Nuclear Mechanics and Genome Regulation (eBook)

Cover 
1 
Methods in Cell Biology 2
Copyright 5
Contents 
6 
Contributors 10
Preface 
14 

16 
Chapter 
18 
I. Introduction 19
II. Rationale 29
III. Materials and Methods 29
IV. Results and Discussion 40
V. Conclusions 43
References 45
Chapter 
50 
I. Introduction 51
II. Rationale 57
III. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation 57
IV. Immunoblotting and Coomassie Staining 61
V. Discussion 64
VI. Summary 67
References 67
Chapter 
72 
I. Introduction 73
II. Chromatin Dynamics 74
III. Higher-Order Chromosome Compaction 80
IV. Nuclear Plasticity 84
V. Spatio-temporal Organization of Transcription Factories and Gene Loci 86
VI. Conclusions 90
References 91
Chapter 
94 
I. Introduction 95
II. Techniques for Single-Cell Manipulation 96
III. Nuclear Isolation and Manipulation 104
IV. Discussion and Future Implications 107
References 107
Chapter 
112 
I. Introduction 113
II. Methods 121
III. Discussion and Prospects 129
References 129
Chapter 
136 
I. Introduction 137
II. Rationale 139
III. Materials 140
IV. Methods 142
V. Results and Discussion 150
VI. Summary 153
References 153
Chapter 
158 
I. Introduction 159
II. Macromolecular Components Involved in Cellular Mechanosensing 160
III. Cell Adhesion 163
IV. Active and Passive Mechanics of the Cytoskeleton 166
V. Slow Mechanical Processes in the Cytoskeleton 171
VI. Cellular Response to External Mechanical Stress 174
VII. Discussion 183
References 184
Section 
192 
Chapter 
194 
I. Introduction 195
II. Extracellular Matrix Environment 196
III. Mechanical Signaling 197
IV. Overview of Methods for Mechanical Cell Stimulation 199
V. Cardiac Fibrosis and Mechanical Induction of Gene Expression 203
VI. Conclusions 210
References 212
Chapter 
222 
I. Introduction 223
II. Micropipette Aspiration 223
III. Molecular Mechanisms from Reengineered Nuclei 229
IV. Isolation of Individual Nuclei 232
V. Outlook 234
References 234
Chapter 
236 
I. Introduction 237
II. Mechanics of Isolated Nucleus 237
III. Nuclear Prestress in Cellular Context 243
IV. Conclusions 250
References 251
Chapter 
256 
I. Introduction 257
II. Types of Topological Patterns 257
III. Stem Cell Reception to Substrate Topology 263
IV. Cell Shape: A Regulator of Biological Processes 293
V. Conclusions 302
References 303
Chapter 
310 
I. Introduction 311
II. Genetic Control of Morphogenetic Movements: Underlying MolecularMechanisms and Evaluation of Forces 313
III. Mechanical Control of Gene Expression: Testing Mechanical Inductionby Application of Endogenous Forces from the Inside of the Embryo 317
IV. Mechanotransduction in the Control of Posttranslational MorphogeneticEvents: Mechanical Activation of the Myosin-II Apico-Basal PolarityTriggering Mesoderm Invagination 325
V. Incidences of Mechanical Induction in Tumor Development 331
VI. Mechano-Genetics Network in Perspective of Evolution: Reactivationof a Primitive Feeding Response of Ancient Embryos Recapitulated inEmbryonic Morphogenetic Invagination? Mechanical Induction in FirstMulticellular Organism Emergence? 333
References 334
Chapter 
338 
I. Introduction 339
II. Methods 341
III. Reagents and Equipment for Subjecting Cells to Uniaxial Strain 346
IV. Discussion 348
V. Summary 349
References 349
Chapter 
352 
I. Introduction 353
II. Leukodystrophies 355
III. Adult-Onset Autosomal Dominant Leukodystrophy 356
IV. Molecular Genetics of ADLD 361
V. Molecular Mechanisms of ADLD Duplication Events 362
VI. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying ADLD Disease Pathology 364
VII. Animal Models of Lamin B1 Mutations 366
VIII. Aging and ADLD 367
IX. ADLD and MS 368
X. Summary 368
References 369
Subject Index 374
Volumes in Series 386