Developing Imaging Applications with XIElib

1. An Introduction to Digital Image Processing. Components of an Image Processing System. Image Acquisition. Image Enhancement. Image Display. Image Analysis. Image Storage and Retrieval. Image Compression. Image Processing Applications. Space Exploration. Digital Photography. Biomedical and Medical Imaging. Document Imaging. Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement. Machine Vision. 2. Displaying Images with Xlib. Images in Xlib. Creating Images in Xlib. Image Manipulation. Displaying Images. Getting the Colors Right. Retrieving Image Data. Subimages. Image Destruction. Median Filtering Images Using Xlib. Dealing with Image Files. Dealing with Colormaps. Median Filters. Example Source Code. Problems with an Xlib Approach to Image Processing. Handling of Image Formats. Image Transmission. Interactive Imaging. Abstraction. Display Compatibility and Accuracy. Summary. 3. XIE Architecture. Goals of XIE. Display Any Image on Any X Display. Offload Client Processing Requirements to the Server. Provide Simple Image Manipulation and Enhancement Primitives. Extensibility. XIE Architectural Overview. Photoflos. Techniques. Resources. The XIE Computational Model. Service Classes. A Taste of XIElib. What the Skeleton Application Does. Initialization of XIE. Photoflo Creation and Initialization. Photoflo Execution. Image Data Transmission. Photoflo Graph Deallocation. Compiling and Executing the Sample. Problems with the First Sample. Summary. 4. Photoflos, Photospaces, and Resources. Photoflos. Photoflo Architecture. Photoflo Types. Name Spaces. Using Photospaces. Allocating and Populating Photoflo Graphs in XIElib. Allocating the Photoflo. Specifying the Photoflo Graph Elements. Transmitting the Photoflo to the Server and Executing It. Immediate Photoflos. Stored Photoflos. Releasing Memory and Resources. Destroying Photoflo Graphs. Freeing Technique Parameters. Freeing PasteUp Tiles. Freeing the Photoflo Graph. Freeing Stored Photoflos. Functions That Operate on Stored Photoflos. Modifying a Photoflo with XieModifyPhotoflo. Redefining a Photoflo with XieRedefinePhotoflo. Awaiting Photoflo Termination Using XieAwait. Aborting a Photoflo Using XieAbort. Querying the Photoflo State Using XieQueryPhotoflo. Sending Client Data to a Photoflo with XiePutClientData. Retrieving Client Data from a Photoflo with XieGetClientData. Resources. ColorLists. LUTs. ROIs. Photomaps. Resource Lifetime. Structure of LUT, Photomap, and ROI Resources. XIElib Resource API. Summary. 5. Import Elements. Import Elements That Read Data from a Client. Reading Client Image Data Using ImportClientPhoto. Reading Client ROI Data Using ImportClientROI. Reading Client LUT Data Using ImportClientLUT. Import Elements That Read Data from an XIE Resource. Importing XIE ROI Resources Using XieFloImportROI. Importing XIE LUT Resources Using XieFloImportLUT. Importing XIE Photomap Resources Using XieFloImportPhotomap. Reading Bitonal Images and Control Planes from Drawables with ImportDrawable Plane. Reading Image Data from Drawables with ImportDrawable. Summary. 6. Image Encodings and File Formats. Introduction. Image Encodings and File Formats. Image Encodings. Image File Formats. Storing CCITT Encoded Images in TIFF Format Files. Reading and Writing Bitonal TIFF Files: an Example. Summary. 7. Export Elements. Introduction. Displaying Image Data in a Drawable With ExportDrawable. Conversion of Intensity Values to Colormap Indices. Image and Drawable Dimensions. Image and Drawable Depths. GC Attributes. Experimenting with GC Attributes. Errors and Events Associated with ExportDrawable. Displaying Bitonal Image Data in a Drawable with ExportDrawablePlane. ExportDrawablePlane and Gcs. Errors and Events Associated with ExportDrawablePlane. Export Elements that Write Data to an XIE Resource. Exporting XIE ROI Resources Using XieFloExportROI. Exporting XIE LUT Resources Using XieFloExportLUT. Exporting XIE Photomap Resources Using XieFloExportPhotomap. Export Elements that Write Data to a Client. ExportAvailable. Sending Image Data to a Client with ExportClientPhoto. Sending ROI Data to a Client Using ExportClientROI. Sending LUT Data to a Client Using ExportClientLUT. Sending Client Histogram Data Using ExportClient Histogram. Summary. 8. Process Elements. Overview. Constrained and Unconstrained Image Data. Process Domains. Band Masks. Elements that Perform Algebraic Processing of Image Data. Performing Arithmetic Image Manipulation with Arithmetic. Combining Two Image Sources Using Blend. Generating Bitonal Images with Compare. Using the Logical Process Element. Applying a Mathematical Operation to Image Pixels with the Math Element. Summary. 9. Process Elements that Perform Format Conversions. Creating a TripleBand Image from Three SingleBand Image Sources with BandCombine. Errors and Events Associated with BandCombine. Creating a SingleBand Image from a TripleBand Image Source with BandExtract. Errors and Events Associated with BandExtract. Extracting a Selected Band of TripleBand Data Using BandSelect. Errors and Events Associated with BandSelect. Examples of BandExtract and BandSelect. Using Unconstrain to Change the Type Attribute of an Image to Unconstrained. Errors and Events Associated with Unconstrain. Changing the Number of Levels in an Image with the Constrain Element. xieValConstrainClipScale. xieValConstrainHardClip. Errors and Events Associated with Constrain. Creating Image Data from Colormap Index Data with the ConvertFromIndex Element. Errors and Events Associated with ConvertFromIndex. Converting TripleBand RGB Data to an Alternate Colorspace with ConvertFromRGB. Errors and Events Associated with ConvertFromRGB. Converting Image Data to Colormap Index Data with ConvertToIndex. Errors and Events Associated with ConvertToIndex. Converting Non-RGB Colorspace TripleBand Image Data to RGB with ConvertToRGB. Errors and Events Associated with ConvertToRGB. Reducing the Levels of an Image Using Dither. Errors and Events Associated with Dither. Summary. 10. Enhancing Images with Point, MatchHistogram, and Convolve. Introduction. Implementing Enhancements not Supported by XIE. Using the Convolve Element. Errors and Events Associated with Convolve. Performing Histogram Equalization with MatchHistogram. Implementation of MatchHistogram. Using MatchHistogram with TripleBand Image Data. Errors and Events Associated with MatchHistogram. Using the Point Element. Use of Point. False Coloring with Point. Errors and Events Associated with Point. Summary. 11. Geometry and PasteUp Process Elements. Introduction. Performing Geometric Transformations on Image Data with Geometry. Simplifying Geometry. Computing Geometry Coefficients. Geometry Sample Clients. Errors and Events Associated with Geometry. Using the PasteUp Element. Using PasteUp to Display Thumbnails. Errors and Events Associated with PasteUp. Summary. 12. XIE Errors and Events. Introduction. Events in Xlib. Soliciting Events. Receiving and Processing Events. Handling Events in Xt (Widget) Applications. Callback Resources. Translations and Actions. Xt Event Handlers. Errors and Events in XIE. Error and Event Codes. Soliciting and Handling Events. Overview of XIE Events. Color Alloc Events. Decode Notify Events. Export Available Events. Import Obscured Events. Photoflo Done Events. Overview of XIE Errors. Handling Errors in Xlib. Handling Errors in XIElib. Implementing a Callback-based Approach to Handling XIE Error Events. Summary. 13. Techniques. Introduction. Standard Techniques. Private Techniques. Technique Numbers and Names. Default Techniques. Technique Parameters. Technique Groups. Using the QueryTechniques Protocol. Using XieQuery Techniques. Summary. 14. Color Allocation, Constrain, Convolution Edge, MatchHistogram, and Dither Techniques. Color Allocation Techniques. Image Data and Colormaps. Pre-Allocating Cells in a Private Colormap. Default Colormap Allocation. XIE Colormap Allocation Technique Details. Constrain Techniques. ConstrainHardClip. ConstrainClipScale. Convolution Edge Techniques. Using the ConvolveConstant Convolution Edge Technique. Using the ConvolveReplicate Convolution Edge Technique. MatchHistogram Techniques. Flat. Gaussian. Hyperbolic. Dither Techniques. Ordered Dither. Error Diffusion. Using the XIE 5.0 Dither Techniques. Summary. 15. Colorspace Conversion and Gamut Compression Techniques. Why Alternate Colorspaces? Colorspace Conversions. RGB Color Specification. HSV Colorspaces. XIE Colorspaces. CIEXYZ. CIEL *a*b*. YCC. YCbCr. Comments Regarding Colorspaces and XIE. ConvertFromRGB Techniques. Using the RGBToCIELab and RGBToCIEXYZ ConvertFromRGB Techniques. Using the RGBToYCbCr ConvertFromRGB Technique. Using the RGBToYCC ConvertFromRGB Technique. ConvertToRGB Techniques. Using the CIELabToRGB and CIEXYZToRGB ConvertToRGB Techniques. Using the YCbCrToRGB ConvertToRGB Technique. Using the YCCToRGB ConvertToRGB Technique. Gamut Compression Techniques. White Point Adjustment Techniques. Using the WhiteAdjustNone WhiteAdjust Technique. Using the WhiteAdjustCIELAbShift WhiteAdjust Technique. Summary. 16. Image Encode and Decode Techniques. Introduction. A Simple Image Encoding Scheme. XIE 5.0 Encode and Decode Techniques. UncompressedSingle and UncompressedTriple Encodings. Examples. Computing the Width of Scanlines. Funny Pixels. Image File Formats that Encode Data as UncompressedSingle or UncompressedTriple. UncompressedSingle and UncompressedTriple Encode and Decode Techniques. Bitonal Encode/Decode Techniques. Encoded Order. Normal. Photometric (Radiometric) Interpretation. TIFF-2. TIFF PackBits. CCITT Bitonal Image Encodings. Server Choice Encode Technique. Summary. 17. Encoding and Decoding JPEG Baseline. Introduction. Storage of JPEG Data. JPEG Baseline Algorithm. Colorspace Conversion. Downsample the Chrominance Bands in TripleBand Image Data (Optional). Perform a Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). Encode the DCT Image Data Prior to Storage. Specifying Q Factors. Using the JPEG Baseline Decode Technique. Using the JPEG Baseline Encode Technique. Summary. 18. Geometry Techniques. Sampling. Nearest Neighbor. Bilinear Interpolation. Antialiasing Geometry Techniques. Gaussian. Using the XIE Geometry Sampling Techniques. Using the BilinearInterpolation Sampling Technique. Using the NearestNeighbor Sampling Technique. Using the Antialias Sampling Technique. Using the AntialiasByArea Sampling Technique. Using the AntialiasByLowpass Sampling Technique. Using the Gaussian Sampling Technique. Summary. 19. Photoflo Backend Processing. Introduction. Visuals, Depths, and Colormaps. Visual Classes Supporting Read-Only Colormaps. Visual Classes Supporting Read/Write Colormaps. Using Xdpyinfo to Determine Visual Support. Visual Struct. Obtaining the Server's Default Information. Obtaining Information about Non-Default Visuals. Obtaining Pixel Depths. Colormaps. Obtaining the Resource ID of the Default Colormap. Standard Colormaps. Backend Strategies. The General Approach. Displaying Bitonal Image Data. Non-Bitonal SingleBand Image Data and TripleBand Image Data to Static Visuals. Displaying Non-Bitonal SingleBand and TripleBand Image Data to Non-Static Visuals. Putting It All Together. A Simple Backend Strategy. Implementation of Backend Routines. Summary. Appendix 1. Element Abbreviations. Glossary. References. Index. About the CD.