Absolute C++ with MyProgrammingLab: International Editions

>Contents

Chapter 1 C++ Basics   1

1.1 Introduction to C++ 2

Origins of the C++ Language 2

C++ and Object-Oriented Programming 3

The Character of C++ 3

C++ Terminology   4

A Sample C++ Program   4

1.2 Variables, Expressions, and Assignment Statements   6

Identifiers   6

Variables   8

Assignment Statements   10

Pitfall: Uninitialized Variables   12

Tip: Use Meaningful Names   13

More Assignment Statements 13

Assignment Compatibility   14

Literals   15

Escape Sequences   17

Naming Constants   17

Arithmetic Operators and Expressions   19

Integer and Floating-Point Division   21

Pitfall: Division with Whole Numbers   22

Type Casting   22

Increment and Decrement Operators   25

Pitfall: Order of Evaluation   27

1.3 Console Input/Output   28

Output Using cout   28

New Lines in Output   29

Tip: End Each Program with /n or endl   30

Formatting for Numbers with a Decimal Point   31

Output with cerr   32

Input Using cin   32

Tip: Line Breaks in I/O 34

1.4 Program Style   34

Comments   35

1.5 Libraries and Namespaces   35

Libraries and include Directives   36

Namespaces   36

Pitfall: Problems with Library Names   37

Chapter Summary:   38

Answers to Self-Test Exercises   39

Programming Projects   40



Chapter 2 Flow of Control   43

2.1 Boolean Expressions   44

Building Boolean Expressions   44

Pitfall: Strings of Inequalities   45

Evaluating Boolean Expressions   46

Precedence Rules   48

Pitfall: Integer Values Can Be Used as Boolean Values   52

2.2 Branching Mechanisms   54

if-else Statements   54

Compound Statements   56

Pitfall: Using = in Place of ==   57

Omitting the else   59

Nested Statements   59

Multiway if-else Statement   59

The switch Statement   60

Pitfall: Forgetting a break in a switch Statement   63

Tip: Use switch Statements for Menus   63

Enumeration Types   64

The Conditional Operator   64

2.3 Loops   65

The while and do-while Statements   66

Increment and Decrement Operators Revisited   68

The Comma Operator   70

The for Statement   72

Tip: Repeat-N-Times Loops   74

Pitfall: Extra Semicolon in a for Statement   75

Pitfall: Infinite Loops   75

The break and continue Statements   78

Nested Loops   81

2.4 Introduction to File Input

Reading From a Text File Using ifstream

Chapter Summary   81

Answers to Self-Test Exercises   82

Programming Projects   87



Chapter 3 Function Basics   91

3.1 Predefined Functions   92

Predefined Functions That Return a Value   92

Predefined void Functions   97

A Random Number Generator   99

3.2 Programmer-Defined Functions   103

Defining Functions That Return a Value   103

Alternate Form for Function Declarations   106

Pitfall: Arguments in the Wrong Order   107

Pitfall: Use of the Terms Parameter and Argument   107