Advances in Electrical Engineering and Computational Science (eBook)

Preface 6
Contents 7
Chapter 1 Acoustic Behavior of Squirrel Cage Induction Motors 27
1.1 Introduction 27
1.2 Acoustic Noise Physics 28
1.3 Mutation of Stator and Rotor Parts 31
1.4 Direct Comparison of Sound Pressure Levels for Different Motor Designs 32
1.5 Conclusion 36
References 37
Chapter 2 Model Reduction of Weakly Nonlinear Systems 38
2.1 Introduction 38
2.2 Perturbative Approximation of Nonlinear Systems 39
2.3 KRYLOV-Based Model Reduction 41
2.4 Scale Invariance Property 42
2.5 KRYLOV Reduction of Perturbative Representation 44
2.6 Illustrative Example 44
2.7 Conclusions 46
References 47
Chapter 3 Investigation of a Multizone Drift Doping Based Lateral Bipolar Transistor on Buried Oxide Thick Step 48
3.1 Introduction 48
3.2 Ideal, Conventional and Proposed Devices 49
3.3 Simulation Results and Discussion 50
3.4 Conclusion 57
References 57
Chapter 4 Development of a Battery Charging Management Unit for Renewable Power Generation 58
4.1 Introduction 58
4.2 Energy Conversion Modes 60
4.3 Lead Acid Battery 60
4.4 Battery Charging and Discharging Strategies 62
4.5 System Implementation 68
4.6 Conclusions and Future Works 70
References 71
Chapter 5 Optical CDMA Transceiver Architecture: Polarization Modulation with Dual-Balanced Detection 72
5.1 Introduction 72
5.2 POLSK–OCDMA Transmitter 73
5.3 Analysis of POLSK–OCDMA Receiver 75
5.4 Discussion of Results 80
5.5 Conclusion 81
References 82
Chapter 6 Template Based: A Novel STG Based Logic Synthesis for Asynchronous Control Circuits 83
6.1 Introduction 83
6.2 Petri-Net and Signal Transition Graph 85
6.3 Asynchronous DMA Controller Specification 86
6.4 Synthesis Using State Based Method 88
6.5 Synthesis Using Structural Encoding Method 90
6.6 Synthesis Using State Based Method 91
6.7 Result 96
6.8 Concluding Remarks 97
References 98
Chapter 7 A Comparison of Induction Motor Speed Estimation Using Conventional MRAS and an AI-Based MRAS Parallel System 99
7.1 Introduction 99
7.2 Speed Estimation Using Conventional Model Reference Adaptive System 100
7.3 Artificial Intelligence-Based Model Reference Adaptive System 101
7.4 MRAS Based Two-Layer ANN Speed Estimator with Dynamic Reference Model 102
7.5 Simulation Results and Discussion 105
7.6 Conclusion 107
References 108
Chapter 8 A New Fuzzy-Based Additive Noise Removal Filter 110
8.1 Introduction 110
8.2 Conventional Noise Removal Techniques 112
8.3 Proposed Fuzzy Noise Removal Filter 113
8.4 Results and Discussion 116
8.5 Conclusion 119
References 119
Chapter 9 Enhancement of Weather Degraded Color Images and Video Sequences UsingWavelet Fusion 121
9.1 Introduction 121
9.2 Atmospheric Scattering Models 123
9.3 Contrast Correction 124
9.4 Intensity Based Enhancement 126
9.5 Wavelet Fusion 126
9.6 Video Enhancement 127
9.7 Performance Analysis 127
9.8 Results and Discussion 128
9.9 Conclusion 129
References 130
Chapter 10 A GA-Assisted Brain Fiber Tracking Algorithm for DT-MRI Data 132
10.1 Introduction 132
10.2 Brief Tracking Algorithm Description 134
10.3 Proposed GA for Parameter Estimation 137
10.4 Numerical Results 139
10.5 Conclusions 142
References 143
Chapter 11 A Bridge-Ship Collision Avoidance System Based on FLIR Image Sequences 144
11.1 Introduction 144
11.2 The FLIR Video Surveillance System 146
11.3 The Detection Algorithm for Moving Ships 147
11.4 Experimental Results and Discussion 151
11.5 Conclusion 151
References 154
Chapter 12 A Gray Level Feature Detector and Its Hardware Architecture 155
12.1 Introduction 155
12.2 Feature Point Detection Model 156
12.3 Hardware Implementation 159
12.4 Synthesis Results and Analysis 162
12.5 Conclusions 164
References 164
Chapter 13 SVD and DWT-SVD Domain Robust Watermarking using Differential Evolution Algorithm 166
13.1 Introduction 166
13.2 SVD Domain and DWT-SVD DomainWatermarking Techniques 168
13.3 OptimalWatermarkings using DE 170
13.4 Results 173
13.5 Conclusions 174
References 177
Chapter 14 Design and Performance Evaluation of a Prototype Large Ring PET Scanner 179
14.1 Introduction 179
14.2 The Macropet Design 180
14.3 Performance Evaluation 182
14.4 Conclusions 189
References 189
Chapter 15 RobustWavelet-Based VideoWatermarking Using Edge Detection 191
15.1 Introduction 191
15.2 The Watermark Embedding Process 192
15.3 The Watermark Detection Process 195
15.4 Experimental Results 195
15.5 Conclusion 199
References 200
Chapter 16 High Speed Soft Computing Based Circuit for Edges Detection in Images 201
16.1 Introduction 201
16.2 Edge Detection Algorithm 202
16.3 Hardware Implementation 206
16.4 Conclusion 211
References 211
Chapter 17 A Comparison Between 3D OSEM and FBP Image Reconstruction Algorithms in SPECT 213
17.1 Introduction 213
17.2 Background 214
17.3 A Comparison of 3D OSEM with FBP Image Reconstruction Algorithms 219
17.4 Summary 222
References 223
Chapter 18 Performance Improvement ofWireless MAC Using Non-Cooperative Games 225
18.1 Introduction 225
18.2 Background 227
18.3 Game-Theoretic Model of Medium Access Control 227
18.4 Distributed Mechanisms to Achieve Nash Equilibrium 230
18.5 Performance Evaluation 231
18.6 Discussion 235
18.7 Conclusion 235
References 236
Chapter 19 Performance Evaluation of Mobile Ad Hoc Networking Protocols 237
19.1 Introduction 237
19.2 Mobile Ad Hoc Network’s Routing Protocols 239
19.3 Simulation Setup 240
19.4 Simulation Environment 241
19.5 Simulation Results 242
19.6 Conclusion 246
References 247
Chapter 20 IEEE 802.11E Block Acknowledgement Policies 248
20.1 Introduction 248
20.2 IEEE 802.11e and Block Acknowledgement Description 249
20.3 State of the Art 251
20.4 System, Scenario and Assumptions 252
20.5 Results 254
20.6 Conclusions 258
References 258
Chapter 21 Routing in a Custom-Made IEEE 802.11E Simulator 260
21.1 Introduction 260
21.2 PreviousWork 261
21.3 Overview 262
21.4 Results 263
21.5 Conclusions 269
References 270
Chapter 22 Web-Based Management of Distributed Services 271
22.1 Introduction 271
22.2 RelatedWork 272
22.3 WebDMF: A Web-Based Management Framework for Distributed Services 273
22.4 Implementation and Performance Evaluation 278
22.5 Conclusions 280
References 281
Chapter 23 Image Index Based Digital Watermarking Technique for Ownership Claim and Buyer Fingerprinting 283
23.1 Introduction 283
23.2 Image Key and Buyer Fingerprint 285
23.3 Proposed Technique 286
23.4 Results and Discussion 288
23.5 Conclusion 292
References 292
Chapter 24 Reverse Engineering: EDOWAWorm Analysis and Classification 293
24.1 Introduction 293
24.2 Method of Testing 294
24.3 EDOWA Classification 297
24.4 Conclusion 303
References 304
Chapter 25 Reconfigurable Hardware Implementation of a GPS-Based Vehicle Tracking System 305
25.1 Introduction 305
25.2 Upgrading the Aram Locator GPS System 306
25.3 The FPGA-Based Aram System 307
25.4 Performance Analysis and Evaluation 312
25.5 Conclusion 314
References 314
Chapter 26 Unknown Malicious Identification 316
26.1 Introduction 316
26.2 RelatedWork 317
26.3 Na¨ive Bayesian and Application 318
26.4 Increment Na¨ive Bayes 320
26.5 Experimental Results 324
26.6 Conclusion 326
References 326
Chapter 27 Understanding Programming Language Semantics for the Real World 328
27.1 Introduction 328
27.2 Extension of the Applications to a Real World 330
27.3 Modularization and Communication in the ChaoticWorld 331
27.4 Parallel or Concurrency Is the Nature of theWorld 334
27.5 Accuracy and Efficiency Are Required by This Sophicificate World 336
27.6 Exception Handling Is the Safe Guard in the Dangerous World 339
27.7 Conclusion 341
References 342
Chapter 28 Analysis of Overhead Control Mechanisms in Mobile AD HOC Networks 344
28.1 Introduction 344
28.2 Theoretical Analysis of Overhead in Hierarchical Routing Scheme 345
28.3 Theoretical Analysis and Overhead Minimizing Techniques for AD HOC Networks Using Clustering Mechanisms 347
28.4 Minimizing Overhead in AD HOC Networks by Header Compression 351
28.5 Minimizing Overhead for AD HOC Networks Connected to Internet 352
References 354
Chapter 29 Context Aware In-Vehicle Infotainment Interfaces 357
29.1 In-Vehicle Infotainment 358
29.2 Context Aware Interaction 359
29.3 Interaction Architecture 360
29.4 Application Development 365
29.5 Summary 367
References 368
Chapter 30 Facial Expression Analysis Using PCA 369
30.1 Introduction 369
30.2 Background and Related Work 370
30.3 Method 371
30.4 Results 375
30.5 Conclusion 377
References 377
Chapter 31 The Design of a USART IP Core 379
31.1 Introduction 379
31.2 USART Theory of Operation 380
31.3 Specifications of the Developed USART 382
31.4 USART System Design Methodology 382
31.5 Testing and Verification Procedures 387
References 390
Chapter 32 Multilayer Perceptron Training Optimization for High Speed Impacts Classification 391
32.1 Introduction 391
32.2 Ballistic Impact 392
32.3 Use of ANN in Impacts Situations 394
32.4 Solution Proposed 397
32.5 Evaluation 399
32.6 Conclusions 401
References 402
Chapter 33 Developing Emotion-Based Pet Robots 403
33.1 Introduction 403
33.2 Building Emotion-Based Pet Robots 404
33.3 Experiments and Results 409
33.4 Conclusions and Future Work 412
References 414
Chapter 34 Designing Short Term Trading Systems with Artificial Neural Networks 415
34.1 Introduction 415
34.2 Review of Literature 416
34.3 Methodology 417
34.4 Results 419
34.5 Conclusions 422
References 423
Chapter 35 Reorganising Artificial Neural Network Topologies Complexifying Neural Networks by Reorganisation 424
35.1 Introduction 424
35.2 Background 425
35.3 Neuroscientific Foundations 426
35.4 Reorganising Neural Networks 426
35.5 Experiments and Results 429
35.6 Conclusion 433
References 434
Chapter 36 Design and Implementation of an E-Learning Model by Considering Learner’s Personality and Emotions 435
36.1 Introduction 435
36.2 PreviousWorks 436
36.3 Psychological Principles 436
36.4 Proposed Model 437
36.5 Virtual Classmate Model 439
36.6 Simulation of Proposed Model 442
36.7 Implementation 442
36.8 Results 444
36.9 Conclusion and Future Works 445
References 445
Chapter 37 A Self Progressing Fuzzy Rule-Based System for Optimizing and Predicting Machining Process 447
37.1 Introduction 447
37.2 System Configuration 449
37.3 The Self-Development Mode 450
37.4 Optimization and Prediction of Machining Process 454
37.5 Conclusion 458
References 458
Chapter 38 Selection of Ambient Light for Laser Digitizing of Quasi-Lambertian Surfaces 459
38.1 Introduction 459
38.2 Objectives 461
38.3 Configuration of the Tests 461
38.4 Experimental Procedure 463
38.5 Analysis Criteria 464
38.6 Results Discussion 465
38.7 Conclusions 469
References 469
Chapter 39 Ray-Tracing Techniques Applied to the Accessibility Analysis for the Automatic Contact and Non Contact Inspection 470
39.1 Introduction 470
39.2 AnalysisMethodology 471
39.3 Analysis Considering Inspection Devices as Infinite Half-Lines 471
39.4 Interference Analysis Considering Real Dimensions of the Inspection Device 473
39.5 Clustering 475
39.6 Application Results 476
39.7 Conclusions 479
References 480
Chapter 40 Detecting Session Boundaries to Personalize Search Using a Conceptual User Context 481
40.1 Introduction 481
40.2 RelatedWorks 482
40.3 Detecting Session Boundaries to Personalize Search 483
40.4 Experimental Evaluation 486
40.5 Conclusion and Outlook 491
References 491
Chapter 41 MiningWeather Information in Dengue Outbreak: Predicting Future Cases Based onWavelet, SVM and GA 493
41.1 Introduction 494
41.2 Model Construction 495
41.3 Results and Discussions 498
41.4 Conclusion 502
References 503
Chapter 42 PC Tree: Prime-Based and Compressed Tree for Maximal Frequent Patterns Mining 505
42.1 Problem of Maximal Frequent Patterns Mining 505
42.2 RelatedWork 506
42.3 Proposed Method 507
42.4 Experimental Results 511
42.5 Conclusion and Future Works 513
References 514
Chapter 43 Towards a New Generation of Conversational Agents Based on Sentence Similarity 515
43.1 Introduction 515
43.2 Sentence Similarity Measure 517
43.3 Traditional CA Scripting 519
43.4 CA Scripting Using Sentence Similarity 520
43.5 Experimental Methodology 521
43.6 Results and Discussion 522
43.7 Conclusions and Further Work 523
References 524
Chapter 44 Direction-of-Change Financial Time Series Forecasting Using Neural Networks: A Bayesian Approach 525
44.1 Introduction 525
44.2 MLPs for Financial Prediction 526
44.3 Bayesian Methods for MLPs 527
44.4 Empirical Results 529
44.5 Conclusions 533
References 534
Chapter 45 A Dynamic Modeling of Stock Prices and Optimal Decision Making Using MVP Theory 535
45.1 Introduction 536
45.2 Modeling and Prediction 537
45.3 Virtual Stock Market 539
45.4 The Market Simulation Results 542
45.5 Conclusion 544
Appendix 545
References 546
Chapter 46 A Regularized Unconstrained Optimization in the Bond Portfolio Valuation and Hedging 548
46.1 Introduction 548
46.2 Option-Adjusted Spread Analysis 550
46.3 The Spread Variance Minimization Approach 551
46.4 Numerical Method 552
46.5 Numerical Results 553
46.6 Conclusions 557
References 558
Chapter 47 Approximation of Pareto Set in Multi Objective Portfolio Optimization 559
47.1 Introduction 559
47.2 Multi-Objective Portfolio Optimization Problem 560
47.3 Multi-Objective Optimization by the Method of AdjustableWeights 561
47.4 Evolutionary Methods for Multi-Objective Optimization 564
47.5 Description of Experimental Investigation 566
47.6 Discussion on Experimental Results 567
47.7 Conclusions 569
References 569
Chapter 48 The Scaling Approach for Credit Limit Management and Its Application 571
48.1 Introduction 571
48.2 Analysis 573
48.3 Analysis Results 579
48.4 Conclusions 581
References 581
Chapter 49 Expected Tail Loss Efficient Frontiers for CDOS of Bespoke Portfolios Under One-Factor Copula Marginal Distributions 583
49.1 Introduction 583
49.2 Bespoke CDO Mechanics 584
49.3 Heavy-Tail Modelling and Copulas 585
49.4 Credit Risk Measures 586
49.5 Copula Marginal ETL Efficient Frontier for the CDO Collateral 589
49.6 Concluding Remarks 593
References 593
Chapter 50 Data Mining for Retail Inventory Management 595
50.1 Introduction 595
50.2 Literature Review 597
50.3 Purchase Dependencies in Retail Sale in the Context of Inventory Management 598
50.4 Model Development 599
50.5 Illustration with an Example 600
50.6 Case Discussion 602
50.7 Conclusions 604
References 605
Chapter 51 Economic Process Capability Index for Product Design and Process Planning Economic Process Capability Index 607
51.1 Introduction 607
51.2 Process Capability Indices (PCI) 609
51.3 Proposed Process Capability Index 611
51.4 Summary 616
References 616
Chapter 52 Comparing Different Approaches for Design of Experiments (DoE) 618
52.1 Introduction 618
52.2 Approaches to Design of Experiments 619
52.3 Limitations of the Different Approaches 623
52.4 Conclusions and Recommendations 625
References 626
Chapter 53 Prevention of Workpice Form Deviations in CNC Turning Based on Tolerance Specifications 629
53.1 Introduction 630
53.2 Form Errors in Turning 630
53.3 Calculation of Radial Deviations 631
53.4 Relationship Between Deviations and Tolerances 633
53.5 Deviations as Optimization Conditions 638
53.6 Conclusions 638
References 639
Chapter 54 Protein–Protein Interaction Prediction Using Homology and Inter-domain Linker Region Information 640
54.1 Introduction 640
54.2 Method 642
54.3 Experimental Work 646
54.4 Results and Discussion 647
54.5 Conclusion 649
References 649
Chapter 55 Cellular Computational Model of Biology 651
55.1 Introduction 651
55.2 List of Variables 654
55.3 Determining mRNA Polymerases, mR(n + 1) 654
55.4 Determining 655
-Galactosidases, 655
55.5 Determining Lactoses with in and out the Cell, Lext(n C 1) and L(n C 1) 657
55.6 Determining ATP Molecules, A(n) 658
55.7 The System Structure 660
55.8 In Comparison to Traditional Biological Experiment 661
55.9 Conclusion 661
55.10 Discussion 661
References 662
Chapter 56 Patient Monitoring: Wearable Device for Patient Monitoring 663
56.1 Introduction 663
56.2 Wearable Monitoring Device 665
56.3 Functionality 666
56.4 Firmware Issue 669
56.5 Conclusion 672
References 672
Chapter 57 Face Recognition and Expression Classification 673
57.1 Introduction 673
57.2 Background and Related Work 674
57.3 Discrete Cosine Transform 674
57.4 Radial Basis Function 675
57.5 Method 675
57.6 Results 681
57.7 Conclusion 682
References 683
Chapter 58 Spiking Neurons and Synaptic Stimuli: Neural Response Comparison Using Coincidence-Factor 684
58.1 Introduction 684
58.2 Neuronal Model and Synapse 685
58.3 Comparison of Two Spike Trains 687
58.4 Conclusions 693
References 693
Chapter 59 Overcoming Neuro-Muscular Arm Impairment by Means of Passive Devices 696
59.1 Introduction 696
59.2 Background 697
59.3 Experimental Test Apparatus Set Up 698
59.4 Experimental Tests 700
59.5 Device Evolution 702
59.6 Conclusions 705
References 707
Chapter 60 EEG Classification of Mild and Severe Alzheimer’s Disease Using Parallel Factor Analysis Method PARAFAC Decomposition of Spectral-Spatial Characteristics of EEG Time Series 708
60.1 Introduction 708
60.2 Subjects and EEG Recordings 710
60.3 Method 710
60.4 Results 714
60.5 Discussion 716
References 717
Chapter 61 Feature Selection of Gene Expression Data Based on Fuzzy Attribute Clustering 719
61.1 Introduction 719
61.2 RelatedWork 720
61.3 The Proposed Fuzzy Approach 722
61.4 Experimental Results 724
61.5 Conclusion 727
References 728