Mac OS X Lion In Depth

Robyn Ness has been using and writing about Mac OS X since 2001. Over the years, she has contributed to more than a dozen books about the Mac, web development software, and digital media. A glutton for punishment, she often helps family, friends, and colleagues diagnose and correct their computer problems and has learned the hard way what regular people understand and don’t understand about Mac OS X, and computers in general. Robyn currently works as a web developer at Ohio State University, focusing on user-centered design, information architecture, and content development. In her spare time, she tests the bounds of iPhoto by taking a ridiculous number of digital photographs, the best of which can be seen at www.floraphotographs.com. She also really likes dogs.

Introduction 1

Part I Exploring Mac OS X

Chapter 1 Working on the Mac OS X Desktop 5

The Mac OS X Desktop 5

Working with Mac OS X Menus 6

    The Mac OS X Apple Menu 7

    Mac OS X Application Menus 8

    Mac OS X File Menus 9

    Mac OS X Edit Menus 11

    Finder’s View Menu 11

    Finder’s Go Menu 12

    Finder’s Window Menu 12

    Mac OS X Help Menus 13

    The Spotlight Menu 15

    Menu Extras 15

    Mac OS X Contextual Menus 15

    Finder’s Action Menu 17

Working with the System Preferences Application 17

Customizing the Mac OS X Desktop 19

    Changing the Clock Display 19

    Changing the Desktop’s Appearance 21

Restarting Your Mac 23

Shutting Down Your Mac 24

Using Desktop Keyboard Shortcuts 24

Chapter 2 Getting to Know the Dock 27

Introducing the Dock 27

Using the Dock 31

    Opening Items with the Dock 31

    Switching Windows 31

    The Dock and Minimizing Windows 32

    Working with Icon Pop-Up Menus 32

Customizing the Dock 33

    Moving Icons on the Dock 33

    Adding an Icon to the Dock 34

    Removing Items from the Dock 34

    Adding Folders to the Dock 34

Customizing the Appearance and Behavior of the Dock 35

Using Dock Keyboard Shortcuts 38

Chapter 3 Getting to Know Mac OS X Finder Windows 39

Learning Finder Window Basics 39

    Opening Finder Windows 39

    Resizing Finder Windows 43

    Resizing the Panes of Finder

    Windows 44

    Closing, Minimizing, and Maximizing Finder Windows 44

    Moving Finder Windows 44

    Viewing All My Files 44

    Using the Finder Window Views 45

Navigating Finder Windows 51

    Using the Keyboard to Select Items in a Finder Window 51

    Navigating Up and Down the Folder Structure 52

Customizing Finder Windows 55

    Customizing the Sidebar 55

    Customizing the Toolbar 57

    Using the Status Bar 59

    Customizing the Finder Window Views 61

Working with the Finder Window’s Action Pop-Up Menu 65

Organizing Folder Items with Labels 66

    Setting Up Labels 66

    Applying Labels 66

Finder Window Keyboard Shortcuts 67

Chapter 4 Managing Files and Folders 69

Working with Files and Folders 69

    Moving Files and Folders 69

    Copying Files and Folders 70

    Creating and Naming Folders 70

    Naming Files 70

    Creating and Using Aliases 72

    Trashing Files and Folders 72

    Creating and Using Burn Folders 73

Getting Information on Items 75

    Working with the Spotlight Comments Information 76

    Working with General Information 77

    Working with More Info Information 77

    Working with Name and Extension Information 78

    Working with “Open With” Information 78

    Working with Preview Information 78

    Working with Sharing & Permissions Information 79

    Working with the Inspector 79

Getting a Quick Look at Things 80

Understanding the Standard Mac OS X Folders 81

    Mac OS X User Folders 81

    Mac OS X System Folders 85

Understanding and Setting Permissions 86

Chapter 5 Searching Your Mac 89

Looking for Things on Your Mac: A Modern Approach 89

Searching Your Mac with Spotlight 89

    Searching with Spotlight 90

    Saving Spotlight Searches 92

    Using Spotlight to Create Complex Searches 93

    Adding Spotlight Information to Folders and Files 94

    Configuring Spotlight 94

Searching Your Mac with Smart Folders 95

    Creating and Saving a Smart Folder 95

    Using Smart Folders 98

    Changing Smart Folders 98

Keeping Your Mac Organized 99

Chapter 6 Setting System Preferences 101

Taking a Tour of the System Preferences 101

Setting General Preferences 105

    Using the General Pane 105

    Using the Color Picker to Choose Colors 107

Setting Desktop Pictures and Choosing a Screen Saver 108

    Choosing Desktop Pictures 108

    Configuring a Screen Saver 110

Setting Language & Text Preferences 113

    Setting Language Options 113

    Setting Text Options 114

    Setting Formats for Dates, Times, and Numbers 114

    Setting the Input Sources Tab Options 117

Setting Default Disc Behaviors 117

Configuring Your Mac’s Date and Time 118

Controlling System Startup 120

    Choosing a Startup Volume with System Preferences 120

    Choosing a Startup Volume During Startup 121

    Starting Up in Target Disk Mode 121

Chapter 7 I nstalling and Using Lion Apps 123

Understanding Lion Application Types 123

Installing Apps from the Mac App Store 124

    Browsing the Store for Apps 125

    Searching the Store for Apps 126

    Purchasing an App from the Mac App Store 126

    Checking for Updates 126

    Reinstalling Apps and Installing

    Purchases on Other Macs 128

Installing Non-App Store Applications 129

    Installing Applications with Drag and Drop 129

    Installing Applications Using an Installer 131

Working with Applications in Launchpad 131

    Starting Launchpad 131

    Finding Your Way Around Launchpad 132

    Managing Your Launchpad 132

Common Application Conventions 134

    Launching Apps via Drag and Drop 134

    Application Menus and Services 134

    File Dialogs 135

    Opening Files in Alternate Applications 136

Chapter 8 Working with Mission Control, Spaces, and Dashboard 137

Managing the “Big Picture” with Mission Control 137

    Launching Mission Control 138

    Configuring Mission Control 138

Using Spaces 140

    Viewing Spaces 140

    Adding and Removing Spaces 140

    Moving Between Spaces 141

    Assigning Applications to Spaces 141

    Moving Windows Between Spaces 142

Configuring Spaces 142

Using Dashboard and Widgets 142

    Activating and Deactivating Dashboard 143

    Configuring the Widgets That Open When You Activate Dashboard 144

    Using and Customizing Useful Widgets 145

Configuring Widgets 146

Finding and Installing More Widgets 147

    Building Your Own Widgets with Web Clips 147

    Finding and Downloading Widgets 149

    Installing Third-Party Widgets 149

Configuring Dashboard 149

    Setting Dashboard’s Hot Key and Active Screen Corner 150

Part II Getting Things Done with Lion’s Applications

Chapter 9 P laying and Managing Music with iTunes 151

Listening to Music 151

    Viewing Information While Listening to Tunes 153

    Controlling iTunes from the Dock 154

Customizing iTunes 155

    Setting General iTunes Preferences 155

    Setting iTunes Playback Preferences 157

Adding Music Files to Your iTunes Music Library 158

    Purchasing Music from the iTunes Store 158

    Importing Audio Files into Your Library 159

Importing Music from Audio CDs 159

    Configuring iTunes to Import Music 159

    Adding Audio CDs to Your Library 162

    Adding Audio CDs to the iTunes Library Quickly 163

Removing Tunes from the Music Library 164

Searching Your Music Library 165

Building and Listening to Standard Playlists 165

    Creating a Standard Playlist 166

    Adding Songs to a Playlist 167

    Removing Songs from a Playlist 168

    Setting the Order in Which a Playlist’s Songs Play 168

    Listening to a Standard Playlist 168

    Deleting a Standard Playlist 168

Building and Using Smart Playlists 169

    Understanding Why Smart Playlists Are Called Smart 169

    Creating a Smart Playlist 170

    Listening to a Smart Playlist 172

    Changing a Smart Playlist 172

Creating Genius Playlists and Genius Mixes 173

Managing Playback 173

    Controlling the Order of Tunes 173

    Playing Music Randomly 174

    Repeating Tracks 175

Understanding and Using Tags 175

    Viewing Tags in the Info Window 177

    Labeling a Track in the Info Window 178

    Tagging Multiple Tracks at the Same Time 179

    Setting Tags in the Content Pane 180

    Changing Sorting Tags 180

Configuring a Track’s Options 181

    Configuring Track Options in the Info Window 182

    Rating Tracks in the Content Pane 183

Working with Lyrics 183

    Adding Lyrics to a Track 183

    Viewing Lyrics for a Track 185

Adding and Viewing Album Artwork 185

    Configuring iTunes to Download Album Artwork Automatically 185

    Adding Artwork for Songs Manually 185

    Viewing Album Artwork 187

Customizing the Content Pane 188

Chapter 10 P laying Digital Video and DVD Media 191

Playing and Recording Digital Video with QuickTime 191

    Opening QuickTime Player 192

    Watching QuickTime Movies Stored Locally 192

    Watching Web Videos with QuickTime 193

    Using QuickTime Player Keyboard Shortcuts 195

    Recording Video, Audio, and Screen Actions 195

    Transferring Movies to iTunes, Email, or Online Services (Including YouTube) 196

Watching DVD Movies with DVD Player 196

    Using Closed Captioning 198

    Working with Chapters and Bookmarks 199

    Using the DVD Player Timer 200

    Setting a Custom Zoom Size 201

    Adjusting Video Color 201

    Fine-Tuning DVD Player Audio 201

    Enabling Parental Controls 202

    Using DVD Player Keyboard Shortcuts 202

    Configuring DVD Player 203

Chapter 11 Managing Your Contacts 207

Getting to Know Address Book 207

    Exploring Address Book 208

    Finding Information in Address Book 209

    Viewing Your Own Address Card 210

Adding Contacts to Your Address Book 210

    Adding Contacts Manually 210

    Adding a Contact from an Email Message 213

    Using vCards to Add Contacts to Your Address Book 213

    Importing Contacts from Another Application 214

Editing Contacts in Your Address Book 215

Working with Address Groups 215

    Creating and Configuring a Basic Address Group 216

    Creating a Smart Group in Contacts 217

Getting More Out of Address Book 218

    Addressing Email 218

    Printing Your Address Book 218

Configuring Your Address Book 220

    Configuring Address Book General Preferences 221

    Configuring Address Book Accounts Preferences 221

    Customizing Your Address Book Card Template 222

    Configuring Address Book’s Phone Number Format 223

    Choosing vCard Preferences 223

    Using Address Book Keyboard Shortcuts 224

Chapter 12 Managing Your Schedule 225

Managing Your Calendar with iCal 225

Getting to Know iCal 225

    Navigating the Calendar 226

    Configuring iCal 227

Creating, Configuring, and Working with Calendars 230

Working with Events 231

Working with Reminders 234

Printing from iCal 236

Publishing Your iCal Calendar 237

Subscribing to Other Calendars 239

    Subscribing to Personal Calendars 239

    Subscribing to Public Calendars 239

Chapter 13 Working with Text and Graphics 241

Word Processing with TextEdit 241

Previewing Documents 245

    Working with Images in Preview 245

    Using Preview to Read PDFs 250

    Viewing a Slideshow in Preview 252

    Using Preview to Convert Files to Different Formats 253

    Setting Preview Preferences 254

    Capturing Images 256

    Using Image Capture to Download Images from a Camera to Your Mac 256

    Troubleshooting Image Capture 258

Capturing Screen Images 258

    Capturing Screen Images with Keyboard Shortcuts 258

    Capturing Screen Images with Grab 259

Part III Living in a Connected World

Chapter 14 Connecting to Wired and Wireless Networks 261

Gathering Your Network Information 261

Configuring Your Mac for Wired (Ethernet) Networks 263

    Configuring TCP/IP Using a DHCP Server 263

    Configuring Static TCP/IP Settings 265

    Configuring a PPPoE Account 266

Configuring Your Mac for Wi-Fi Networks 268

    Setting Your Wi-Fi Options 268

    Using the Wi-Fi Status Menu 269

Configuring Proxy Servers for Wired and Wireless Networks 270

Troubleshooting a Network Connection 271

Sharing an Internet Connection 272

    Configuring Connection Sharing 273

Using the Network Utility 275

    Checking Network Connections with Ping 277

    Tracing a Route with Traceroute 278

Chapter 15 Using the Safari Web Browser 279

Navigating in Safari 279

    Using Gestures 280

Using Tabbed Browsing 281

    Enabling Tabs 281

    Using Cool Safari Tab Tricks 282

Searching with Safari 283

    Using Safari SnapBack 284

Using Safari Bookmarks 284

    Setting Safari Bookmarks 285

    Accessing Safari Bookmarks 285

    Organizing Safari Bookmarks 285

    Configuring Safari Bookmarks Preferences 287

Creating a Reading List 288

Using Safari AutoFill 289

    Configuring AutoFill 289

    Using AutoFill 290

Viewing (and Not Viewing) Browser History 292

    Browsing Privately 292

Downloading Files 292

    Configuring a Downloads Folder 293

    Preparing Files for Use 294

Browsing and Configuring RSS Feeds 295

    Browsing RSS Feeds 296

    Configuring Safari’s RSS

    Preferences 297

Working with Plug-Ins 298

    Installing Internet Plug-Ins 298

Configuring Safari Preferences 300

    Configuring Safari’s General Preferences 300

    Configuring Safari’s Appearance Preferences 301

    Configuring Safari’s Security and Privacy Preferences 301

    Working with Browser Extensions 304

    Configuring Safari’s Advanced Preferences 304

Using Safari Keyboard Shortcuts 304

Chapter 16 Managing Your Email with Apple Mail 307

Configuring Apple Mail 307

    Configuring General Mail Preferences 308

    Configuring Email Accounts 309

    Setting Fonts & Colors Preferences 314

    Setting Viewing Preferences 314

    Setting Composing Preferences 316

    Setting Signature Preferences 317

    Setting Rules 319

Receiving, Sending, and Replying to Email 319

    Retrieving and Reading Email 320

    Writing and Sending Email 323

    Replying to Email 326

Organizing Your Email 327

    Using Mailboxes to Organize Your Email 327

    Using Smart Mailboxes to Organize Your Email 328

    Using Smart Mailbox Folders to Organize Your Smart Mailboxes 329

    Configuring and Using Rules for Email 330

    Handling Junk Mail 331

Sending and Receiving Files with Email 333

    Attaching Files to Your Email 334

    Using Mail’s Photo Browser 334

    Using Files Attached to Email You Receive 334

Working with RSS Feeds 335

    Adding RSS Feeds and Configuring Mail to Manage Them 335

    Reading RSS Feeds 337

Apple Mail Keyboard Shortcuts 337

Chapter 17 Chatting with Text, Audio, and Video 339

Chatting with iChat 339

Configuring a Mac for iChat 339

    Getting Started with iChat 340

    Setting Up Chatting Buddies 340

    Chatting with Text 342

    Chatting with Audio 343

    Chatting with Video 344

    More iChat Ideas 346

    Configuring iChat Preferences 347

Conducting Video Calls with FaceTime 349

    Setting Up FaceTime 349

    Placing FaceTime Calls 350

    Receiving a FaceTime Call 352

    Accessing Your Call List 353

    Shutting Off FaceTime 353

    Updating Account Information and FaceTime Addresses 354

Chapter 18 Sharing Files in OS X Lion 355

Configuring File Sharing 355

    Using AirDrop to Wirelessly Share Files and Folders Between Macs 355

    Activating Traditional File Sharing 357

    Choosing Windows/Mac File-Sharing Protocols 360

    Setting Shared Folders 361

    Setting Folder Access Permissions 361

Accessing Shared Files 362

    Browsing Shared Files 362

    Connecting to a Share via URL 364

File-Sharing Tips and Tricks 365

Part IV Delving Deeper Into Mac OS X

Chapter 19 Working with User Accounts 367

Understanding Mac OS X User Accounts 367

    Understanding Administrator Accounts 368

    Understanding Standard User Accounts 368

    Understanding Managed Accounts 369

    Understanding Sharing-Only Accounts 369

    Understanding the Guest Account 369

    Understanding the Root Account 369

    Understanding User Groups 369

Creating and Configuring User Accounts 370

    Creating User Accounts 370

    Configuring User Accounts 374

Creating a Sharing-Only Account 379

    Creating Groups of Users 379

    Resetting Your Password If You Forget Your Administrator Password 380

Logging Out and Configuring Login Options 381

    Configuring Automatic Login 381

    Controlling How User Accounts Appear in the Login Window 382

    Hiding the Sleep, Restart, and Shut Down Buttons 383

    Enabling and Using Fast User Switching 383

Enabling the Root User Account 385

Chapter 20 Managing and Using Fonts 387

Using the Fonts Panel 387

    Previewing Fonts 389

    Using Font Favorites 390

    Creating or Removing Font Collections 390

    Applying Effects to Fonts 390

    Editing the Sizes That Appear on the Size Pane 391

    Applying Typography Effects to Fonts 392

Working with the Character Viewer 393

    Opening the Character Viewer from the Fonts Panel 393

    Using the Character Viewer 393

    Adding the Character Viewer to the Finder Menu Bar 395

Installing and Managing Mac OS X Fonts 396

    Configuring Fonts with the Font Book 396

    Working with Font Collections 397

    Working with Font Libraries 399

    Configuring the Font Book Window 400

    Installing Fonts with Font Book 400

    Choosing a Location for Mac OS X Fonts 401

    Deleting Fonts 402

Chapter 21 Making Your Mac Accessible to Everyone 403

Understanding Universal Access 403

Configuring and Using Seeing Assistance 404

    Understanding and Using VoiceOver 404

    Understanding and Using Zoom 412

    Understanding and Using Display Options 413

Configuring and Using Hearing Assistance 413

Configuring Keyboard Assistance 414

Configuring and Using Mouse Assistance 415

Configuring and Using Speech Recognition 416

    Configuring Your Mac for Voice Control 416

    Using Speech Recognition 419

    Using Text to Speech 420

Chapter 22 A utomating Your Mac 423

Getting to Know Automator 423

    Understanding Automator’s Workflows 423

    Understanding the Automator Utility 424

    Exploring Automator Actions 426

    Understanding Action Inputs and Outputs 427

    Understanding Application Variables 428

Creating Your Own Workflows 428

    Designing a Workflow 428

    Building a Workflow Manually 429

    Recording a Workflow 429

    Testing and Debugging a Workflow 430

    Saving a Workflow as an Application 430

Automation by Example 431

    Opening Websites 431

    Sending Files via Email 433

Chapter 23 Working with the Mac OS X Command Line 437

Using the UNIX Command Line with Mac OS X 437

    Running Terminal 438

    Understanding Shells 438

    Understanding UNIX Command Structure 439

    Understanding UNIX Applications 440

    Understanding Shell Scripts 441

    Understanding UNIX Flavors 441

Learning UNIX by Example 441

    Learning About the Environment 442

    Viewing the Contents of Directories 443

    Changing the Contents of Directories 445

    Using the Manual 446

    Using Superuser Commands 447

    Killing a Process 448

Working with Basic UNIX Applications 450

    Editing Text with vi 450

    Compressing, Uncompressing, and Extracting Files 451

UNIX Resources 452

    Using Terminal Keyboard Shortcuts 452

    Learning UNIX 453

Chapter 24 Using Lion’s Mobile Features 455

Managing Your MacBook’s Power 455

    Monitoring Battery Status 455

    Using the Battery Status Menu 456

    Maximizing Battery Life 457

    Configuring Power Use 458

Controlling Your MacBook with Function Keys 459

Using and Configuring the MacBook Trackpad 460

Configuring and Using Locations 462

    Creating a New Location 462

    Changing Your MacBook’s Location 463

    Editing or Deleting Locations 463

Keeping Your Files in Sync 464

Chapter 25 Running Windows on Your Mac 465

Choosing How to Run Windows on a Mac 465

    Understanding Boot Camp 466

    Understanding Virtualization Software 466

Using Boot Camp to Run Windows on a Mac 467

    Running the Boot Camp Assistant and Installing Windows 468

    Switching Between OS X Lion and Windows 471

    Setting OS X Lion as the Default OS 472

Using VirtualBox for Mac to Run Windows 472

    Installing VirtualBox 473

    Configuring a Virtual Machine and Installing Windows 474

    Running Windows 477

Protecting Windows on a Mac from Attack 478

Part V Working with Devices in Mac OS X

Chapter 26 Working with Mice, Keyboards, and Other Input Devices 479

Installing and Configuring a Keyboard 480

    Installing a Keyboard 480

    Configuring a Keyboard 480

    Configuring Keyboard Shortcuts 482

    Configuring Your Keyboard’s Language Settings and the Input Menu 482

Installing and Configuring a Mouse 484

    Installing a Mouse 485

    Configuring a Mouse 485

Installing Bluetooth Devices 489

    Configuring Bluetooth on Your Mac 489

    Installing a New Bluetooth Device 490

Getting the Most from Keyboard Shortcuts 492

    Using Keyboard Navigation 492

    Adding Keyboard Shortcuts for

    Application Commands 494

Chapter 27 Working with Your Mac’s Display 497

Configuring a Mac’s Display 497

    Configuring Resolution 498

    Using the Displays Menu in the Menu Bar 499

Setting Up and Using Multiple Displays 500

    Installing a Display 500

    Working with Two (or More) Displays 501

Calibrating Displays 504

    Using the Display Calibrator Assistant 504

Using ColorSync 505

    Configuring ColorSync 505

Chapter 28 Working with Your Mac’s Sound 507

Understanding Mac Audio 507

Controlling a Mac’s Audio 507

    Configuring Sound Effects 508

    Installing Additional Alert Sounds 509

Understanding Audio Output Options 511

Choosing Speakers 511

Installing Speakers 512

    Installing Analog Speakers 512

    Installing Digital Speakers Using the Mac’s mini-Toslink Digital Audio Out Port 512

    Installing Digital Speakers with a Mac Pro 513

    Installing Digital Speakers Using USB 513

    Installing Digital Speakers Using a PCI Express Card (Mac Pro) 513

    Controlling Sound Output 513

Understanding Audio Input Options 514

    Controlling Sound Input 515

Chapter 29 I nstalling, Configuring, and Using Printers 517

Installing and Using Printers 517

Configuring Printers 518

    Configuring a Local USB Printer 518

    Configuring a Network Printer 520

    Configuring Other Types of Printers 521

Managing Printers 522

Working with Shared Printers 524

    Sharing a Printer Connected to Your Mac 524

    Adding Shared Printers to Your Mac 525

Printing Under Mac OS X 525

Creating a PDF File 529

Scanning Images with Mac OS X 531

Chapter 30 Using Data Storage Devices 533

Using Disks and Discs 533

Using an External Hard Drive 534

    Partitioning a Hard Drive 534

Working with Optical Discs 538

    Assessing Your Mac’s Disc Drive 538

Burning Discs from the Finder 539

    Creating Burn Folders 542

Burning CDs/DVDs with Disk Utility 543

    Creating a Disk Image to Burn 543

    Burning a Single Disk Image on CD or DVD 545

    Burning a Folder on CD or DVD 546

Part VI Maintaining, Protecting, and Repairing Your Mac

Chapter 31 Maintaining Your Mac 549

Basic Mac Maintenance 549

Using Software Update to Maintain Your System Software 550

    Configuring Software Update 550

    Working with Software Update 551

Cleaning Up Your Drives 553

Maintaining Your Disk Drives 554

    Checking and Repairing Disks with Disk Utility 554

    Erasing Disks with Disk Utility 558

    Going Further with Disk Utility 559

Maintaining Alternate Startup Volumes 560

Building and Maintaining a Mac Toolkit 561

Chapter 32 Backing Up and Restoring Your Files 563

Defining a Backup Strategy 564

Backing Up Your Mac with Time Machine 565

    Configuring Time Machine 566

    Restoring Files with Time Machine 568

    Manually Navigating Your Time Machine Backups 570

    Saving and Recovering File Versions 571

Third-Party Backup Solutions 572

Backup System Best Practices 573

Chapter 33 Securing Your Mac 575

Securing Your Mac with the Security & Privacy Pane 576

    Securing Your Mac with FileVault 576

    Securing Your Mac with the Mac OS X

    Firewall 578

    Securing Your Mac with Security Settings 580

Securing Your Mac by Removing Trash Securely 581

Securing Your Mac with Keychains 581

    Viewing and Configuring Your Keychains and Keychain Items 582

    Adding Items to a Keychain 584

    Adding a Keychain 586

    Using Keychains 586

    Going Further with Keychains 587

Defending Your Mac from Internet Attacks 588

    Defending Your Mac Against Internet Hackers 588

    Defending Your Mac from Virus Attacks 588

Using Parental Controls to Safeguard a Mac 590

    Using Parental Controls to Limit a User’s Access to the Mac 591

    Limiting the Web Content Your Mac’s Users Can Access 594

    Limiting Email and Chat Access of Others to Your Mac’s Users 595

    Viewing Logs of User Activity 597

Chapter 34 Solving Mac Problems 599

Handling Mac Problems 599

Understanding the Causes of Problems 600

    User Error 600

    Bugs 601

    Conflicting Software 601

    Attacks on Your System 601

    Hardware Failures 602

Preventing Problems 602

Assessing Your Mac 603

    Using System Information to View a System Profile 603

    Using Activity Monitor to Understand and Manage Processes 609

    Using the Activity Monitor to Monitor System Activity 612

    Using the Console to View Logs 615

Solving Problems 618

    Implementing a Workaround 618

    Troubleshooting and Describing Your Problem 619

    Fixing Problems Yourself 620

    Starting Up in Single-User Mode 624

    Starting Up in Verbose Mode 625

    Starting Up in Safe Mode 625

    Getting Help for Your Problem 626

Appendix A Using iCloud 627

Setting Up iCloud 627

Activating iCloud Services 628

Managing iCloud Storage 630

Accessing Your Mac Remotely with Back to My Mac 630

 

 

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