Nanoscale Memory Repair

An Introduction to Repair Techniques: Basics of Redundancy.- Basics of Error Checking and Correction.- Comparison between Redundancy and ECC.- Repairs of Logic Circuits.- Redundancy: Models of Fault Distribution.- Yield Improvement through Redundancy.- Replacement Schemes.- Intra-Subarray Replacement.- Inter-Subarray Replacement.- Subarray Replacement.- Devices for Storing Addresses.- Testing for Redundancy.- Error Checking and Correction: Linear Algebra and Linear Codes.- Galois Field.- Error-Correcting Codes.- Coding and Decoding Circuits.- Theoretical Reduction in Soft-Error and Hard-Error Rates.- Application of ECC.- Testing for ECC.- Synergistic Effect of Redundancy and ECC: Repair of Bit Faults using Synergistic Effect.- Application of Synergistic Effect.