 577
2 Methodology 578
3 Results 580
3.1 ECG Signal Recorded Using CHMS 581
3.2 Photoplethysmography Signal Obtained Using CHMS 582
3.3 Heart Sound Signal Recorded CHMS 582
4 Data Analysis and Interpretation 582
5 Conclusion 587
Acknowledgements 588
References 588
Outcome Based Education 589
57 Some Limitations of Outcome-Based Education 590
Abstract 590
1 Introduction 590
1.1 Objections to Outcome-Based Education 592
2 An Alternative: The Procedural-Inquiry Model 593
3 Teaching and Learning 596
4 Conclusions 597
58 Activity-Based Learning (ABL) for Engaging Engineering Students 599
Abstract 599
1 Introduction 599
2 Traditional Teaching Versus ABL 600
3 Paradigm Shift from Teacher-Centric to Student-Centric Approach 601
4 Reason Behind This Shift 602
5 How ABL Helps Overall Growth of Students Learning Ability 603
6 Contribution of ABL in Outcome-Based Education 604
7 Conclusion 605
8 Future Scope 605
References 605
59 Realization of Outcome-Based Education through Teaching Learning Methodology in Engineering Institution 606
Abstract 606
1 Introduction 607
2 Related Work 607
3 Methodology: Process for Defining Vision and Mission 608
4 Conclusion 614
References 614
Author Index 616