Alison Balter's Mastering Access 2002 Desktop Development

Alison Balter is the president of InfoTechnology Partners, Inc., a computer consulting firm based in Westlake Village, California. Alison is a highly experienced independent trainer and consultant specializing in Windows applications training and development. During her 18 years in the computer industry, she has trained and consulted with many corporations and government agencies. Since Alison founded InfoTechnology Partners, Inc. (formerly Marina Consulting Group) in 1990, its client base has expanded to include major corporations and government agencies such as Shell Oil, Accenture, Northrop, the Drug Enforcement Administration, Prudential Insurance, Transamerica Insurance, Fox Broadcasting, the United States Navy, and others. InfoTechnology Partners, Inc. is a Microsoft Certified Partner. Alison is a Microsoft Certified Professional. Alison was one of the first professionals in the computer industry to become a Microsoft Certified Solutions Developer (MCSD). Alison is the author of more than 300 internationally marketed computer-training videos for KeyStone Learning Systems Corporation, including seven Access 2.0 videos, eleven Access 95 videos, thirteen Access 97 videos, eighteen Access 2000 videos, nine Visual Basic for Applications videos, and three VBScript videos. She travels throughout North America giving training seminars in Microsoft Access, Visual Basic, Microsoft SQL Server, Visual Studio.NET, Visual InterDev, and Visual Basic for Applications. She is also featured in several live satellite television broadcasts for National Technological University. Alison is a regular contributing columnist for Access/Office/VB Advisor as well as other computer publications. She is also a regular on the Access, Visual Basic, SQL Server, and Visual InterDev national speaker circuits. She was one of four speakers on the Visual Basic 4.0 and 5.0 World Tours, a seminar series co-sponsored by Application Developers Training Company and Microsoft. Alison is also a co-author of three other Access books published by Sams Publishing: Essential Access 95, Access 95 Unleashed, and Access 97 Unleashed. An active participant in many user groups and other organizations, Alison is a past president of the Independent Computer Consultants Association of Los Angeles and of the Los Angeles Clipper UsersÕ Group. On a personal note, Alison keeps herself busy skiing, running, lifting weights, hiking, traveling, flying, and dancing. She most enjoys spending time with her husband, Dan, their daughter Alexis, and their son Brendan. Alison's firm, InfoTechnology Partners, Inc., is available for consulting work and on-site training in Microsoft Access, Visual Basic, SQL Server, Visual Studio.NET, and Visual InterDev, as well as for Windows NT, Windows 95/98, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows 2002 Server, PC networking, and Microsoft Exchange Server. Contact Alison by electronic mail at Alison@InfoTechnologyPartners.com, or visit InfoTechnology PartnersÕ Web site at www.InfoTechnologyPartners.com.

(NOTE: Each chapter concludes with a summary.)

Introduction.
I. THE BASICS OF ACCESS DEVELOPMENT.

1. Access as a Development Tool.


Why This Chapter Is Important. What Types of Applications Can You Develop in Access? Access as a Scalable Product. What Exactly Is a Database? Getting to Know the Database Objects. Object Naming Conventions. Hardware Requirements. How Do I Get Started Developing an Access Application? What's New in Access 2002.

2. What Every Developer Needs to Know About Tables.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Building a New Table. Selecting the Appropriate Field Type for Your Data. Working with Field Properties. The All-Important Primary Key. Working with the Lookup Feature. Working with Table Properties. Using Indexes to Improve Performance. Access Tables and the Internet. Working with PivotTable and PivotChart Views.

3. Relationships: Your Key to Data Integrity.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Introduction to Relational Database Design. Establishing Relationships in Access. Establishing Referential Integrity. Looking at the Benefits of Relationships. Examining Indexes and Relationships.

4. What Every Developer Needs to Know About Query Basics.


Why This Chapter Is Important? What Is a Query, and When Should You Use One? Everything You Need to Know About Query Basics. Ordering Your Query Result. Refining Your Query with Criteria. Working with Dates in Criteria. Understanding How Query Results Can Be Updated. Building Queries Based on Multiple Tables. Creating Calculated Fields. Getting Help from the Expression Builder. Summarizing Data with Totals Queries. Excluding Fields from the Output. Nulls and Query Results. Refining Your Queries with Field, Field List, and Query Properties. Building Parameter Queries When You Don't Know the Criteria at Design. Time.

5. What Every Developer Needs to Know About Forms.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Uses of Forms. Anatomy of a Form. Creating a New Form. Working with the Form Design Window. Selecting the Correct Control for the Job. Control Morphing. Conditional Formatting. What Form Properties Are Available, and Why Should You Use Them? What Control Properties Are Available, and Why Use Them? Bound, Unbound, and Calculated Controls. Using Expressions to Enhance Your Forms. The Command Button Wizards: Programming Without Typing. Building Forms Based on More Than One Table. Basing Forms on Queries: The Why and How. Access Forms and the Internet.

6. What Every Developer Needs to Know About Reports.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Types of Reports Available. Anatomy of a Report. Creating a New Report. Working with the Report Design Window. Selecting the Correct Control for the Job. What Report Properties Are Available and Why Use Them. What Control Properties Are Available and Why Use Them. Inserting Page Breaks. Unbound, Bound, and Calculated Controls. Using Expressions to Enhance Your Reports. Building Reports Based on More Than One Table. Working with Sorting and Grouping. Improving Performance and Reusability by Basing Reports on Stored. Queries or Embedded SQL Statements. Access Reports and the Internet.

7. VBA: An Introduction.


Why This Chapter Is Important. VBA Explained. What Are Access Class Modules, Standard Modules, Form Modules, and Report Modules? Working with Variables. Adding Comments to Your Code. Using the Line Continuation Character. Using the VBA Control Structures. Passing Parameters and Returning Values. Executing Procedures from the Module Window. The DoCmd Object: Performing Macro Actions. Working with Built-In Functions. Working with Constants. Tools for Working in the Visual Basic Editor. Customizing the VBE.

8. Objects, Properties, Methods, and Events Explained.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Understanding Objects, Properties, Events, and Methods. Using the Object Browser to Learn About Access's Objects. Referring to Objects. Properties and Methods Made Easy. Declaring and Assigning Object Variables. Understanding the Differences Between Objects and Collections. Passing Objects to Subroutines and Functions. Determining the Type of a Control. Special Properties That Refer to Objects. Understanding Access's Object Model. New Access 2002 Properties.

9. Advanced Form Techniques.


Why This Chapter Is Important. What Are the Form Events, and When Do You Use Them? What Are the Section and Control Events, and When Do You Use Them? Referring to Me. What Types of Forms Can I Create, and When Are They Appropriate? Using Built-In Dialog Boxes. Adding Custom Menus, Toolbars, and Shortcut Menus to Your Forms. Taking Advantage of Built-In, Form-Filtering Features. Including Objects from Other Applications: Linking Versus Embedding. OpenArgs. Switching a Form's RecordSource. Power Combo Box and List Box Techniques. Power Subform Techniques. Synchronizing a Form with Its Underlying Recordset. Creating Custom Properties and Methods.

10. Advanced Report Techniques.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Events Available for Reports, and When to Use Them. Order of Events for Reports. Events Available for Report Sections, and When to Use Them. Programmatically Manipulating Report Sections. Special Report Properties. Controlling the Printer. Practical Applications of Report Events and Properties.

11. Advanced Query Techniques.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Action Queries. Special Query Properties. Optimizing Queries. Crosstab Queries. Outer Joins. Self Joins. Understanding SQL. Union Queries. Pass-Through Queries. The Propagation of Nulls and Query Results. Subqueries. Using SQL to Update Data. Using SQL for Data Definition. Using the Result of a Function as the Criteria for a Query. Passing Parameter Query Values from a Form. Jet 4.0 ANSI-92 Extensions.

12. Advanced VBA Techniques.


Why This Chapter Is Important. What Are User-Defined Types, and Why Would You Use Them? Working with Constants. Working with Arrays. Advanced Function Techniques. Working with Empty and Null. Creating and Working with Custom Collections. Low-Level File Handling. Understanding and Effectively Using Compilation Options. Importing and Exporting Code Modules. Working with Project Properties.

13. Exploiting the Power of Class Modules.


Exploring the Benefits of Class Modules. Object Orientation-An Introduction. Creating and Using a Class Module. Creating Multiple Class Instances. The Initialize and Terminate Events. Working with Enumerated Types. Building Hierarchies of Classes. Adding a Parent Property to Classes. The Implements Keyword. Working with Custom Collections. Adding Your Own Events.

14. What Are ActiveX Data Objects and Data Access Objects, and Why Are They Important?


Why This Chapter Is Important. Using ActiveX Data Objects Versus Data Access Objects. Examining the ActiveX Data Object Model. Understanding ADO Recordset Types. Working with ADO Recordset Properties and Methods. Modifying Table Data Using ADO Code. Creating and Modifying Database Objects Using ADO Code. Examining the Data Access Object Model. Getting to Know DBEngine. Using CurrentDB(). Understanding DAO Recordset Types. Selecting Among the Types of DAO Recordset Objects Available. Working with DAO Recordset Properties and Methods. Modifying Table Data Using DAO Code. Creating and Modifying Database Objects Using DAO Code. Using the DAO Containers Collection.

II. WHAT TO DO WHEN THINGS DON'T GO AS PLANNED.

15. Debugging: Your Key to Successful Development.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Avoiding Bugs. Harnessing the Power of the Immediate Window. Invoking the Debugger. Using Breakpoints to Troubleshoot. Stepping Through Code. Setting the Next Statement to Execute. Using the Calls Window. Working with the Locals Window. Working with Watch Expressions. Continuing Execution After a Runtime Error. Looking At Gotchas with the Immediate Window. Using Assertions. Debugging Tips.

16. Error Handling: Preparing for the Inevitable.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Implementing Error Handling. Using On Error Statements. Using Resume Statements. Clearing an Error. Examining the Cascading Error Effect. Using the Err Object. Raising an Error. Using the Errors Collection. Creating a Generic Error Handler. Preventing Your Own Error Handling from Being Invoked. Creating a Call Stack. Building a Custom Error Handler Class. Working with Error Events. Creating a List of Error Codes and Descriptions.

17. Optimizing Your Application.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Introducing Optimization. Modifying Hardware and Software Configurations. What Jet 3.5 Did to Improve Performance. Understanding What Jet 4.0 Does to Improve Performance. Letting the Performance Analyzer Determine Problem Areas. Designing Tables to Optimize Performance. Designing Queries to Optimize Performance. Making Coding Changes to Improve Performance. Designing Forms and Reports to Improve Performance.

III. DEVELOPING MULTIUSER AND ENTERPRISE APPLICATIONS.

18. A Strategy to Developing Access Applications.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Splitting Databases into Tables and Other Objects. Basing Forms and Reports on Queries or Embedded SQL Statements. Understanding the Access Runtime Engine. Using an EXE Versus Access Database: What It Means to You. Understanding the Importance of Securing Your Database. Using Access as a Front End.

19. Using External Data.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Importing, Linking, and Opening Files: When and Why. Importing External Data. Creating a Link to External Data. Opening an External Table. Understanding Windows Registry Settings. Using the Jet OLEDB:Link Provider String. Refreshing and Removing Links. Looking at Special Considerations. Troubleshooting. Looking at Performance Considerations and Links. Working with HTML Documents.

20. Developing Multiuser and Enterprise Applications.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Designing Your Application with Multiuser Issues in Mind. Understanding Access's Locking Mechanisms. Understanding the Client/Server Model. Deciding Whether to Use the Client/Server Model. The Roles Access Plays in the Application Design Model. Learning the Client/Server Buzzwords. Upsizing: What to Worry About. Proactively Preparing for Upsizing. Introduction to Transaction Processing. Understanding the Benefits of Transaction Processing. Modifying the Default Behavior of Transaction Processing. Implementing Explicit Transaction Processing. Introduction to Replication. Uses of Replication. Understanding When Replication Isn't Appropriate. Understanding the Implementation of Replication.

IV. BLACK-BELT PROGRAMMING.

21. Using ActiveX Controls.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Incorporating ActiveX Controls in Access 2002. Setting Properties of an ActiveX Control at Design Time. Coding Events of an ActiveX Control. Using the Calendar Control. Using the UpDown Control. Using the StatusBar Control. Using the Common Dialog Control. Using the Rich Textbox Control. Using the TabStrip Control. Using the ImageList Control. Licensing and Distribution Issues.

22. Automation: Communicating with Other Applications.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Defining Some Automation Terms. Declaring an Object Variable to Reference Your Application. Creating an Automation Object. Manipulating an Automation Object. Early Binding Versus Late Binding. Controlling Excel from Access. Closing an Excel Automation Object. Creating a Graph from Access. Controlling Word from Access. Controlling PowerPoint from Access. Automating Outlook from Access. Controlling Access from Other Applications.

23. Exploiting the Power of the Windows API.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Declaring an External Function to the Compiler. Working with Constants and Types. Calling DLL Functions: Important Issues. Examining the Differences Between 16-Bit and 32-Bit APIs. Using API Functions. Manipulating the Windows Registry. Getting Information About the Operating Environment. Determining Drive Types and Available Drive Space.

24. Creating Your Own Libraries.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Preparing a Database to Be a Library. Creating a Reference. Debugging a Library Database. Securing an Access Library.

25. Using Builders, Wizards, and Menu Add-Ins.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Using Builders. Using Wizards. Using Menu Add-Ins.

26. An Introduction to Access and the Internet/Intranet.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Saving Database Objects as HTML. Linking to HTML Files. Importing HTML Files. Understanding Data Access Pages. Creating Data Access Pages. Modifying Important Properties of a Data Access Page. Modifying the Record Navigation Control Properties. Creating Grouped Data Access Pages. Augmenting Data Access Pages with VBScript.

V. ADDING POLISH TO YOUR APPLICATION.

27. Database Security Made Easy.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Implementing Share-Level Security: Establishing a Database Password. Encrypting a Database. Establishing User-Level Security. Securing VBA Code with a Password. Providing an Additional Level of Security: Creating an MDE. Securing a Database Without Requiring Users to Log On. Looking at Special Issues.

28. Advanced Security Techniques.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Maintaining Groups Using Code. Using Code to Maintain Users. Listing All Groups and Users. Working with Passwords. Assigning and Revoking Permissions to Objects Using Code. Encrypting a Database Using Code. Accomplishing Field-Level Security Using Queries. Prohibiting Users and Groups from Creating Objects. Accomplishing Prohibited Tasks by Logging On as a Different User. Securing Client/Server Applications. Security and Replication. Implementing Security with SQL. DAO and Security. Choosing Between ADOX, SQL, and DAO.

29. Documenting Your Application.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Preparing Your Application to Be Self-Documenting. Using the Database Documenter. Writing Code to Create Your Own Documentation.

30. Maintaining Your Application.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Compacting Your Database. Converting an Access Database. Detecting Broken References.

31. Third-Party Tools That Can Help You to Get Your Job Done Effectively.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Total Access CodeTools. Total Access Analyzer. Total Visual Agent. Total Access Components. Total Access Statistics. Total Access Detective. Total Visual SourceBook. Total Access Memo. Solutions::Explorer. Component Toolbox OCX. Solutions::Schedule. Solutions::PIM Professional.

32. Distributing Your Application.


Why This Chapter Is Important. Introducing the Packaging Wizard. Loading the Packaging Wizard Add-In. Distributing Your Application to Run with a Full Copy of Access. Using Full Versions Versus Runtime Versions of Access. Preparing Your Database for Use with the Access Runtime Version. Looking at Other Issues.

VI. APPENDIXES.

Appendix A: Table Structures.


The tblClients Table. The tblClientAddresses Table. The tblAddressTypes Table. The tblClientPhones Table. The tblPhoneTypes Table. The tblCorrespondence Table. The tblCorrespondenceTypes Table. The tblTerms Table. The tblContactTypes Table. The tblCompanyInfo Table. The tblEmployees Table. The tblErrorLog Table. The tblErrors Table. The tblExpenseCodes Tables. The tblPaymentMethods Table. The tblPayments Table. The tblProjects Table. The tblTimCardExpenses Table. The tblTimeCardHours Table. The tblTimeCards Table. The tblWorkCodes Table.

Appendix B: Naming Conventions.
Index