Advances in Machine Vision

1 Active Optical Range Imaging Sensors.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Preliminaries.- 3 Imaging Radars.- 4 Active Triangulation.- 5 Moire and Holographic Interferometry.- 6 Focusing.- 7 Fresnel Diffraction.- 8 Sensor Comparisons.- 9 Emerging Themes.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 2 3-D Structures from 2-D Images.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Depth from Stereopsis.- 3 Structure from Motion.- 4 Structure from Optical Flow.- 5 Shape from Shading.- 6 Shape from Texture and Surface Contours.- 7 Shape from Line Drawings.- 8 Shape from Occluding Contours.- 9 Structure from Volume Intersection.- 10 Shape from Spatial Encoding.- 11 Concluding Remarks.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 3 3-D Sensing for Industrial Computer Vision.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Passive Techniques.- 3 Active Techniques.- 4 Conclusion.- References.- 4 Methodology for Automatic Image-Based Inspection of Industrial Objects.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Inspection Process.- 3 General Approach.- 4 Development, Testing, and Validation.- 5 Development and Simulation System.- 6 Comments and Developmental Experiences.- 7 Suggested Future Enhancements.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 5 A Design Data-Based Visual Inspection System for Printed Wiring.- 1 Introduction.- 2 CAD Data-Based Inspection.- 3 An Inspection System Based on CAD Data-Based Pattern Verification.- 4 Reference Data.- 5 Image Acquisition.- 6 Data Conversion.- 7 Alignment Error Determination.- 8 Defect Detection.- 9 Defect Analysis.- 10 Test Material.- 11 System Performance.- 12 Summary and Conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 6 Extracting Masks from Optical Images of VLSI Circuits.- 1 Introduction.- 2 A Multilayer Translucent Scene Model.- 3 Natural Constraints.- 4 Relaxation Scheme.- 5 Path-Tracing Algorithm.- 6 Expanded Blocks World.- 7 Conclusion.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 7 Control-Free Low-Level Image Segmentation: Theory, Architecture, and Experimentation.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Polynomial Classifiers.- 3 Knowledge Representation by Training Sets.- 4 Image Segmentation.- 5 Architectural Aspects.- 6 Applications.- 7 Conclusions.- References.- Appendix A.- Appendix B.- 8 Computer Vision: Algorithms and Architectures.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Connectivity Analysis.- 3 The Hough Transform.- 4 Stereo Analysis.- 5 Conclusions.- References.- 9 Image Understanding Architecture and Applications.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Architecture.- 3 Application Examples.- 4 Future Directions: High-Level Language Support.- 5 Summary.- References.- 10 IDATEN: A Reconfigurable Video-Rate Image Processor.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Architecture.- 3 IDATEN.- 4 Experiments and Results.- 5 Conclusion.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 11 Applying Iconic Processing in Machine Vision.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Iconic Processing.- 3 Morphological Operators for Iconic Processing.- 4 Architecture.- 5 Examples Using Morphological Operations.- 6 Rotation and Scale Changes.- 7 Conclusion and Discussion.- References.