Animal Acoustic Communication

Sound Analysis and Research Methods

Steven L. Hopp, Michael J. Owren, Christopher S. Evans (Herausgeber)

Buch | Softcover

XXI, 421 Seiten

2011 | 1. Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1998
Springer Berlin (Verlag)
978-3-642-76222-2 (ISBN)

Artikel merken

The last decades have brought a significant increase in research on acoustic communi cation in animals. Publication of scientific papers on both empirical and theoretical aspects of this topic has greatly increased, and a new journal, Bioacoustics, is entirely devoted to such articles. Coupled with this proliferation of work is a recognition that many of the current issues are best approached with an interdisciplinary perspective, requiring technical and theoretical contributions from a number of areas of inquiry that have traditionally been separated. With the notable exception of a collection edited by Lewis (1983), there have been fewvolumes predominatelyfocused on technical issues in comparative bioacoustics to follow up the earlyworks edited by Lanyon and Tavolga (1960) and Busnel (1963). It was the tremendous growth of expertise c:()ncerning this topic in particular that provided the initial impetus to organize this volume, which attempts to present fundamental information from both theoretical and applied aspects of current bioacoustics research. While a completely comprehensive review would be impractical, this volume offers a basic treatment of a wide variety of topics aimed at providing a conceptual framework within which researchers can address their own questions. Each presentation is designed to be useful to the broadest possible spectrum of researchers, including both those currently working in any of the many and diverse disciplines of bioacoustics, and others that may be new to such studies.

Chapter 1 Acoustic Signals of Animals: Recording, Field Measurements, Analysis and Description H. C. Gerhardt1 Introduction2 Field Recordings and Measurements2.1 Equipment2.2 On-Site Measurements2.3 Signal Amplitude, Directionality, and Background Noise Levels2.4 Patterns of Sound Propagation in Natural Habitats3 Laboratory Analysis of Animal Sounds3.1 Terminology3.2 Temporal and Spectral Analysis: Some General Principles4 Examples of Descriptions and Analyses4.1 Temporal Properties of Pulsatile Calls4.2 Amplitude-Time Envelopes4.3 Relationships between Fine-Scale Temporal and Spectral Properties4.4 Spectrally Complex Calls 5 Summary References.-Chapter 2 Digital Signal Acquisition and RepresentationM. Clements1 Introduction2 Digital Signal Processing2.1 Major Applications of DSP2.2 Definition of Digital Systems2.3 Difference Equations3 Digital Filter Frequency Response3.1 Unit-Sample Response Characterization3.2 Frequency-Domain Interpretation of Systems3.3 Frequency-Domain Interpretation of Signals4 Conversion Between Analog and Digital Data Forms4.1 The Sampling Theorem4.2 Signal Recovery by Filtering4.3 Fourier Transform Relations4.4 Effects of Sampling Rates4.5 Reconstruction5 Fundamental Digital Processing Techniques5.1 Power Spectra5.2 Time and Frequency Resolution5.3 Windows 5.4 Spectral Smoothing5.5 The Discrete Fourier Transform5.6 Correlation5.7 Autocorrelation5.8 Cross-correlation5.9 Spectrograms6 An Intoduction to Some Advanced Topics6.1 Digital Filtering6.2 Linear Prediction6.3 Homomorphic Analysis7 Summary.-Chapter 3 Digital Signal Analysis, Editing, and SynthesisK. Beeman1 Introduction2 Temporal and Spectral Measurements3 Time-Varying Amplitude Analysis3.1 Amplitude Envelopes3.2 Gate Functions4 Spectral Analysis4.1 Power Spectrum Features4.2 Measuring Similarity Among Power Spectra4.3 Other Spectral Analysis Techniques5 Spectrographic Analysis5.1 Spectrogram Generation5.2 Spectrogram Display5.3 Spectrogram Parameter Measurements6 Classification of Naturally Occurring Animal Sounds6.1 Properties of Ideal Signals6.1.1 Periodicity6.1.2 Amplitude Modulation6.1.3 Frequency Modulation6.1.4 Biologically Relevant Sound Types7 Time-varying Frequency Analysis7.1 Deriving Spectral Contours7.2 Sound-similarity Comparison8 Digital Sound Synthesis8.1 Editing8.2 Arithmetic Manipulation and Generation of Sound8.3 Synthesis Models8.3.1 Tonal Model8.4 Sources of and A Functions8.4.1 Mathematically Based Functions8.4.2 Functions Derived from Natural Sounds9 Sound Manipulation and Generation Techniques9.1 Duration Scaling9.2 Amplitude-Envelope Manipulations9.3 Spectral Manipulations9.3.1 Frequency Shifting and Scaling9.3.2 Frequency Modulation9.4 Synthesis of Biological Sound Types9.4.1 Tonal and Polytonal Signals9.4.2 Pulse-Repetition Signals9.4.3 Harmonic Signals9.4.4 Noisy Signals9.5 Miscellaneous Synthesis Topics9.5.1 Template Sounds9.5.2 Noise Removal10 Summary References.-Chapter 4 Application of Filters in BioacousticsP. K. Stoddard1 Introduction2 General Uses of Filters and Some Cautions 3Anatomy and Performance of a Filter4 Properties of Various Analog Filters5 Antialiasing and Antiimaging Filters5.1 A/D Conversion Requires an Analog Lowpass Filter5.2 Choosing an Antialiasing Filter5.3 D/A Conversion also Requires an Analog Lowpass Filter5.4 Analog Filters: Passive Versus Active Components6 Analog Versus Digital Filters

Erscheint lt. Verlag	14.12.2011
Zusatzinfo	XXI, 421 p.
Verlagsort	Berlin
Sprache	englisch
Maße	155 x 235 mm
Gewicht	679 g
Themenwelt	Informatik ► Weitere Themen ► Bioinformatik
	Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Ökologie / Naturschutz
	Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Zoologie
Schlagworte	akustische Kommunikation • anatomy • animal acoustic communication • animal behavior • Bioacoustics • Bioakustik • classification • comparative psychology • Ethologie • Ethology • growth • PET • Tiere • Vergleichende Psychologie • Verhalten
ISBN-10	3-642-76222-0 / 3642762220
ISBN-13	978-3-642-76222-2 / 9783642762222
Zustand	Neuware