Pollutant Dispersion in Built Environment (eBook)

Preface 5
Contents 7
1 Introduction 9
1.1 Pollutant Dispersion and Haze in Built Environment 9
1.2 Literature Review 10
1.2.1 Experimental Methods and Results 10
1.2.2 Numerical Methods and Results 13
1.3 Contents of This Book 19
References 19
2 Heat Transfer and Pollutant Dispersion in Street Canyons 25
2.1 Introduction 25
2.2 The Behavior of Pollutant Dispersion 26
2.3 Mathematical Model 29
2.4 Meshing Skills 35
2.5 Computational Method 35
2.6 Verification 36
2.7 Results and Discussion 37
2.7.1 Comparison of 2D Flow Characteristics 37
2.7.2 Comparison of 3D Flow Characteristics 54
2.8 Conclusions 61
References 62
3 Thermal Comfort and Pollutant Transport in Outdoor Street Buildings 65
3.1 Introduction 65
3.2 The Description of Model 66
3.2.1 The Physical Model 66
3.2.2 Mathematical Model and Numerical Method 67
3.2.3 Boundary Conditions 69
3.2.4 Simulation Assessment 69
3.3 Block Dimension 71
3.3.1 The Wind Thermal Working Conditions in Summer 71
3.3.2 The Wind Thermal Working Conditions in Winter 75
3.4 Conclusions 83
References 83
4 Filed Synergy Analysis on Pollutant Dispersion in Built Environment 85
4.1 Introduction 85
4.2 Field Synergy Principle of Mass Transfer 87
4.3 Physical and Mathematical Model 89
4.3.1 Physical Model 89
4.3.2 Mathematical Model 90
4.3.3 Calculation of Solar Radiation 92
4.3.4 Boundary Conditions 93
4.3.5 Meshing Skills 95
4.3.6 The Numerical and Computational Model 95
4.4 Results and Discussions 96
4.4.1 2D Model Analysis 96
4.4.1.1 Characteristics of the Flow Field for Various Street Widths in 2D Model 96
4.4.1.2 Analysis of the Mass Field Synergy for Various ACV in 2D Model 100
4.4.1.3 Analysis of the Mass Field Synergy for Various Street Widths in 2D Model 102
4.4.1.4 Further Explain the Mass Field Synergy Phenomenon in 2D Model 104
4.4.2 3D Model Analysis 105
4.4.2.1 Characteristics of the Flow Field for Various ACV in y = 12B Plane 106
4.4.2.2 Characteristics of the Flow Field for Various ACV in z = 2B Plane 112
4.4.2.3 Analysis of the Mass Field Synergy for Various ACV in 3D Model 114
4.5 Conclusions 116
References 116
5 A Solar Chimney with an Inverted U-Type Cooling Tower to Mitigate Urban Air Pollution 120
5.1 Introduction 120
5.2 Model Description 121
5.2.1 System Mechanism 121
5.2.2 Geometric Model 122
5.2.3 Mathematical Model 123
5.2.4 Boundary Conditions 125
5.2.5 Numerical Method 126
5.3 Results and Analysis 127
5.4 Conclusion 131
References 132
Index 134