The Practice of Enterprise Modeling (eBook)

Preface 5
Organization 7
Table of Contents 9
Keynotes 9
To Make Modeling a Natural Tool in Business Development We Need to Stop Talking about Modeling 11
Background 11
Business Development and Models 11
The Proof of the Pudding Is in the Eating 12
Enterprise Modeling – What We Have Learned, and What We Have Not 13
Background 13
Lessons Learned 13
Future Directions 15
References 16
Experiences in Enterprise Modeling 9
Information Demand Context Modelling for Improved Information Flow: Experiences and Practices 18
Introduction 18
The Constituent of Information Demand 19
Industrial Application Cases 20
Practices of Information Demand Modelling 21
Common Problems Related to Information Demand 22
Information Demand Modelling 23
Reflections and Discussion 27
Methods Supporting Action 27
Validity of Practices from EM 29
Summary and Future Work 31
References 31
The Common Model of an Enterprise’s Value Objects, Presented in Relevant Business Views 33
Introduction 33
Work Procedure for the Effort 35
Organization of the Paper 36
The Cases 36
Case 1 - Matching Revenue to Cost of the Products 36
Case 2 - A Portal Business Start-Up during the Dot-Com Era 39
Case 3 - A Large Manufacturer of Vehicles (Common Object Model) 41
Case 4 – A Large Manufacturer of Vehicles (Service Market View of Corporate Common Object Model) 43
Experiences 44
Deliverables Case #1 44
Deliverable Case #2 44
Deliverable Case #3 44
Deliverable Case #4 45
Conclusions and Future Work 45
References 47
On the Use of i* for Architecting Hybrid Systems: A Method and an Evaluation Report 48
Introduction 48
The Experience 49
The ETAPATELECOM Case 49
The Cuenca Airport Case 49
The DHARMA Method 50
The i* Framework from the Stakeholder Point of View 52
Initial Modeling 52
The Model as a Communication Mean 55
The i* Framework from the Modeler Point of View 56
Drawing of the Diagram 56
Reusability 56
DHARMA-Related Lessons Learned 59
Conclusions and Future Work 61
References 62
The Process of Modeling 9
Interactions, Goals and Rules in a Collaborative Modelling Session 64
Introduction 64
Analytical Setup 66
Research Questions 66
General Set-Up of the Study 66
Framework and Concepts 69
Findings 71
Categorization of the Speech-Acts 72
Categorization of Topics of Interactions 73
Rules and Goals 73
Overall Findings and Observations 74
Comparison with Existing Frameworks 75
Conclusions and Further Research 77
References 77
Evaluating Modeling Sessions Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process 79
Introduction 79
Modeling Process Evaluation Framework 80
Research Setup: Case Study Scenario 81
Proposed Evaluation Method: AHP Method 84
Analytic Hierarchy Process Methodology 84
Structural Decomposition Step 84
Pairwise Comparison - Comparison Scale 85
Pairwise Comparison - Forming a Comparative Matrix 87
Relative Weight Estimation - Eigenvector Method 88
Consistency Check 89
Synthesizing - Overall Rating and Ranking 90
Related Work 91
Conclusion and Future Work 92
References 92
A Goal–Oriented Approach for Business Process Improvement Using Process Warehouse Data 94
Introduction 94
Related Work 95
Process Design Framework 96
Case Study 97
A Decision Relationship Model for Process Improvement 98
Using DRM for Process Improvement 100
Application of DRM for Process Improvement: A Case Study 103
Conclusion 106
References 106
Enterprise Modeling in Information Systems Development 9
From i* Requirements Models to Conceptual Models of a Model Driven Development Process 109
Introduction 109
Background 110
The Case Study 110
The i* Goal-Oriented Requirements Framework Overview 111
The OO-Method Model-Driven Development Approach Overview 112
From i* Requirements Models to Conceptual Models 114
The i* Model´s Analysis 115
The Transformation Guidelines 116
Discussion 120
Related Works 122
Conclusions and Future Works 122
References 123
A Combined Framework for Development of Business Process Support Systems 125
Introduction 125
Related Work 126
Business Process Characterizing Model (BPCM) 128
The Combined Framework 130
Business Process Characterizing Model 131
Goal Model 131
Process Model 132
Executable Model 132
Ideas to Guide Process Modeling Based on a BPCM 133
Exemplar 134
Discussion 136
Lessons Learnt from the Exemplar 136
From a BPMN Process Model to IT System 137
BPCM Related Issues and Future Work 137
References 137
Towards Better Fitting Data Warehouse Systems 140
Introduction 140
DW in the Organizational Context 141
The Goal-Decision-Information (GDI) Model 141
Eliciting Information 143
Information Identifier 148
Sub Decision Identifier 149
Impact: Comparison 151
Conclusion 153
References 153
Model Quality and Reuse 10
Evaluating Goal Achievement in Enterprise Modeling – An Interactive Procedure and Experiences 155
Introduction 155
Modeling and Analysis with Goal- and Agent-Oriented Models: A Sample Methodology 157
A Qualitative, Interactive Evaluation Procedure for the i* Framework 160
Experience from Case Studies 164
Experimental Results 165
Related Work 167
Discussion, Conclusions, and Future Work 167
References 169
The Impact of Secondary Notation on Process Model Understanding 171
Introduction 171
Graphical Layout and Understanding 172
Modeling Expertise and Understanding 175
Propositions 178
Experimental Setup 181
Stimulus 181
Comprehension Performance 181
Potential Interactions 182
Conclusion 183
References 183
Towards Cross Language Process Model Reuse – A Language Independent Representation of Process Models 186
Introduction 186
Research Approach 187
Process Description for Storing Business Processes 188
Generic Metamodel for Business Processes 189
A Generic Process Description 190
Matching Process Modeling Languages to the Generic Metamodel 191
Generic Data Model for Process Description DB 192
On Using the Generic Data Model 194
Generating Process Model from Process Description DB: An Example 196
Discussion and Conclusions 198
References 198
Enterprise Modeling for Service Modeling 10
Service–Driven Information Systems Evolution: Handling Integrity Constraints Consistency 201
Introduction 201
Information System Service 202
Defining ISS Overlap and Inconsistency 204
Handling Integrity Constraints Consistency 207
Integrity Constraints Overlap Situations 207
Method Chunks for Integrity Constraints Consistency Handling 208
Evaluating Integrity Constraints Consistency Handling Impact 211
Service Evolution Indicators 211
Applying the Indicators 213
Conclusion 214
References 215
Socio-instrumental Service Modelling: An Inquiry on e-Services for Tax Declarations 217
Introduction 217
Research Approach 218
Some Fundamentals of Socio-instrumental Pragmatism 219
Socio-instrumental Service Modelling: A Taxation Case Study 221
Service Interaction Modelling 221
Contextual Service Definition 224
Service Pattern Analysis 225
A Socio-instrumental Understanding of Services and Co-services 228
Conclusions 230
References 230
New Ventures in Enterprise Modeling 10
A Game Prototype for Basic Process Model Elicitation 232
Introduction 232
Utilitarian Idea behind the Game 234
The Game 236
Game Components 239
Game Mechanics 239
Game Rules: Goals, Assignments End Condition
Game Rules: Score System 240
After the Game: Deriving a BMPN Diagram 240
Development and Evaluation 241
Lessons Learned 242
What Went Well 243
What Went Not So Well 244
Conclusions and Further Research 244
References 245
Enterprise Models as Data 247
Introduction 247
On the Notion of Information 247
Three Roles of EM 248
A Simplified Model of Use of EM 250
Difficulties in Obtaining Information from EM 251
Conclusions 252
References 253
The IT-Socket: Model-Based Realisation of the Business and IT Alignment Framework 255
Introduction 255
Idea and Definition of the IT-Socket 256
Related Work 257
The Analysis of the IT-Socket 258
The Model-Based Realization of the IT-Socket 260
The Six Elements of the IT-Socket 260
The Semantic within the IT-Socket 262
Conclusion 264
References 265
Author Index 268