Introduction to Engineering Design (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Introduction to Engineering Design: Modelling, Synthesis and Problem Solving Strategies 4
Copyright Page 5
CONTENTS 8
Acknowledgement 6
Commonly used symbols and design terminology 18
Preface : The need for this book 16
PART 1: MODELLING AND SYNTHESIS 20
Chapter 1. Introducing modelling and synthesis for structural integrity 22
1.1 Structural integrity and the nature of failure 24
1.2 Units, estimation and things we expect you to know 32
Case example 1.1: Dolphin enclosure 39
Case example 1.2: A Christmas tale 39
1.3 Structural distillation 40
Case example 1.3: Pliers 46
Case example 1.4: Multigrips 46
Case example 1.5: Paper clip 47
Case example 1.6: Scissors 47
1.4 Assignment on Structural distillation 47
1.5 Solutions to exercises 48
1.6 Assignment in modelling: Rural power distribution system 51
Chapter 2. Design against failure 68
2.1 Introducing engineering materials and modes of failure 69
2.2 Material selection 79
2.3 Design for static loading, introducing failure predictors and factors of safety 81
2.4 Assignment in design for structural integrity :Airline service table 93
2.5 Design for dynamic loading (fatigue) 101
2.6 Assignment on design to resist fatigue failure 113
2.7 Design for contact loading 120
2.8 Chapter Summary 129
Chapter 3. Design synthesis of some generic engineering components 130
3.1 Shafts: bending and torsion 131
3.2 Assignment on shaft design 143
3.3 Mechanical springs: bending and torsion 150
3.4 Columns: axial loading and static instability 163
3.5 Assignment on column design 174
3.6 Pressure vessels: internal pressure 183
3.7 Assignment on pressure vessel design 198
Chapter 4. Design of mechanical connections 206
4.1 The nature of mechanical connections 206
4.2 Bolted joints and screws: design for clamping contact 214
4.3 Pinned joints and shear connectors 234
4.4 Welded joints 240
4.5 Assignment on bolted and welded joints 249
Chapter 5. Review: Structural integrity of engineering systems 258
5.1 Designing engineering systems: the 'big picture' 258
5.2 Some 'radical new theories' in engineering design 267
5.3 Review questions 269
5.4 Design assignments 272
5.5 Some cautionary notes 283
PART 2: PROBLEM SOLVING STRATEGIES: AN ENGINEERING CULTURE 286
Chapter 6. The evolution of problems 288
6.1 Cultural development of the designer 289
6.2 Design problem solving 291
6.3 Evolution and enformulation of design problems 297
Case example 6.1: Level crossing problem 304
Case example 6.2: Portable water heater 307
6.4 The design process 311
6.5 Generating ideas (solutions) 314
6.6 Generic barriers to idea generation 321
6.7 Evaluating designs and decision support systems 342
Case example 6.3: Site for a power station 342
6.8 Decision making strategies 344
Case example 6.4: Design of a washing machine 344
Case example 6.5: proposal for a new processing plant 347
Case example 6.6: Automobile horn 348
Case example 6.7: Electric power distribution 349
Case example 6.8: Wind load on chimney 350
Case example 6.9: Heat-exchanger design 351
6.9 Assignment on problem evolution and enformulation: Bicycle Security 354
6.10 A brief note about technical reporting 356
Chapter 7. Economic, social and environmental issues 358
7.1 Economic imperatives in design 358
Case example 7.1: Proposed widget plant 360
Case example 7.2 : Re-lamping a factory 361
7.2 Project evaluation and cost-benefit analysis 363
Case example 7.3: The Ford Pinto case 364
Case example 7.4: Injectable contrast agents 366
7.3 Design for human users: introductory ergonomics 367
Case example 7.5: A cement mixer 376
7.4 Managing risk and hazards: fault, failure and hazard analysis in engineering systems 378
Case example 7.6: Failure of main bearing on tunnelling machine 379
References 384
APPENDICES Appendix A: Conversion tables 392
Appendix B: Standard sizes and preferred number series 403
Appendix C: Properties of sections 406
Appendix D: Beam formulae 409
Author Index 416
Subject Index 418