Satellite Radar Interferometry (eBook)

Preface 6
Acknowledgements 6
Audience 7
Contents 9
Summary 13
Nomenclature 15
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations 15
List of Symbols 16
Introduction 17
1.1 Background 17
1.2 Research Objectives 18
1.3 Outline 21
Subsidence Due to Hydrocarbon Production in the Netherlands 22
2.1 Geological Background 22
2.2 Subsidence Monitoring Using Leveling Measurements 30
2.3 Geodetic Deformation Monitoring 33
2.4 Conclusions 40
Persistent Scatterer InSAR 42
3.1 Interferometric Processing 42
3.2 Persistent Scatterer Selection 47
3.3 Persistent Scatterer Phase Observations 53
3.4 PSI Estimation 56
3.5 Conclusions 64
Quality Control 65
4.1 Precision and Reliability in PSI 65
4.2 Influence of Imperfections in the Functional Model 66
4.3 Imperfections in the Stochastic Model 73
4.4 Measurement Precision 81
4.5 Idealization Precision for Deformation Monitoring 90
4.6 Conclusions 106
Multi-track PSI 108
5.1 Single-Track Datum Connection 109
5.2 Multi-track Datum Connection 111
5.3 Decomposition of Line of Sight Deformation 123
5.4 Conclusions 124
PSI Subsidence Monitoring in Groningen 125
6.1 InSAR Processing Strategy 125
6.2 ERS and Envisat PSI Results 136
6.3 Quality Control 141
6.4 Multi-track Analysis 153
6.5 Idealization Precision for Deformation Monitoring 159
6.6 Conclusions 178
Cross-Validation and Operational Implementation 179
7.1 Precision and Spatio-Temporal Observation Frequency 179
7.2 Comparison of PSI and Leveling Deformation Estimates 191
7.3 The Integration of Geodetic Measurement Techniques 205
7.4 Conclusions 209
Discussion and Future Subsidence Monitoring 211
8.1 Precision and Reliability 211
8.2 Separation of Deformation Regimes 213
8.3 PSI and Reservoir Behavior 215
8.4 Future Subsidence Monitoring 219
Conclusions and Recommendations 223
9.1 Conclusions 223
9.2 Contributions 228
9.3 Recommendations 229
Appendix 1 Location of Research Areas 231
Appendix 2 PSI and Leveling Displacement Profiles 233
A2.1 PSI (Track 380,487) and Leveling (Free Network Adjustments) 233
A2.2 PSI (Track 380,487) and Leveling (SuMo Analysis) 235
Bibliography 242
About the Author 249
Index 250