Prose Comprehension Beyond the Word

1. A Schema-Based Framework for Representing Knowledge.- Cognitive Psychology and Cognitive Science.- Domains of Knowledge and Levels of Structure.- Linguistic Knowledge.- Rhetorical Knowledge.- Causal Conceptualizations.- Intentional Conceptualizations.- Spatial Knowledge.- Knowledge about Roles, Personalities, and Objects.- Schemas.- The Functioning of Schemas.- 2. Allocation of Cognitive Resources During Prose Comprehension.- Allocating Cognitive Resources to Different Components of Reading.- The Relationship Between Resource Allocation During Comprehension and Performance on Comprehension and Retention Tests.- Models of Reading.- Extracting Information from Newspapers.- 3. A Schema Pointer Plus Tag Model of Prose Memory.- Representational Assumptions of the SP+T Model.- Memory for Scripted Action Sequences.- Memory for Stereotype-Based Personality Descriptions.- Generating Guesses in Recall and Recognition.- Retrieval Mechanisms During Recall and Recognition.- Effects of Retention Interval on Memory for Typical and Atypical Items.- Mathematical Formulation of the SP+T Model.- Alternative Explanations and Models.- Extensions of the Model.- 4. The Conceptual Representation of Prose in Memory.- Goals of the Proposed Theory of Prose Representation.- A System for Representing Prose.- A Question-Answering Method of Exposing Prose Inferences.- Conceptual Graph Structures for Narrative Passages.- Conceptual Graph Structures for Expository Passages.- Differences Between Narrative and Expository Prose.- Conceptual Graph Structures for Schemas.- Additional Issues Concerning the Conceptual Graph Structures.- 5. The Utilization of Prose Representations.- Question Answering.- Verification of Nodes.- Recall of Prose.- Conceptual Graph Structures Revisited.- 6. The Construction of Prose Representations.- A Question-Answering Method of Exploring the Construction of.- Prose Representations.- Effects of Prior Context on the Interpretation of Statements.- Generation and Disconfirmation of Inferences and Expectations.- A Structural-Conceptual Analysis of On-line Comprehension.- Some Considerations for a Model of On-line Prose Comprehension.- Final Comments.- References.- Author Index.